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Waves and Transmission Lines

Waves and Transmission Lines. TechForce + Spring 2002 Externship Wang C. Ng. Traveling Waves. Standing Waves. Standing Waves. Envelop of a Standing Wave. Load. Waves in a transmission line. Electrical energy is transmitted as waves in a transmission line.

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Waves and Transmission Lines

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  1. Wavesand Transmission Lines TechForce + Spring 2002 Externship Wang C. Ng

  2. Traveling Waves

  3. Standing Waves

  4. Standing Waves

  5. Envelop of a Standing Wave Load

  6. Waves in a transmission line • Electrical energy is transmitted as waves in a transmission line. • Waves travel from the generator to the load (incident wave). • If the resistance of the load does not match the characteristic impedance of the transmission line, part of the energy will be reflected back toward the generator. This is called the reflected wave

  7. Reflection coefficient • The ratio of the amplitude of the incident wave (v- ) and the amplitude the reflective wave (v+) is called the reflection coefficient:

  8. Reflection coefficient • The reflection coefficient can be determine from the load impedance and the characteristic impedance of the line:

  9. Short-circuited Load • ZL = 0 • = -1 • v - = - v + at the load • As a result, vL = v + + v - = 0

  10. Load

  11. Load

  12. Load

  13. Load

  14. Load

  15. Load

  16. Load

  17. Load

  18. Load

  19. Standing Waves Load

  20. Standing Waves Load

  21. Load

  22. Open-circuited Load • ZL =  • = +1 • v - = v + at the load • As a result, vL = v + + v - = 2 v +

  23. Load

  24. Load

  25. Load

  26. Load

  27. Load

  28. Load

  29. Load

  30. Load

  31. Load

  32. Standing Waves Load

  33. Standing Waves Load

  34. Load

  35. Resistive Load • ZL = Z0 • = 0 • v - = 0 at the load • As a result, vL = v +

  36. Traveling Waves Load

  37. Load

  38. Resistive Load • ZL = 0.5 Z0 • = - 1/3 • v - = -0.333 v + at the load • As a result, vL = v + + v - = 0.667 v +

  39. Load

  40. Load

  41. Load

  42. Load

  43. Load

  44. Load

  45. Load

  46. Load

  47. Load

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