Session 4 Workplaces, Older people, decision making

1. Session 4Workplaces, Older people, decision making

2. Session 4 structure • What works in workplace settings? • What works for older people? • From evidence to decision making DataPrev Training Module - Session 4 - Workplace and older people

3. The importance of workplace mental health Work for a healthy life • Employment in a good working environment is beneficial to health. • For people with mental health problems, maintaining or returning to employment can be a vital element in the recovery process, and reduce social exclusion. The workplace as a prevention setting • We spend a large amount of time and invest social effort in work • The workplace is an important setting for the identification of non-work related poor mental health. DataPrev Training Module - Session 4 - Workplace and older people

4. The importance of workplace settings Mental capital has important benefits in workplaces • Better mental health and well-being at the workplace can have positive economic impacts for business, as well as societies (health and social security systems). Current and future challenges • The changing nature of work, with ever shorter deadlines and greater levels of work intensity, coupled with a continuous process of reorganisation to compete in a global marketplace, as well as the uncertainties caused by economic recession has contributed to these risks across Europe. • The cost of ill health in the workplace is high and is rapidly becoming an issue that employers can no longer afford to ignore. DataPrev Training Module - Session 4 - Workplace and older people

5. DataPrev Training Module - Session 4 - Workplace and older people

6. What works in the workplace? Differentsuccessfulapproachesto mental well-beingactionsinclude: • Promotion of mental well-being and universal prevention of mental health problems • Targeted preventive actions for individuals/workplaces at high risk or poor mental health • Support for those identified with poor mental health who are currently at work • support for those individuals who have been excluded from work because of poor mental health (D. McDaid, 2011) DataPrev Training Module - Session 4 - Workplace and older people

7. What works in the workplace? Key: Programmes need to be specifically designed to meet varying employee needs. An Implementation Framework for wellness programmes in the workplace: • Enablers • Plan • Execute • Manage (PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, 2008) DataPrev Training Module - Session 4 - Workplace and older people

8. What works in the workplace? Enablers • Leadershipgoes beyond endorsement of programmes and involves active and visible participation of senior management in wellness programmes • Create a culture of wellness that aligns wellness with a business’ overall goals and missions • Create effective communication channels that ensure employees are consulted and continually informed of wellness initiatives (PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, 2008) DataPrev Training Module - Session 4 - Workplace and older people

9. What works in the workplace? Plan • Conduct a needs analysis that investigates employees health needs, motivations and readiness for change • Understand wellness services currently offered and how they are meeting employee needs • Understand specific organisational risks and priorities in relation to workplace wellness • Consider the range of wellness initiatives and providers and assess options for fit with the organisation’s priorities (PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, 2008) DataPrev Training Module - Session 4 - Workplace and older people

10. What works in the workplace? Execute • Programme design is tailored and considers the scope and severity of need • Decide a set of key performance indicators that evaluate process, outcomes and impact • Ensure a programme engages employees through appropriate incentives and social marketing techniques (PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, 2008) DataPrev Training Module - Session 4 - Workplace and older people

11. What works in the workplace? Manage • Ensure evaluation and management steps are a continualprocess that inform the plan and execute steps of the cycle • Monitoring systems should be clear, simple and ensure confidentiality • Identify and collect cost and benefit data to undertake financial impact modelling (PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, 2008) DataPrev Training Module - Session 4 - Workplace and older people

12. What works in the workplace? 2 Example interventions: • Individual intervention to improve resilience: • ‘Stress Inoculation Training’ is based on Meichenbaum’s model, and adapted to stress-management training with teachers. The training includes: definitions and sources of stress, relaxation, rational restructuring, application of coping skills, development of additional stress scripts. 2. Organisational intervention to reduce risk factors and increase protective factors: • the Brabantia Project is a 3-year wellness and health intervention, targeted at blue-collar workers, including lifestyle counselling sessions and work analysis. It was followed by considerable organisational changes ,implemented with the workers’ participation. DataPrev Training Module - Session 4 - Workplace and older people

13. The importance of older people’s mental health • The burden of mental health problems in later life • Around 12% of adults aged 65 or older currently affected by depressive syndromes in Europe • Costs of ill-health and dependency • Mental health linked to physical health • Ill health implies costs in care • Most of the caregiver burden lies with informal carers • Growing population of older people • By 2050 ~30% of EU population will be >65 years old • Valuable contributions of older populations: • Working longer • Volunteering • Mentoring DataPrev Training Module - Session 4 - Workplaces DataPrev Training Module - Session 4 - Workplace and older people

14. What works with older people? Effective approaches: • Policies which encourage social participation • Policies and interventions which improve older people’s capacities (practical and emotional) • Programmes to tackle common functional limitations related to ageing • Interventions which build social connectedness. DataPrev Training Module - Session 4 - Workplace and older people

15. What works with older people? Policies for older people’s mental health Policies that will protect mental health include those that: • support access to social activities • facilitate peer support • increase skill training • Older people’s care services designed to increase access to meaningful social activities and peer group support. DataPrev Training Module - Session 4 - Workplace and older people

16. What works with older people? Skills training Psycho-educational and skill-training interventions can have an impact on depressive symptoms and quality of life. Characteristics which were associated with successful interventions were: • time-limited (structured and not indefinite) • delivered to small groups • theoretically based on cognitive behavioural principles DataPrev Training Module - Session 4 - Workplace and older people

17. What works with older people? Reduce suffering from functional limitations These interventions include: • Information about available professional help • Practical support • Promotion of personal resources and coping strategies DataPrev Training Module - Session 4 - Workplace and older people

18. What works with older people? Improve social networks and support Social support has been posited as the most effective intervention type for reducing depressive symptoms among older adults, and such programmes are often attractive to older women (a major risk group for depression). Characteristics of psychosocial intervention programmes that improve social networks include: • Group discussions • Exchanges of experiences among the participants • Encourage meeting outside and after the intervention DataPrev Training Module - Session 4 - Workplace and older people

19. A final consideration for MHP in olderpeople Research in MHP/MDP for older people • Further research is needed - in particular: • large-scale implementations • Addressing professionals’ opinions • User-led research questions and outcomes • Policy makers need to be aware of the current limitations of the evidence base DataPrev Training Module - Session 4 - Workplace and older people

20. From evidence to decision making (Source: Petticrew & Roberts, 2003) DataPrev Training Module - Session 4 - Workplace and older people