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Splash Screen. Chapter Introduction Section 1: Living in the United States and Canada Today Section 2: Issues and Challenges Summary. Chapter Menu.

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  1. Splash Screen

  2. Chapter Introduction Section 1:Living in the United States and Canada Today Section 2:Issues and Challenges Summary Chapter Menu

  3. RegionsThe United States and Canada both have large land areas. Each has unique landforms and resources. Americans and Canadians have used their rich resources and technological skills to become leading economic powers.How might a region’s economy influence the world economy? Chapter Intro 1

  4. Section 1: Living in the United States and Canada Today Places reflect the relationship between humans and the physical environment.Both the United States and Canada are often divided into economic regions. These regions are based on similar resources and climates. People in each region have developed distinctive ways of life based on the different physical characteristics of their area. Chapter Intro 2

  5. Section 2: Issues and Challenges Cooperation and conflict among people have an effect on the Earth’s surface.The United States and Canada are peaceful neighbors, sharing the longest undefended border in the world. Landforms and weather patterns do not stop at the border, however, and environmental actions by one country can affect the other. Chapter Intro 2

  6. Chapter Intro-End

  7. Places reflect the relationship between humans and the physical environment. Section 1-Main Idea

  8. Content Vocabulary • free market • profit • stock • biotechnology • newsprint Academic Vocabulary • guarantee • media • reluctant Section 1-Key Terms

  9. A B Do you think it is safe to keep your money in a bank? A. Yes B. No Section 1-Polling Question

  10. In both the United States and Canada, many family-owned farms are struggling with competition from commercial farms and imported products. An idea that may allow small farms to survive is agritourism—or opening the farm to visitors. Farmers offer such interests as pick-your-own fruits, wagon or sleigh rides, overnight stays, horseback riding, or cattle drives. City dwellers enjoy seeing where their cereal comes from, and farmers stabilize their income. Section 1

  11. Economic Regions The United States can be organized into economic regions. Section 1

  12. Economic Regions (cont.) • In a free marketeconomy, people are free to buy, sell, and produce whatever they want, with limited government involvement. • They also can work wherever they want. United States and Canada: Regions Section 1

  13. Economic Regions (cont.) • In a free market economy, business owners produce the products they think will make the most profits, and consumers shop for the best products at the lowest prices. United States and Canada: Regions Section 1

  14. Economic Regions (cont.) • Also in a free market economy, people can buy stock, or part ownership, in a company. • When a company succeeds, it often pays some of its profits to the stockholders, but if the business fails, the stock becomes worthless. United States and Canada: Regions Section 1

  15. Economic Regions (cont.) • People can also save their money in a bank. • Because of government guarantees, some of the money is protected should a bank fail. • Although savings accounts are better protected, stocks provide a greater chance for high financial payoff. United States and Canada: Regions Section 1

  16. Economic Regions (cont.) • The economic focus of the Northeast has been on business. • New York City has many financial and media companies. Boston is an important center for biotechnologyresearch. • The Midwest’s rich soil enables farmers to grow crops such as corn, wheat, and soybeans. United States and Canada: Regions Section 1

  17. Economic Regions (cont.) • Mineral resources found here include iron ore, coal, lead, and zinc. • Beginning in the 1800s, manufacturing developed in the Midwest. • Towns like Cleveland and Detroit made steel and automobiles, but over time the factories grew outdated and many closed, taking thousands of jobs with them. United States and Canada: Regions Section 1

  18. Economic Regions (cont.) • With its rich soils, the South long relied on agriculture; today, the area has expanding cities, growing industries, and diverse population. • Houston, Dallas, and Atlanta make electrical equipment, computers, textiles, and airplane parts. United States and Canada: Regions Section 1

  19. Economic Regions (cont.) • Texas, Louisiana, and Alabama produce oil and related products. • In Florida, tourism and trade are major activities. United States and Canada: Regions Section 1

  20. Economic Regions (cont.) • The Interior West has magnificent scenery and outdoor recreation that attracts many people. • Although the region is dry, irrigation allows for some agriculture. • For many decades, mining, ranching, and lumbering were the Interior West’s main economic activities. United States and Canada: Regions Section 1

  21. Economic Regions (cont.) • Denver and Salt Lake City both have growing information technology industries. • Albuquerque and Phoenix have tourism and service industries. • In the Pacific area, fruits and vegetables are important crops for California, Oregon, and Washington. United States and Canada: Regions Section 1

  22. Economic Regions (cont.) • Sugarcane, pineapples, and coffee grow in the rich volcanic soil of Hawaii. • Fish, timber, and mineral resources are important in the Pacific area as well. • California has gold, lead, and copper, and Alaska has vast reserves of oil. United States and Canada: Regions Section 1

  23. Economic Regions (cont.) • Many industries thrive in California and Washington, including airplane manufacturing and computer software development. • Los Angeles is the world center of the movie industry. United States and Canada: Regions Section 1

  24. Economic Regions (cont.) • California, the nation’s most populous state, has wide ethnic diversity. Nearly half of its people are Latino or Asian American. United States and Canada: Regions Section 1

  25. A B C D Which is a product of Hawaii? A.Gold B.Timber C.Oil D.Sugarcane Section 1

  26. Regions of Canada With a few exceptions, Canada’s economic regions are similar to those in the United States. Section 1

