Presentation Transcript

1. Towards Integration of former socialist Economies in CEE with EU: focusing on knowledge potentials and University-Industry Cooperation

   Prof. em.dr.dr.h.c. Sung-Jo Park Free University Berlin
2. Table of Contents 1. Theoretical Discourses 2. Interreg – development of peripheries 3. perception of natural sciences and mathematics in CEE : connotation of “talent” 4. reform of higher education and ‘private universities’ as system transformation 5. Endogenous Development (metropolitanization) 5.1. Talsinki 5.2. Centrope 6. Exogenous Development 1: Foreign Direct Investment in Balkan (Serbia) 7. Exogenous Development 2:Access to Knowledge Potentials – the Case of Samsung 7. Conclusion
3. 1. Theoretical Discourses 1. Industrialization-related dichotomy -hirschman’s unbalanced growth (creation of unbalance) -von thuenen’s centrality (traffic center) -deutsch’s gravitation (absorption of bigger power) -perroux’s pole de croissance (spread effect) 2. Digital economy-centered dichotomy -florida’s creative class leading to ‘new center’ –technology-talent-tolerance -landry’s creative city (new cultural city) -industrial policy creating ‘new centers’ -industry-university forming ‘new clusters’ Comprehensive theory?
4. 2. Interreg – development of peripheriesTaxonomy 1. subsidized strategy-EU-Border Region Development (1989) Goals: border region development, transnational development, interregional development -baltic sea region programme, 2007-2013 -EUSAIR (EU Strategy for the Adriatic and Inonian Seas) 2. endogenous strategy -Talsinki (Tallinn + Helsinki) -CENTROPE (Austria, Hungary, Slovakia, Tschec: Vienna + Bratislava)
5. 3. EU-initiated Balkan region development strategy
6. 3. Perception of natural sciences and mathematics in former socialist economies 1. socialist ideology not allowing for humanities and social sciences 2. equalization of gender 3. Mathematic Olympiade before 1989: Russia, Bulgaria, Romania, Hungary, East Germany (American Mathematical Society 2008) 4. IMO Ranking (2013): China, SK, USA, Russia.. Most CEE countries among 30 best
7. 4. Reform of higher education andprivate universities Reform goals: de-politicizing, de-ideologizigng especially in humanities and social sciences Capitalism learning: shortage of teaching staffs Bologna Process
8. Private universities 1. confessional universities (e.g. dimitriecantemir catholic university in romania) 2. international universities in rom, bul,pol, serb. Hun. by americans, europeans and germans focusing on business,econ,languages (e.g. Central European University…..) 3. diversity universities (e.g. ecological univ in bucharest)
9. 4.1.gabor denc college in hungary (computer firm) 4.2. media university in romania (media pro) 4.3. Romanian banking institute founded by romanian national bank and romanian association of banks 4.4. skolkovo business school (joint educational program in nano technology) 5. NGO-supported universities -Kosovo: Mitrovica (SPARK, 1994)-professional school, supported by three governments (sweden, denmark, and netherlands) 6. American Universities in Europe: e.g. franklin university
10. Commonalities 1. overemphasis on “business studies” - neoliberalism 2. americanization of curriculum and introduction of neo-liberalism 3. common interest increasing 4. financing of study 5. networking: Danube Rectors Conference, University network in the Adriatic/Ionian Seas
11. 4.1. Talsinki Since 1992: Tal 0,4 mio and Hel 0,6 mio becoming a new metropolitan area Monthly labor mobility from estonia to finland: 0,4 mio (handicratsmen, nurses, computer experts,……) Income in finland 3 times than estonia 20.000 estonian IC experts working in finland
12. 5.2. CENTROPE: Heart of Europe -central europe; declaration of kittsee 2003; covering 7,2 million inhabitants; but 4 languages and cultures -educational region (ICT)and automitve cluster (kia, hyundai,peugeot, vw, suzuki, cotroen, bmw producing 2,5 million units)-future: ICT, car, wood -focus on economy. Infrastructure, education, culture, tourism -center for intercultural learning (edTWIN project) -connection with trans siberian railway?
