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Networks: Computing in the Cold War Era and its Impact on Society

Explore the development of computing during the Cold War years and its influence on society. Investigate the conceptual advances from the military-industrial complex and how they informed the counterculture of the 1960s and 1970s. Discuss the impact of the information age, the rise of virtual reality, and the genesis of new social structures. Analyze the implications of scale-free networks and their emergence in various domains.

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Networks: Computing in the Cold War Era and its Impact on Society

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  1. NetworksA Logic of Elsewhere CHID 370/COM 302 Winter 2007

  2. Where we’ve been Development of Computing during the Cold War Years Military Industrial Complex- Developments in Hardware Developments in Userinterface Developments in Networking

  3. Cybernetics and counterculture • Investigated some of the conceptual advances from Military/Industrial Complex • Saw how they permeated and informed the counterculture during the 1960s and 1970s • Whole Earth Catalogue • If the counterculture must use the tools of the MI complex is there an outside to “the system”?

  4. Hyperreal • If there is no outside, how can we tell what is real? • Hyperreal as a stae where “values” can’t be determined • Too much information • Extension of the computer into our personal lives

  5. This ain’t your father’s reality • How a state of “real virtuality” permeates current life • Network-The genesis of new social “structures” • Identity-The possibility/challenge for new personas • Lives-New ideas about life and creation • Affect-What does it mean “to feel”

  6. Virtually real • Real virtuality significantly different than previous ways of thinking about reality. • We can’t describe it by removing ourselves from it (Descartes) • We must describe it imminently (from the inside) • The rest of the class to build these tools

  7. Manuel Castells • Geographer and Social Theorist • Informational City (1989) • Puts forward the theory of the super city • The Information Age: Economy, Society, Culture (1996-1998, rev. 2000) • Map out the dynamics of the Information Age

  8. Points to build on • Space of Flows • Information develops because of the need to regulate flows • Timeless Time • Specific sense of timelessness and spacelessness associated with this space

  9. Implications • Development and Networks • Need an industrial infrastructure • Information dependent upon industry (but wants to hide it (outsourcing) • Apparent exception cell phones • Concentration of resources within urban areas • Urban areas looking more and more “alike” • Local culture often there for packaging

  10. Non-scalar networks • Developed by social theorists and graph theorists • An emergent complex network containing many highly connected hubs • Not a uniformly distributed network

  11. How do scale free networks emerge? • Nodes are added one at a time • Probability of attachment proportional to attachee’s number of connections • Popular attachments get more popular

  12. How do scale free networks emerge? • Nodes are added one at a time • Probability of attachment proportional to attachee’s number of connections • Popular attachments get more popular

  13. How do scale free networks emerge? • Nodes are added one at a time • Probability of attachment proportional to attachee’s number of connections • Popular attachments get more popular

  14. How do scale free networks emerge? • Nodes are added one at a time • Probability of attachment proportional to attachee’s number of connections • Popular attachments get more popular

  15. How do scale free networks emerge? • Nodes are added one at a time • Probability of attachment proportional to attachee’s number of connections • Popular attachments get more popular

  16. How do scale free networks emerge? • Nodes are added one at a time • Probability of attachment proportional to attachee’s number of connections • Popular attachments get more popular

  17. How do scale free networks emerge? • Nodes are added one at a time • Probability of attachment proportional to attachee’s number of connections • Popular attachments get more popular

  18. How do scale free networks emerge? • Nodes are added one at a time • Probability of attachment proportional to attachee’s number of connections • Popular attachments get more popular

  19. Scale free networks • Human social networks • Six degrees • Sexually transmitted diseases • Nomads and genetics • Protein interactions • WWW • Airlines

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