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Chapter 16 Introduction to Psychological Disorders

Chapter 16 Introduction to Psychological Disorders. Psychological Disorders. Psychological Disorder a “harmful dysfunction” in which behavior is judged to be: atypical--not enough in itself disturbing--varies with time and culture maladaptive--harmful

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Chapter 16 Introduction to Psychological Disorders

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  1. Chapter 16 Introduction to Psychological Disorders

  2. Psychological Disorders • Psychological Disorder • a “harmful dysfunction” in which behavior is judged to be: • atypical--not enough in itself • disturbing--varies with time and culture • maladaptive--harmful • unjustifiable--sometimes there’s a good reason

  3. Historical Perspective • Perceived Causes • movements of sun or moon • lunacy--full moon • evil spirits • Ancient Treatments • exorcism, caged like animals, beaten, burned, castrated, mutilated, blood replaced with animal’s blood

  4. Psychological Disorders • Medical Model • concept that diseases have physical causes • can be diagnosed, treated, and in most cases, cured • assumes that these “mental” illnesses can be diagnosed on the basis of their symptoms and cured through therapy, which may include treatment in a psychiatric hospital

  5. Psychological Disorders • Bio-Psycho-Social Perspective • assumes that biological, sociocultural, and psychological factors combine and interact to produce psychological disorders

  6. Psychological Disorders

  7. Classifying Psychological Disorders • DSM-IV • American Psychiatric Association’s Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (Fourth Edition) • a widely used system for classifying psychological disorders • presently distributed as DSM-IV-TR (text revision)

  8. Classifying Psychological Disorders • Neurotic Disorder (term seldom used now) • usually distressing but that allows one to think rationally and function socially • Psychotic Disorder • person loses contact with reality • experiences irrational ideas and distorted perceptions

  9. Rates of Psychological Disorders

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