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Chapter 5 - New York in the 1920s

Chapter 5 - New York in the 1920s. Recordings, Radio, Movies. advances in recording technology electrical recording replaces acoustical recording reduced prices on records Radio technical advances radio networks (NBC, CBS) a new, larger listening audience.

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Chapter 5 - New York in the 1920s

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  1. Chapter 5 - New York in the 1920s

  2. Recordings, Radio, Movies • advances in recording technology • electrical recording replaces acoustical recording • reduced prices on records • Radio • technical advances • radio networks (NBC, CBS) • a new, larger listening audience. • breaking down regional boundaries, increasing awareness of musicians. • Movies

  3. Prohibition • 1920 • illegal to manufacture, transport, sell • (legal to purchase and/or drink) • organized crime • repealed in 1932

  4. Dance Bands • Popular music in the 1920s: • Tin Pan Alley • ragtime. • vaudeville. • jazz. • Larger ensembles with a variety of instruments began to incorporate jazz in various ways.

  5. Paul Whiteman. • sought to “make a lady out of jazz.” • “An Experiment in Modern Music” (1924) • Aeolian Hall in New York. • “Rhapsody in Blue.” • “King of Jazz” – originator of “symphonic jazz”

  6. Fletcher Henderson • Born into middle-class family, studied music with his mother. • Received a degree in chemistry and mathematics at Atlanta University, moved to New York in 1920 to establish career as a chemist. • Song demonstrator for the Pace-Handy Music Co. • Music director for Black Swan. • Offered a position at the Roseland Ballroom • Innovations: • Initially Henderson's band was primarily a dance band. • Brought in Louis Armstrong as a "jazz specialist" in 1924. • Don Redman, the band's music director until 1927, established a basic format for big band arrangements: • Sectional writing; interplay of reeds and brass. • Use of call-and-response. • Solo sections interspersed between arranged sections. • good soloists and the ability to make written arrangements swing. • a primary model for big bands until the mid-1930's.

  7. Fletcher Henderson (cont’d) • Henderson's band broke up several times due to poor management. • in 1934 sold most of his best arrangements to Benny Goodman. • a full-time staff arranger for Goodman from 1939-1941. • Impediments to greater success: • Passive temperament. • Lack of understanding of salesmanship and promotion. • Inability to control or keep players, who were frequently lured away by other bandleaders.

  8. Harlem Renaissance • period from end of WWI to about the middle of the Depression. • as a literary movement, contributions of African American writers to poetry, fiction, drama, and essay. • notion of "twoness“ or divided awareness of identity - "One ever feels his two-ness - an American, a Negro; two souls, two thoughts, two unreconciled stirrings: two warring ideals in one dark body, whose dogged strength alone keeps it from being torn asunder.“ (W.E.B. Du Bois, a founder of NAACP and author of The Souls of Black Folks (1903). • Common themes: • alienation. • marginality. • use of folk material, blues tradition, • problems of writing for an elite audience.

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