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Cell Structure & Function

Cell Structure & Function. http://koning.ecsu.ctstateu.edu/cell/cell.html. Definition of Cell. A cell is the smallest unit that is capable of performing life functions. Animal Cell Parts. Organelles. “Typical” Animal Cell Parts (Organelles).

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Cell Structure & Function

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  1. Cell Structure & Function http://koning.ecsu.ctstateu.edu/cell/cell.html

  2. Definition of Cell A cell is the smallest unit that is capable of performing life functions.

  3. Animal Cell Parts Organelles

  4. “Typical” Animal Cell Parts (Organelles) http://web.jjay.cuny.edu/~acarpi/NSC/images/cell.gif

  5. Cell Membrane • Outer membrane of cell that controls movement in and out of the cell • Double layer

  6. Nucleus • Directs cell activities • Separated from cytoplasm by nuclear membrane • Contains genetic material – DNA (chromosomes)

  7. Chromosomes • In nucleus • Made of DNA • Contain instructions for traits & characteristics

  8. Organelles in Nucleus Nuclear Membrane Nucleolus Inside the nucleus Contains RNA to build proteins • Surrounds nucleus • Made of two layers • Openings allow material to enter and leave nucleus

  9. Cytoplasm • Gel-like mixture • Surrounded by cell membrane • Contains important internal organelles

  10. Endoplasmic Reticulum • Moves materials around in cell • Smooth type: lacks ribosomes • Rough type: ribosomes embedded in surface

  11. Ribosomes • Each cell contains thousands • Make proteins • Found on Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum & floating throughout the cell

  12. Mitochondria • Produces energy through chemical reactions • Powers the cell • Controls level of water and other materials in cell • Recycles and decomposes proteins, fats, and carbohydrates

  13. Golgi Bodies • Proteins are packaged here • Move materials within the cell • Move materials out of the cell

  14. Lysosome • Digests proteins, fats, and carbohydrates • Transports undigested material to cell membrane for removal • If a lysosome explodes, the cell breaks down

  15. Vacuoles • Membrane-bound sacs for storage, digestion, and waste removal • Contains water solution • Helps cell maintain shape

  16. Cell Organelles only found in Plan ts

  17. “Typical” Plant Cell http://waynesword.palomar.edu/images/plant3.gif

  18. Cell Wall • Most commonly found in plant cells & bacteria • Supports & protects cells http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html

  19. Chloroplast • Usually found in plant cells • Contains green chlorophyll • Where photosynthesis takes place http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html

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