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Diction Project

diction . word choice, general character of language used by the authorwords have three levels to them and are selected based on their efficiency in these three areas1. appearance2. sound3. meaning. mono vs. poly syllabic. definition: one syllable vs. multiple syllablesmono syllabic example:

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Diction Project

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    1. Diction Project

    2. diction word choice, general character of language used by the author words have three levels to them and are selected based on their efficiency in these three areas 1. appearance 2. sound 3. meaning

    3. mono vs. poly syllabic definition: one syllable vs. multiple syllables mono syllabic example: “There was a lot to do. How are you?” (A Farewall to Arms, pg. 136) poly syllabic example: “The stillness of the consequent on the cessation of the rumbling and laboring of the coach…”(A Tale of Two Cities, pg. 18)

    4. cacophonous vs. euphonious definition: diction that sounds harsh or grating vs. pleasant-sounding diction cacophonous example: “…showed him the lines of cruelty round the mouth as if he had been looking into a mirror after he had done some dreadful thing.” (The Picture of Dorian Gray, pg. 78) euphonious example: “The quivering ardent sunlight” (The Picture of Dorian Gray, pg. 78)

    5. literal vs. figurative (cliché) definition: example:

    6. denotative vs. connotative definition: exact meaning vs. suggested, emotional meaning denotative example: “They continue to bleed my household white” (The Odyssey, pg. 85) connotative example: “It’s time to help me home” (The Odyssey, pg. 245)

    7. pedestrian vs. pedantic definition: layman’s terms vs. boorish, inflated language attempting to display importance pedestrian example: “I was over the whole surfer/rock star thing…” (“Beating Expectations”) pedantic example: “The Joke Proper, which turns on sudden perception of incongruity, is a much more promising field.” (The Screwtape Letters)

    8. objective vs. subjective definition: impersonal, unemotional vs. personal and emotional objective example: “I took up the knife and cracked off the cap of my egg.” (The Bell Jar, pg. 216) subjective example: “‘Oh my dear Dinah! I wonder if I shall ever see you anymore!’ And here poor Alice began to cry again, for she felt very lonely and low-spirited.” (Alice in Wonderland, pg. 39)

    9. active vs. passive definition: states action vs. states being active example: “The birds jumped on to their perches, the animals settled down into their straw…” (Animal Farm, pg. 34) passive example: “My family had been prominent, well-to-do people in this Middle Western city for three generations” (The Great Gatsby, pg. 3)

    10. concrete vs. abstract (specific vs. general) definition: specific, tangible things vs. philosophical, conceptual things concrete example: “Another time we were loading diesel motors onto freight cars” (Night, pg. 54) abstract example: “under the supervision” (Night, pg. 54)

    11. hyperbole (overstated) vs. understated definition: example:

    12. non standard definition: example:

    13. vulgarity definition: lacking taste and refinement example: “‘I said come here nigger, and bust up this chiffarobe for me, I gotta nickel for you.’” (To Kill a Mockingbird, pg. 180)

    14. slang definition: vernacular speech, sometimes humorous, shortened for effect example: “One of my cursed grazhny bratties chained me on the glazzies.” (A Clockwork Orange, pg. 165).

    15. colloquial definition: language of a certain region or area example: “Why the devil don’t you?” (Tale of Two Cities, pg. 164)

    16. jargon definition: example:

    17. cliché definition: language used so often, it has lost its freshness and clarity. example: “As a country preacher said, 'What the mind can conceive, and the heart can believe, your body can achieve.' Keep your eyes on the prize.’” (“Keep Your Eyes on the Prize”)

    18. informal/standard definition: correct but conversational example: “‘I’ll send your English girl. Good-by baby. The cognac is under the bed. Get well soon.’” (A Farewell to Arms, pg. 65)

    19. formal (literate) definition: ): appropriate for more formal occasions, often more abstract example: “The evil of the actual disparity of their ages (for Mr. Woodhouse had not married early) was much increased by his constitution and habits; for having been a valetudinarian all his life…” (Emma, pg. 5)

    20. assonance definition: repetition of vowel sounds example: “I know where Pedro Tercero Garcia is.” (In the House of Spirits, pg. 204)

    21. dissonance definition: repetition of a consonant sound example: “My dad’s dead.” (Lord of the Flies, pg. 13)

    22. consonance definition: example:

    23. alliteration definition: repetition of initial consonant sound in closely associated words. example: “How silver-sweet sound lovers’ tongues by night, Like softest music to attending ears” (Romeo and Juliet, lines 176-177)

    24. onomatopoeia definition: a word in which the pronunciation suggests the meaning example: “And what do the birds say? All there is to say about a massacre, things like ‘Poo-tee-weet?’” (Slaughterhouse-Five, pg. 24)

    25. work cited Allende, Isabel. The House of the Spirits. Trans. Magda Bogin. New York: Bantam, 1986. Austen, Jane. Emma. New York: Pocket Classics, 2005. Burgess, Anthony. A Clockwork Orange. New York: W.W. Norton, 1995. Carroll, Lewis. Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland. New York: New American Library, 2000. Colligan, Kerry. "Keep Your Eyes On The Prize." University Record Online. 28 Jan. 1998. The University of Michigan. 5 Oct. 2008 <http://www.ur.umich.edu/9798/jan28_98/page.htm>. Dickens, Charles, and Frederick Busch. A Tale of Two Cities. New York: Signet Classics, 1997. Fitzgerald, F. Scott. The Great Gatsby. New York: Schuster, Simon, 2004. Golding, William, and E. L. Epstein. Lord of the Flies. New York: Perigee Trade, 2001 Hemingway, Ernest. A Farewell to Arms. New York: Simon & Schuster, 2003. Homer. The Odyssey. London: Penguin Books, 1996. Lee, Harper. To Kill a Mockingbird. Philadelphia: Harper & Row Publishers, 1982. Lewis, Clive Staples. The Screwtape Letters. New York City: Harper Collins Publishers, 1996. Mauro, Chris. "Beating Expectations." Surfer Apr. 2005: 36. Orwell, George. Animal Farm. New York: Penguin Books, 1996. Plath, Sylvia. The Bell Jar. New York: HarperCollins Publishers, 2006. Shakespeare, William. Romeo and Juliet. New York: Washington Square Press, 1992. Vonnegut, Kurt. Slaugherhouse-Five. New York: Random House, 2005. Wiesel, Elie. Night. Trans. Marion Wiesel. New York: Hill & Wang, 2006. Wilde, Oscar. The Picture of Dorian Gray. New York: Ann Arbor Media Group, LLC, 2006.

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