13. genous
14. 6. Exo
15. 7. Cn
16. FDI in 27 countries 2003-2010
17. 6. Exogenous Development 1: FDI in Balkan (Serbia)
18. 7. Exogenous Development 2: Access to Knowledge Potentials – the Case of Samsung
19. Tasks of R/D Center 1. access to local applied/basic research: joint research 2. market research 3. cooperation with local research institutes, universities, and industries 4. access to public/private financial support, including EU support 5. access to local highly qualified manpower 6. build up local networks
20. Concrete approach strategies University Cooperation M/A: Dresden-Novaled; Israel-Transchip Eindhoven-Liquavista 3. Joint Research Project 4. Grant for excellent students for further study in USA, UK and France (Samsung Global Scholarship) 5. Access to retired local engineers and executives, especially in Japan and Germany 5. “high remunerations”; Internal promotion to top position 6. Summer university
21. Education for tapping talents Summer University in Poland Executive MBA Program at Munich Business School Master in International Management in Barcelona
22. Taxonomy of R/D Centers Access to local research institutes (basic/applied research) – USA, Japan, UK and NL Access to local hi tech potentials and clusters -dresden, eindhoven, middlessex, skolkovo (moscow), israel, finland (espoo) Access to low-cost talent -poland, ukraine, bangladesh, vietnam, China, North Korea
23. Skolkovo cluster: a new silicon valley?
24. Skolkovo: SilikonnovayaDolina in Russia •Skolkovo Institute of Technology (SIT) will become a major generator of innovation in Skolkovo • 5 Technology clusters (energy, bio, IT, space, nuclear) . Collaboration with MIT
25. Samsung -Research center in Moscow and Skolkovo -Samsung Skolkovo Management School Moscow -Samsung Skolkovo Economic Research Institute
26. Poland
27. Poland: the second largest IT market in CEE Major MNCs that have opened centers recently in Poland include: In June 2013, Genpact opened a center in Szczecin to expand its services portfolio in Europe. The new center will deliver services in domains such as finance and accounting, supply chain management, customer relationship management and back office services. Google has set up a R&D facility in Krakow with focus on product research and development. The center has about 100 employees working on Google TV and Infrastructure and analysis for Google’s sales department with major focus on engineering rather than research. In September 2012, Facebook opened a center in Warsaw focusing on application development. This center will serve Central and Eastern Europe covering 30 countries. Krakow and Warsaw have become the major software clusters in the country. Together, Krakow and Warsaw have an installed talent pool of 30,500 IT/ITES professionals and a fresh talent pool of 17,000 engineers graduating every year. Locations such as Lodz, Lublin and Gdansk are fast emerging as key Tier II destinations for software development. In recent years various MNCs have expanded their operations in these locations. Samsung opened a R&D center in Lodz in early 2013 and has plans to hire 150 employees in the center. The new center focuses on the development of advanced digital television software and software for Samsung’s mobile devices.
28. Consortium won prestigious grant EU-KOREA ICI Consortium won prestigious grant EU-KOREA ICI "Korean European Global Leadership Program for Sustainable Development" Project Title:KOREU GLP for Sustainable DevelopmentEU Lead Institution:SodertornUniversityEU Member State:Haaga-Helia UniversityWarsaw School of Social Sciences and HumanitiesUniversity of FlorenceNon-EU Lead Institution:HanyangUniversityNon-EU Partner Country:Korea
29. • Korean LG, still expanding its TV LCD plant in Mlawa and is constructing a huge factory in Wroclaw area. According to LG press release Poland will be the biggest supplier of LCD screens by the end of 2015.
30. EU-Korea Universities Consortium, 2009 -funding by the Education, Audio Visual and Culture Executive Agency of EU and Korean Ministry of Education, Science and Technology -members: stettinuniv.,cardinalstefanwyszynskiuniv,nicolauscopernicusuiv, jagiellonauniv, univ of warsaw, gdanskuniv of technology, soederstoenuni, haegaheliauniv of appplied sciences, hanyanguniv, ajouuniv and konkukuniv -summer school 2012 -”group of prof. hartmutyersin”
31. ukraine
32. Ukraine: Space Industry
33. Ukraine: Samsung R/D in Khiv, Kharkiv Ukraine represents the largest IT Outsourcing industry in Eastern Europe IT Outsourcing industry growth rate for 2009 – 13% More than 900 IT companies 18,000+ specialists involved in IT Outsourcing Ukraine has more than 800 universities and colleges Majority of Ukrainian IT specialists (est. 70%) work for American or European customers A number of Government initiatives introduced to support and promote the Ukrainian IT industry
34. ELEKS software ELEKS Software is a leading company in the Ukrainian IT industry with a diverse customer base and over a decade of experience, delivering software services and solutions for the US and European markets 470 professionals, including experts in Microsoft technologies, Java, Web, mobile, embedded development, and localization
35. 8. Conclusion -Dichotomy centre-periphery, still persisting, but ‘sub-centres’ (metropolitanization) emerging -Main factors: knowledgization (university-industry cooperation), mobility thanks to EU, recourse to potentials combined with start-ups, market potential in cee -locational advantages utilizing SOC -Utilizing low wage level and high skilled labor