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The Early Greeks

The Early Greeks. Section 1: pgs. 116-123. The Geography of Greece. Mainland Greece is a peninsula surrounded by the Ionian Sea, Mediterranean Sea, and the Aegean Sea. Ancient Greeks made a living from the sea. Many became sailors, fishers, and traders.

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The Early Greeks

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  1. The Early Greeks Section 1: pgs. 116-123

  2. The Geography of Greece • Mainland Greece is a peninsula surrounded by the Ionian Sea, Mediterranean Sea, and the Aegean Sea. • Ancient Greeks made a living from the sea. • Many became sailors, fishers, and traders. • Others settled in farming communities and grew wheat, barley, olives, and grapes.

  3. Respond in complete sentences:Textbook page 117 • Describe the geography of ancient Greece. • Why is mainland Greece considered a peninsula? • How did the ancient Greeks adapt to their environment? • How did geography discourage Greek unity?

  4. I. Describe the Geography of Greece? (p. 117) • A. Mainland peninsula surrounded by 3 seas: Ionian Sea • Mediterranean Sea • Aegean Sea • B.400 islands the largest being Crete and Rhodes • C. Terrain—mountainous and rocky • D. Climate- mild • E. Crops– grew wheat, barley, olives, & grapes • Herded- sheep & goats • Occupations besides farming—fishers, sailors, & traders • Greek communities grew up independent because • the mountains and seasdivided them from one another.

  5. The Minoans • The Minoans earned their living by building ships and trading. • The Minoans were not Greeks, but their civilization was the first to arise in the region that later became Greece (on the island of Crete). • In 1900, Arthur Evans discovered the ruins of the grand palace at Knossos. • This palace revealed the riches of the ancient society and had been the center of the Minoan civilization.

  6. The Palace at Knossos

  7. The Minoans (p. 118) • The Minoans lived on the island of Crete, on which was discovered a palace at Knossosthat revealed the wealth of the society. The palace was discovered by archaeologist Arthur Evans. B. Minoans got rich by building ships made of oakand cedartrees and then trading their goods. They controlled the eastern Mediterranean Sea and kept the sea free ofpirates. C. Why did the Minoan civilization collapse? 1. Undersea earthquakes causing giant waves 2. Cities were destroyed by a group of Greeks from mainland (invaders were called Mycenaean).

  8. The First Greek Kingdoms • Mycenaeans built the first Greek kingdoms and spread their power across the Mediterranean region. • Read textbook page 119 and answer the following questions: • 1. Where were the Mycenaeans originally from and how did the people of this civilization get their name? • Describe the Mycenaean kingdoms. • How did the Minoans influence the Mycenaeans? Provide specific examples.

  9. The Trojan War • Greek mythology is the body of myths and legends belonging to the ancient Greeks concerning their gods, heroes, and the nature of the world. • In the Illiad, a prince of Troy kidnaps the wife of the king of Sparta, Helen. The kidnapping outrages the Greeks. The king of Mycenae, Agamemnon, and brother of the king of Sparta lead the Greeks in an attack on Troy. The war is among the most important events in Greek mythology, and was narrated in many works of Greek literature, including the Iliad and the Odyssey by Homer. • The battle for Troy drags on for ten years until…

  10. The Greeks built a huge, hollow, wooden horse. Greeks believed the Iliad and Odyssey were more than stories…they looked on the epics as real history.

  11. What was the Dark Age?Read textbook page 120 • Explain how the Mycenaean civilization collapsed. 2. How did Greek culture spread? 3. What changes occurred during Greece’s Dark Age?.

  12. Colonies-Groups of people who lived apart from, but kept ties with, Greece

  13. Polis- A city-state in ancient Greece.

  14. City-state or polis Acropolis Agora Located on a peninsula of Peloponnesus Helots-slaves (7:1) 7 slaves to every one person Boys trained at 7 to be soldiers Girls were trained to produce strong children Sparta: Military & Strength

  15. City-state or polis Acropolis Agora Located on a peninsula of Attica Girls stayed at home with their mothers, weaved clothing, worked on the farms Boys went to school and then wrestled in sports Boys worked on farms and pottery shops Democracy-rule by the people All citizens should have a voice Athens: Education & Government

  16. Acropolis- a large hill where city residents could seek shelter in times of war.

  17. Agora-a clearing where farmers and craft workers would gather to trade with each other. It served as both a market place and a meeting place.

  18. Lo Siento, Muchachas!

  19. Citizens-males who were born in Greece and had rights and responsibilities in their polis.

  20. Government

  21. Word  Peninsula Reminding Sentence  A large peninsula called the Peloponnesus lies to the southwest of Attica. Reminding Picture Definition An area of land almost entirely surrounded by water. Reminding Word

  22. Word Reminding Sentence (must have reminding word and definition in the sentence) Reminding Picture Definition Reminding Word (should be contained in the vocabulary word or at least rhyme with it)

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