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Back to Basics, 2012 POPULATION HEALTH : Vital & Health Statistics

Back to Basics, 2012 POPULATION HEALTH : Vital & Health Statistics. Presented by N. Birkett, MD Epidemiology & Community Medicine. 78.1: VITAL STATISTICS INFORMATION. What are the key causes of illness or death in Canada ? Common things are common

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Back to Basics, 2012 POPULATION HEALTH : Vital & Health Statistics

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  1. Back to Basics, 2012POPULATION HEALTH :Vital & Health Statistics Presented by N. Birkett, MD Epidemiology & Community Medicine

  2. 78.1: VITAL STATISTICS INFORMATION • What are the key causes of illness or death in Canada? • Common things are common • using epidemiology can help you run a better clinical practice • How have disease incidence and mortality changed in Canada in the past 20 years? • Little good information on disease incidence except for reportable diseases and cancer (cancer registries)

  3. TOPICS • Demography, population dynamics • Mortality • Morbidity • Summary measures of population health • Aboriginal health

  4. Population Dynamics, 2007

  5. World Health Report, 2006 (data mostly from 2004)

  6. Population Pyramids • Canada, 1901-2001 • Ontario 1901-2001 • Ontario 1956-2006 • Newfoundland 1949-2001 • Yukon 1901-2001

  7. General (All-Causes) Mortality

  8. # deaths in Canada from 1979-2004; men and women.

  9. Mortality RATES in Canada from 1979-2004; men and women.

  10. Infant Mortality, 1935-2005

  11. 12

  12. Cause-Specific Mortality

  13. Leading causes of death (2004) • Cancer: 30% • Lung cancer: 9% (M); 8% (W) • Breast cancer: 5% (W) • Prostate cancer: 3% (M) • Cardiovascular disease: 28% • Ischemic heart disease: 17% • Other circulatory disease: 5% • Stroke 6% • Respiratory Disease: 7% • Injuries: 4% • Diabetes: 4% • Alzheimer’s: 2%

  14. CANCER: 30.3% Circ Disease: 27.6% † † Pneumonia & influenza grouped with respiratory disease. Would increase infectious % to about 3.4%.

  15. CANCER: 29.8% Circ Disease: 29.0% EXTERNAL CAUSES: 4.8%+ { † † † Pneumonia & influenza grouped with respiratory disease. Would increase infectious % to about 3.5%.

  16. CANCER: 31.6% Circ Disease: 27.3% EXTERNAL CAUSES: 3.4%+ { † † † Pneumonia & influenza grouped with respiratory disease. Would increase infectious % to about 3.3%.

  17. Overall trends in mortality from Cancer 1976-2005: MALES

  18. Overall trends in mortality from Cancer 1976-2005: FEMALES

  19. Cancer and AgeAge-Specific Mortality Rates for All Cancers by Sex, Canada, 2003 Surveillance Division, CCDPC, Public Health Agency of Canada

  20. Cancer and AgeAge-Specific Incidence Rates for All Cancers by Sex, Canada, 2003 Surveillance Division, CCDPC, Public Health Agency of Canada

  21. Time trends in MalesIncidence Mortality

  22. Time trends in FemalesIncidence Mortality

  23. Income Inequalities in Health

  24. 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 Income adequacy quintiles Remaining Life Expectancy at age 25. Based on 10-year follow-up to 1991 census Women Men

  25. Remaining life expectancy at age 25 (conditional on surviving to age 25), 1991-2001

  26. Probability of survival to age 75 (conditional on surviving to age 25), 1991-2001

  27. Summary Measures of Population Health Combine mortality and a measure of morbidity

  28. Summary Measures ofPopulation Health

  29. 2001 Life Expectancy andHealth-Adjusted Life Expectancy • HALE always < LE • Females live longer (but gap is narrowing) • Females suffer more morbidity

  30. Disability-Adjusted Life-Years Lost

  31. Impact of Chronic Diseases

  32. Which Chronic Diseases?

  33. Deaths vs Prevalence, Canada

  34. Aboriginal Health

  35. Population Pyramids

  36. Age-specific Fertility Rates

  37. Percentage of Live Births by Age Group of Mother

  38. Crude Mortality Rate

  39. Age-adjusted Mortality Rate

  40. Age-specific Mortality Ratio

  41. Life Expectancy at Birth in Years, by Sex

  42. Leading Causes of Death (age-standardized)

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