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Chapter 30: Revolution and Nationalism 1900-1939

Chapter 30: Revolution and Nationalism 1900-1939. Revolutions is Russia Unrest in Russia erupted in revolution to produce the first Communist government Czars cracked down on anyone who seemed to threaten their government

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Chapter 30: Revolution and Nationalism 1900-1939

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  1. Chapter 30: Revolution and Nationalism 1900-1939 • Revolutions is Russia • Unrest in Russia erupted in revolution to produce the first Communist government • Czars cracked down on anyone who seemed to threaten their government • Oppressed all non- Russian peoples who lived within the empire; especially Jews • When Czar Nicholas II was in power he launched a program aimed at building up Russia’s industry • Russia Quickly became a leading producer of steel in the world • They had severely poor working conditions

  2. Angry Workers • Workers were angry because of poor working conditions, low wages, and children being forced to work • The people split into two groups • The main group was The Bolsheviks – led by Vladimir Lenin

  3. WWI • The suffering caused by WWI was the final blow against the czar’s rule • Russia had four million soldiers killed, wounded or captured • The czar lost control of Russia • Soldiers refused to fight • Prices shot ski high • People starved • In March of 1917 almost 200000 workers took to the streets to protest high prices • Soldiers sot into the crowd • Later they fired at their officers and joined the protest • The Czar was forced to step down • A year later he and his family were executed

  4. Alexander Kerenksy • Kerensky formed a new government • He hoped to keep Russia in the war • The decision cost him the support of the soldiers • They wanted to fight no more and the workers wanted an end to the food shortage • Across the country these forces formed local counsels called SOVIETS • Some soviets had real power over the government

  5. Lenin • Returned to Russia determined to bring about his revolution • His slogan “Peace, land, Bread • In November 1917 armed workers took control of government offices • The Kerensky reign was ended • To win peasants support Lenin ordered all farmland to be given to them • Workers were given control of the factories • Lenin agreed to a peace treaty with Germany • Gave away large amounts of Russian land

  6. Lenin • The forces opposed to Lenin's revolution – supported by the Allies who fought Germany tried to defeat Lenin's army in battle • The civil war lasted three years • the fighting and the famine that followed it killed 14 MILLION Russians • In the End Lenin's Red Army WON • In 1921Lenin Launched a new Plan to rebuild the Russian economy • It allowed for some private ownership of property • Changed the government to forma new nation – The Soviet Union • Run by leaders of the Communist Party • By the late 1920’s the Soviet economy had come back • Farms and factories were producing as much as they had before WWI

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