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HW # 83- Vocabulary Booklet (due Friday) HW TOC will be collected FRIDAY 3/15

Week 25, Day Three. HW # 83- Vocabulary Booklet (due Friday) HW TOC will be collected FRIDAY 3/15 Complete your notes. Warm up What is the significance of “pie/ π” day? . Warm up Response .

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HW # 83- Vocabulary Booklet (due Friday) HW TOC will be collected FRIDAY 3/15

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  1. Week 25, Day Three HW # 83- Vocabulary Booklet (due Friday) HW TOC will be collected FRIDAY 3/15 Complete your notes. Warm up What is the significance of “pie/ π” day?

  2. Warm up Response Pi is a name given to the ratio of the circumference of a circle to the diameter Explained on You tube

  3. Homework Response/Check • Did you work on your vocabulary booklet?

  4. Goals for Today • Evolution Notes

  5. Evolution Notes

  6. Part 1

  7. Charles Darwin • Born in England • Traveled around on HMS Beagle - Set Sail in 1831 • Collected many specimens • Father of the idea of Evolution

  8. Voyage of The Beagle

  9. Darwin & The Galapagos • Galapagos Islands are a small group of islands 1000km west of South America • Studied Tortoises and Finches on the islands. • Used geography of islands and differentiation of species to figure out evolution

  10. Galapagos Islands

  11. Galapagos Islands • Although they were closetogether, the islands had very different climates. • The smallest,lowest islands were hot, dry, and nearly barren. • Hood Island - sparse vegetation. • The higher islands had greaterrainfall and a different assortment of plants and animals. • Isabela Island - rich vegetation • Allowed for different species of the same animal --> formed through evolution!

  12. Galapagos Finches

  13. Galapagos Finches

  14. Galapagos Tortoises

  15. Galapagos Blue-Footed Booby • Male dances and shows its feet to the female to attract her • Female chooses male with brightest feet and best dance • Sexual selection! • Sexual selection is a trait or behavior that acts on an organism's ability to obtain a mate

  16. Darwin’s Thoughts • On his travel home, he began to think of his observations. • He found…characteristics of many animals and plants varied noticeably among thedifferent islands of the Galapagos • According to this hypothesis, these separatespecies would have evolved from an original SouthAmerican ancestor species after becoming isolated fromone another

  17. Inherited Variation and Natural Selection • Darwin noted that plant andanimal breeders used heritable variation, whatwe now call genetic variation, to improve cropsand livestock. • Artificialselection: nature provided the variation, andhumans selected those variations that theyfound useful. • A.K.A Selective Breeding

  18. Better Picture of Artificial Selection

  19. Natural Selection • Each organism has different advantages and disadvantages • Individual best suited for environment survive and REPRODUCE • Pass these traits onto offspring, and they are more able to survive and reproduce • Occurs only when a few survive • Remember: differences (genes) in offspring occur at random!

  20. Darwin’s Concept of Evolution • Biggest contribution is his idea of the mechanism behind Evolution • The Struggle for Existence • Survival of the Fittest • Descent with Modification

  21. Struggle For Existence • Struggle for existence:means that members of each speciescompete regularly to obtain food, living space, and other necessities of life. • Predators that are faster win • Prey that are better camouflaged or protected win

  22. Survival of the Fittest • Fitness: ability of an individualto survive and reproduce in its specific environment. • Result of adaptations • Adaptation: any inherited characteristic that increases anorganisms chance of survival

  23. Survival of the Fittest • Survival of the Fittest: the idea that individuals that arebetter suited to their environment survive and reproduce more successfully • A.K.A. Natural selection

  24. Descent with Modification • Natural selection produces organisms that havedifferent structures • Descent with modification: each living species has descended, with changes,from other species over time

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