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ISLAM

ISLAM. EQ: What are some key beliefs of Islam?. History. Originated in Arabia in 622CE Muhammad, born in Mecca in 570CE spreads the message of Islam 622CE: Muhammad & his followers leave Mecca & make their hijra. Life of Muhammad (570-632CE).

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ISLAM

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  1. ISLAM EQ: What are some key beliefs of Islam?

  2. History • Originated in Arabia in 622CE • Muhammad, born in Mecca in 570CE spreads the message of Islam • 622CE: Muhammad & his followers leave Mecca & make their hijra

  3. Life of Muhammad (570-632CE) • An Arab born in Mecca (a city in today’s Saudi Arabia) • A merchant, married, had children • Didn’t like Arabs worshipping idols • The angel, Gabriel, commands Muhammad to spread the message of Islam (he becomes God’s greatest prophet)

  4. Hijra/Hegira • hijra = the journey from Mecca to Medina (aka Yathrib) • Muhammad had to make this journey because Meccan merchants wanted to kill him • Muslim converts in Medina welcomed Muhammad • The religions grows because of this Hijra

  5. Muslim Beliefs • Followers of Islam are called Muslims • FIVE PILLARS OF ISLAM – 5 basic duties 1. Belief in one compassionate & all-powerful God, Allah 2. Pray 5 times a day 3. Give $$$ to the poor 4. Fast from dawn to dusk during the holy month of Ramadan 5. Make a pilgrimage to Mecca

  6. Facts About Islam • Sacred text = Quran (Koran) • Islam’s sacred scriptures • Guide to life for Muslims • Final authority on any topic or situation • Sharia = body of laws • developed by Muslim scholars • These laws cover all aspects of life • Able to unite Muslims of various backgrounds

  7. Spread of Islam • Caliph = successors to Muhammad • The 1st caliph is Abu Bakr, who succeeds Muhammad in 632CE • Muslims are ruled by caliphs from 632 into the 900s - this period is called the “caliphate” • Muslim world expands during the caliphate • Mid-East -N. Africa • Spain -Sicily • S.E. Asia -India

  8. Spread of Islam: How/Why? • Over 3 continents: • Military conquests, skilled fighters • Build trading empires • Trade considered an honorable occupation • Treat conquered peoples fairly • Many of those conquered convert to Islam • Islam appeals because it focuses on honesty, social justice, and generosity

  9. Hinduism Buddhism Confucianism Taoism Judaism Christianity Islam Describe a major belief of each of the following belief systems.

  10. 5 Pillars • Fold your paper into 5 sections • Put the 5 pillars in order – one in each section • List the pillar & draw an example of the pillar

  11. http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2002/09/0910_muslimkids.htmlhttp://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2002/09/0910_muslimkids.html • http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2003/10/photogalleries/InsideMecca/index.html

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