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HVDC Network as Infrastructure for Smart SAARC Power Grid

Netra Gyawali, PhD (Associate Professor) IOE, Pulchowk Campus, TU. HVDC Network as Infrastructure for Smart SAARC Power Grid . Contents. Background Key Attributes of High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) Transmission HVDC Transmission: Configuration and Modalities

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HVDC Network as Infrastructure for Smart SAARC Power Grid

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  1. Netra Gyawali, PhD (Associate Professor) IOE, Pulchowk Campus, TU HVDC Network as Infrastructure for Smart SAARC Power Grid

  2. Contents Background Key Attributes of High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) Transmission HVDC Transmission: Configuration and Modalities HVDC Transmission: World Picture HVDC Transmission: SAARC Context HVDC Network in SAARC: Possibilities Conclusions

  3. Background Requirement of Modern Transmission GRID • Effective ( Functions as desired) • Speed and accuracy • Efficient (Low Loss) • Asset Management (Optimum use the asset) • Resilience • Interoperability • Accommodate Large Scale Renewable Power

  4. Key HVDC Attributes • No reactive losses • Provision for high cable length • Lower electrical losses • Accommodate Renewable Power • BTB connection • Better Voltage Ride through Capability • The Power Flow on an HVDC link is Fully Controllable (Fast and Accurate) • The operator or automatic controller determines how much power flows via the link and in which direction Irrespective of the interconnected AC system conditions

  5. Key HVDC Attributes • An HVDC Link is asynchronous • The ac voltage and frequency in the two ac networks can be controlled independently of each other • No need for common frequency control • The HVDC link can be used to improve the dynamic conditions in both of the interconnected ac networks (power system damping) • Can be controlled independently of AC system variations • HVDC links do not increase the Short Circuit Level of the connected systems • Faults and oscillations don’t transfer across HVDC interconnected systems • Firewall against cascading outages

  6. Key HVDC Attributes • HVDC can transport energy economically and efficiently over longer distances than ac lines or cables • Increased Transmission Capacity in a fixed corridor Up to 3 times more power per tower, therefore narrower rights of way

  7. Key HVDC Attributes

  8. Key HVDC Attributes Source: IEEE Magazine 2008

  9. Key HVDC Attributes

  10. HVDC Transmission: Concept Source: IEEE Magazine 2008

  11. HVDC Configurations

  12. HVDC Transmission: Concept Natural Commutation Based HVDC • Thyristor or mercury-arc valves • Reactive power source needed • Large harmonic filters needed

  13. HVDC Transmission: Concept VSC Based HVDC • Natural Commutation Based HVDC • IGBT valves • P and Q (or U) control • Can feed in passive networks • Smaller footprint • Less filters needed

  14. HVDC Transmission: Configuration Source: IEEE Magazine 2008

  15. Source: VG Rao 2005

  16. NORMAL POWER DIRECTION Source: VG Rao 2005

  17. REVERSE POWER OPERATION

  18. HVDC Transmission: Working

  19. HVDC Transmission: Working

  20. Overview of HVDC applications

  21. HVDC Transmission: World Picture

  22. HVDC Transmission: Some Examples Norway Netherland Line

  23. HVDC Transmission: Some Examples The first HVDC Light transmission

  24. HVDC Transmission: Some Examples VSC HVDC example: troll (north sea) • Commissioning year: 2005 • Power rating: 2 x 42 MW AC Voltage:132 kV at Kollsnes, 56 kV at Troll • DC Voltage: +/- 60 kV • DC Current: 350 A • Length of DC cable:4 x 70 km

  25. Brazil Argentina HVDC line

  26. HVDC Transmission Philippines

  27. HVDC Transmission: Some Examples

  28. HVDC Network in SAARC (BTB Link) NR ER ER SR SR Source power grid India

  29. HVDC LINKS IN SAARC (India)

  30. HVDC IN INDIA Bipolar Source power grid India

  31. SAARC HVDC Link: Possibilities • India-Pakistan • Nepal-India • Srilanka-India • Bangladesh-India • Bhutan-India • Afghan-Pakistan

  32. Conclusions • HVDC transmission has number of benefits for bulk power transmission; namely efficiency, resilience, interoperability etc. • In short distance, BTB HVDC provides smart link for frequency conversion and renewable power integration. • In SAARC Country, the development of HVDC is only limited to India. For cross-border transmission link, HVDC is a good candidate. • Combining with FACTS technology, HVDC provides a infrastructure of the future Smart Transmission Grid for SAARC.

  33. References • Understanding Facts: Concepts and Technology of Flexible AC Transmission Systems, Narain G. Hingorani, Laszlo Gyugyi • Flexible AC transmission systems, Song & Johns • Thyristor-based FACTS controllers for electrical transmission systems, MathurVama

  34. Thank you for your Attention

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