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Over 2.5 million people served with ND lignite-based electricity

Electricity Generation From Lignite Mark K. Thompson Basin Electric Power Cooperative Leland Olds Station. Over 2.5 million people served with ND lignite-based electricity. Economic Impact Every 4 megawatts requires approximately 3 jobs. Lignite.

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Over 2.5 million people served with ND lignite-based electricity

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  1. Electricity GenerationFrom LigniteMark K. ThompsonBasin Electric Power CooperativeLeland Olds Station

  2. Over 2.5 million people served with ND lignite-based electricity

  3. Economic Impact Every 4 megawatts requires approximately 3 jobs

  4. Lignite • A low-cost abundant resource for generation of electricity

  5. Agenda • Basics of generating electricity • Commercial generating technologies • Lignite as a fuel source • Controlling emissions • Generating electricity • Summary

  6. Magnetic Field Around Bar Magnet Lines of force (Flux) N S Magnet

  7. Producing Electricity From Magnetism Coil Meter (Galvanometer) Magnet

  8. Basics of How Electricity is Made Producing Electricity! Which spins a magnet inside a coil of wire A source of energy such as lignite To push blades on a shaft

  9. Portable Generators? • One light bulb lit • Eight light bulbs lit

  10. How Many Bicyclists? • To produce as much electricity as North Dakota’s seven power plants... And they would need to keep pedaling for 24 hours a day / seven days a week 1. 10,000 2. 500,000 3. 3,000,000 4. More than 3 M

  11. How Many Bicyclists? • It would take 8.9millionpeople on bicycles to produce as much electricity as North Dakota’s seven power plants . . . And they would need to keep pedaling for 24 hours a day / seven days a week!

  12. Other Primary Sources of Energy For Generation of Electricity • Wind - windmill or wind turbine • Water - water wheel or water turbine • Diesel - diesel engine • Natural gas - gas turbine

  13. Basics of How Electricity is Made A source of energy such as wind To push blades on a shaft Which spins a magnet inside a coil of wire Producing Electricity!

  14. Wind Generators Renewable, clean but intermittent

  15. Basin Electric’s Wind Facilities Minot Wilton Edgeley Groton 450 MW Nameplate capacity Highmore Pipestone Chamberlain Rosebud

  16. Basics of How Electricity is Made A source of energy such as water To turn blades on a shaft Which spins a magnet inside a coil of wire Producing Electricity!

  17. Water-Hydro Generation Renewable, clean and reliable….but expensive and hard to build today

  18. Basics of How Electricity is Made A source of energy such as a diesel engine To turn a shaft Which spins a magnet inside a coil of wire Producing Electricity!

  19. Diesel Generator Used for short term peaking – expensive

  20. Basics of How Electricity is Made A source of energy such as burning gas To turn blades on a shaft Which spins a magnet inside a coil of wire Producing Electricity!

  21. Gas Turbine Natural gas is cleaner but expensive

  22. Most Common Commercial Technology for Large-Scale Electrical Generation Affordable, reliable, increasingly clean

  23. Exploring lignite as a fuel sourcewith steam turbine generators

  24. COAL COAL H O 2 Lignite is One-Third Water

  25. Conversion Efficiency is 35 Percent x = 35%

  26. Improving Mother Nature • Parameters of ND Lignite as found in nature • Heating value 6,000 to 7,000 BTU / Lb (other coals 8,000 to 12,000 BTU / Lb) • Ash content in ND lignite 6% to 12% as burned • Sodium content high in many areas – contributes to challenges • Deposits in boiler • Other mineral constituents

  27. Coal-Drying Project • Coal Creek Station • Low temperature waste heat is being used to reduce moisture in lignite • Increases plant efficiency and reduces emissions

  28. How is Lignite Converted Into Electricity?

  29. How Electricity is MadeUsing a Steam Turbine Emissions Control Steam Equipment Turbine Generator Steam Pulverized Coal Water Condenser Boiler Hot Air

  30. Lignite Receiving & Stockpile

  31. Lignite conveyed into plant

  32. Pulverizers prepare the lignite

  33. Lignite-Fired Boiler Bunker Burners Coal Feeder Lift Line Pulverizer

  34. Photo of pulverized coal Photo of oil during startup

  35. 2,400 PSI Steam Pressure 2,400 Pounds 2,400 pounds per square inch

  36. Steam turbine generator

  37. Generator during assembly

  38. Generator stator work

  39. Modern control room with computerized controls

  40. Plant Transformers • Auxiliary transformers for plant power • Step-up transformers for sending power out

  41. Power Plant Substation

  42. Lignite boiler emissions in North Dakotaare controlled with up-to-date technology

  43. Cutaway view of precipitator

  44. ND Power Plants Fitted With Scrubbers Percent of Scrubbed Capacity 100 98% 90 80 70 73% 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 North Dakota (now) North Dakota (2012)

  45. Clean Air States Source: EPA, May 1, 2010

  46. Sources of Electricity from Lignite 3887 MW Total 1200 1,100 1000 900 800 673 650 MW Capacity 600 420 400 200 100 44 0 Heskett Leland Young Antelope Lewis & Coyote Coal Olds Valley Clark Creek

  47. A Rule of Thumb Capacity Requirement = 2 KW per person North Dakota 650,000 persons X 2 KW per person = 1,300,000 KW or 1,300 MW

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