  27. Regions of Canada (cont.) • Fishing was for many years a major industry in the Atlantic Provinces of Newfoundland and Labrador, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island, and New Brunswick, but overfishing has weakened the industry. • Today most people hold jobs in manufacturing, mining, and tourism. • The city of Halifax, in Nova Scotia, is a major shipping center. Section 1

  28. Regions of Canada (cont.) • Canada’s Central and Eastern Region includes the provinces of Quebec and Ontario. • The paper industry is important in Quebec, as is the creation of hydroelectric power. • Montreal, on the St. Lawrence River, is a major port and leading financial and industrial center. Section 1

  29. Regions of Canada (cont.) • Many in Quebec’s largely French-speaking population would like the province to separate from Canada. • Because of the uncertainty this creates, many outside businesses have been reluctant to invest in Quebec’s economy. Section 1

  30. Regions of Canada (cont.) • Ontario, an agricultural, manufacturing, forestry, and mining center, has the largest population and greatest wealth of Canada’s provinces. • The capital, Toronto, is Canada’s largest city and a major center of finance and business. • It is home to people from about 170 countries. Section 1

  31. Regions of Canada (cont.) • Farming and ranching are major activities in Manitoba, Saskatchewan, and Alberta. • This area produces large amounts of wheat for export and has large reserves of oil and natural gas. • British Columbia has extensive forests that help make Canada the world’s largest producer of newsprint, the paper used for printing newspapers. Section 1

  32. Regions of Canada (cont.) • Mining, fishing, and tourism also help British Columbia’s economy. • Vancouver, its capital, is Canada’s main Pacific port. • Canada’s vast North covers about one-third of the country. Section 1

  33. Regions of Canada (cont.) • This area includes the Yukon Territory, the Northwest Territories, and Nunavut. • Many of the 25,000 people in this area are indigenous peoples. • The main resources in the North are minerals such as gold and diamonds. Section 1

  34. A B C D Which province has vast forests that provide the world with newsprint? A.Quebec B.Manitoba C.British Columbia D.Alberta Section 1

  35. Section 1-End

  36. Cooperation and conflict among people have an effect on the Earth’s surface. Section 2-Main Idea

  37. Content Vocabulary • trade deficit • tariff • trade surplus • acid rain • brownfield • urban sprawl Academic Vocabulary • restrict • community Section 2-Key Terms

  38. A B C Do you think there is a way to stop urban sprawl? A. Yes B. No C.I don’t know what urban sprawl is Section 2-Polling Question

  39. Urban sprawl has caused the decline of many downtowns, but Paducah, Kentucky, responded in an innovative way. Its leaders created the Artist Relocation Program, offering monetary aid to artists who will purchase and restore old houses and open studios. So far, 70 artists are involved with the Lowertown Arts District. Paducah is again thriving, artists have ownership security and community, and other towns have new hope. Section 2

  40. The Region and the World The United States and Canada trade with countries throughout the world. Section 2

  41. The Region and the World(cont.) • The United States has the world’s largest economy and is a leader in world trade, with exports of chemicals, farm products, manufactured goods, and raw materials such as metals and cotton fiber. • Canada sends many of the same goods overseas, as well as large amounts of seafood and timber products. • Both countries are also major importers. Section 2

  42. The Region and the World (cont.) • The United States and Canada support free trade, or the removal of trade restrictions, so that goods flow freely among countries. • The United States needs more oil than it produces and depends on imports from Canada, Mexico, Venezuela, Saudi Arabia, and Nigeria. Section 2

  43. The Region and the World (cont.) • The United States spends hundreds of billions of dollars more on imports than it earns from exports, resulting in a massive trade deficit, or when a country spends more on imports than it earns from exports. • To sell their products in the United States, some nations set the prices of their goods very low. Section 2

  44. The Region and the World (cont.) • Also, some countries place high tariffs, or taxes, on imports in order to protect their own industries from foreign competition. • These tariffs then raise the price of U.S. products and thus reduce the sale of the products abroad. • Such practices hurt American companies and cost American workers their jobs. Section 2

  45. The Region and the World (cont.) • Canada enjoys a trade surplus, or earning more from exports than it spends for imports. • Canada’s smaller population makes its energy needs less costly. • Also, Canada’s export earnings have been growing. Section 2

  46. The Region and the World (cont.) • Since the early 2000s, the United States and Canada have worked to prevent terrorist attacks by increasing security along their long border and have participated in international efforts to stop terrorism. • In 2003 Canada opposed the U.S. decision to invade Iraq, urging the American government to continue seeking a peaceful solution through the United Nations (UN). Section 2

  47. The Region and the World (cont.) • The United States and Canada provide much of the UN’s funding, and they take part in UN agencies that provide aid to people in areas affected by war or natural disasters. • Both countries have sent soldiers to serve in UN forces that act as peacekeepers in troubled areas of the world. Section 2

  48. A B Did Canada support the United States’ invasion of Iraq? A.Yes B.No Section 2

  49. Environmental Issues The United States and Canada face similar environmental issues. Section 2

  50. Environmental Issues (cont.) • For energy, Americans and Canadians burn coal, oil, and natural gas, causing air pollution. • When mixed with water vapor in the air, the pollution makes acid rain. • Canada has passed laws to reduce the amount of fossil fuels that is burned. Section 2

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