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Orientations to Teaching and Learning

Orientations to Teaching and Learning . Janis Braue. New Survivor Show. Greatest Challenges Facing Special Educators Today. Special Education Today. The number of special education students who spend the majority of their day in general education classes is increasing every year.

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Orientations to Teaching and Learning

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  1. Orientations to Teaching and Learning Janis Braue

  2. New Survivor Show

  3. Greatest Challenges Facing Special Educators Today

  4. Special Education Today • The number of special education students who spend the majority of their day in general education classes is increasing every year. • Some of these classes have the support of a consultant or a special education teacher.

  5. Special Education Today • 15%-25% of all students have a learning or behavior problem. • Specific Learning Disabilities continues to be the most prevalent disability. • SLD is 5 times more prevalent that Emotional Disturbance.

  6. Special Education Today • Students with Autism increased from 10,000 in 1992 to 65,000 in 2001. • 1 out of every 110 births • 1 out of every 70 males • 57% increase from 2002 to 2006 • 600% increase in 20 years

  7. Theories • Better evaluations • Increasing environmental risks • Misidentification/have not been taught • Children living in poverty • Medical science keeps children alive

  8. Types of Disabilities • 11% of all students between the ages of 6-13 have a disability. • 75% SLD or SLI • 9% MR • 6% ED • 5% OHI • Other disabilities <2%

  9. Student Problems • Academics • Attention • Hyperactivity • Memory • Language • Aggression • Withdrawn behavior • Bizarre behavior

  10. Questions to Consider • Length of time? • How severe? • Is progress being made? • Motivation? • Instruction? • Relationship with teacher?

  11. Response to Intervention • Multi-tiered interventions • Data collection system • Ongoing progress monitoring • Preventative approach to special education • Early intervention

  12. Special Education • Specialized instruction • Related services • Assistive technology • Student goals • Research-based methods • Program is driven by student performance

  13. IDEA • IDEA ‘97 mandated greater access to the general curriculum for students with special needs. • IDEA ‘04 emphasized academic performance goals and accountability consistent with the standards for non-disabled peers.

  14. Learning Environments • Mainstreaming - placing students with disabilities part-time in the regular classroom • Inclusion- placing students with disabilities full-time in the regular classroom

  15. Do special education students receive the academic and behavioral support that they require in a regular classroom?

  16. Instructional Cycle • Set instructional goals • Plan instruction • Instruct, evaluate, modify instruction based on evaluation

  17. Assessment • Formal • Informal • Reading inventories • Observations • Work Samples

  18. Graphs, Charts & Records • Graphs & Charts used to measure progress on one behavior or skill (Figures 1.4 & 1.5) • Performance Records measure a set of skills for a long length of time (Figure 1.7) • Process Records: Portfolios, Learning Logs, & Dialogue Journals measure performance over time (Figure 1.8)

  19. Design Instruction • Use assessment data • Group students • Set instructional targets • Prepare a schedule • Set up a system • Identify students who need more help

  20. Scaffolding • Apply the Concept 1.2 p. 23 • Teach new information in small steps • Use systematic instruction • Practice until the student can complete the activity independently.

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