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Agenda

Agenda. 3.15.10. Drill – Try to come up with the four causes of WWI. Is it ever possible for an alliance to cause more harm than good?. The Great War, 1914 - 1918. The Stage is Set for War Chapter 16, Section 1. Long-term Causes. 1. Nationalism Fuels competition

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Agenda

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  1. Agenda 3.15.10

  2. Drill – Try to come up with the four causes of WWI. • Is it ever possible for an alliance to cause more harm than good?

  3. The Great War, 1914 - 1918 The Stage is Set for War Chapter 16, Section 1

  4. Long-term Causes 1. Nationalism • Fuels competition • Every nation wants the most land, the most weapons, the most industry, the most $ etc. • Fierce rivalries emerge (do NOT write these, but read them): • Great Britain vs. Germany • Germany vs. France • Austria-Hungary vs. Russia • Small Slavic countries in Balkans vs. Everyone

  5. 2. Imperialism –Countries also competed for colonies • Germany and France both want Morocco • Countries start to distrust each other

  6. 3. Militarism– Countries want strong standing armies; bigger army = more patriotism • Countries want to be able to “mobilize” (get into battle) quickly • 1914, all the great powers except Britain had large standing armies

  7. Examples of Militarism… • Rise in Military Expenditure • The Total Defense Expenditure of the Powers (in million £ ) • (Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy, Britain, France and Russia) • 1870 – 94 • 1890 – 130 • 1900 – 154 • 1910 – 268 • 1914 - 398

  8. British Tankscalled “whippets”

  9. German soldiers with a Maxim Gun

  10. German Soldiers

  11. 4. Alliances! • Triple Alliance: Germany, Austria-Hungary and Italy • Triple Entente: Britain, France and Russia And all this madness, all this rage, all this flaming death of our civilization andour hopes, has been brought about because a set of official gentlemen, livingluxurious lives, mostly stupid, and all without imagination or heart, have chosenthat it should occur rather than that any one of them should suffersome infinitesimal rebuff to his country's pride.-Bertrand Russell

  12. Kaiser Wilhelm II and Sons

  13. Kaiser Wilhelm II • Obsessed with the German military • Competitive with Britain – wanted a larger army, better navy, more colonies etc. • Known to “recognize no authority but himself”

  14. Crisis in the Balkans • Russia and Austria-Hungary compete for the Balkans • Balkan lands = inhabited by Slavic peoples from nations of Serbia, Bulgaria, Greece, Montenegro and Romania • Lots of Slavic peoples in Serbia. Serbia wanted to get bigger to hold all the Slavs in the Balkans. Austria-Hungary did NOT want Serbia to expand.

  15. Balkans 1914

  16. The “Powder Keg” • Austria-Hungary annexed Slavic territory, and the Serbians went nuts • Germany and Austria-Hungary ganged up against the angry Serbs, so the Serbs had to back down • Then….June 18, 1914, Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria and his wife visited Bosnia (a Slavic area) and a young Serbian nationalist killed them

  17. Gavrilo Princip – Serbian Nationalist • Austria-Hungary wanted revenge on Serbia. • With Germany’s unconditional support, Austria declared war on Serbia • Alliances drag everyone else in.

  18. Carrier Pigeons Delivered Secret Messages!

  19. Horses wore gas masks during the War

  20. Mascot Goat Wearing Helmet

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