IRIDE: The Photon Machine

1. IRIDE: The Photon Machine Luca Serafini, Fabio Villa - INFN/Milano, INFN/LNF WG2 Conveners • High Power High Quality Optical Photon Beams as Converters of Electron Beams Brightness into High Brilliance (X/) Photon Beams via high efficiency Compton/Thomson back-scattering of new generation (photons/electron >>1) • Two main cathegories of Optical Photon Beams: Amplified Pulsed Lasers (J-class, 100 Hz) Enhanced CW Lasers in Fabry-Perot Cav. (mJ-class, 100 MHz) • Luminosity Issues for Nuclear Photonics, -g Colliders and e- Colliders

2. Some Basics of Inverse Compton Scatteringin the Thomson Limit a e- lL energy = Ee= gme q lX • Normal Compton Scattering the photon has higher energy than the electron • The inverse process has the Thomson cross-section when • The scattered photon satisfies the undulator equation with period lL/2for head-on collisions lX = lL (1+a02/2+gq) 4g2 • Therefore, the x-ray energy decreases substantially at an angle1/g

3. ELI-NP x1=0.02 Thomson (elastic) negligible recoil Classical Synchrotron radiation in e.m. undulator Quantum Effects Dominant Intermediate zone Relative deviation of Compton vs. Thomson frequency/wavelength IRIDE Sapphire e- (1 GeV); l0=1µm lT=6 x10-8µm, ET=20 MeV e- (200 MeV); l0=1µm lT=1.56 x10-6µm, ET=800 KeV e- (29 MeV); l0=0.8µm lT=0.5 x10-4µm, ET=20 KeV

4. SAPPHiRE: a Small gg Higgs Factory (courtesy Frank Zimmerman) scale ~ European XFEL, about 10-20k Higgs per year SAPPHiRE: Small Accel. for Photon-Photon Higgs prod. using Recirculating Electrons

5. EuroGammas Proposal for ELI-NP-GBS

6. EuroGammas Proposal for ELI-NP-GBS

8. Quantumshift DE in quasi-Thomson limit • CAIN • Comp_Cross • TSST A part from the quantum shift, the spectra are very similar

9. Angular and Frequency Spectrum(560 MeV electrons)

10. Efficiency of Compton Conversion • What happens to electron beam after scattering • Polarization of g-ray beam • Emittance of g-ray beam

11. Scattered photons in collision x’ s’low s’=s/b s s’high b z x seq Thomson cross-section • Scattered flux • Luminosity as in HEP collisions • Many photons, electrons • Focus tightly electrons laser

14. Classical Syncr. Radiation from undulators

15. Angular and spectral distribution of the TS radiation in the case of 3 ps laser pulse (12.5 µm beam waist)Linear Thomson Scattering

16. ELI

17. Efficiency of Compton Conversion • What happens to electron beam after scattering • Polarization of g-ray beam • Emittance of g-ray beam

19. Efficiency of Compton Conversion • What happens to electron beam after scattering • Polarization of g-ray beam (99% in quasi-Thomson Limit) • no need of polarized electron beam! • Emittance of g-ray beam (Sqrt[2]*electron beam emittance) • in Thomson Limit: g-ray beam focusability as for e- beam

20. Amplified Pulsed Lasers (J-class, 100 Hz)

21. Laser Recirculator

23. Enhanced CW Lasers in Fabry-Perot Cav. (mJ-class, 100 MHz) LALMightyLaserexperiment at KEK-ATF non-planar high finesse four mirror Fabry-Perot cavity; first Compton collisions observed in October 2010 I. Chaikovska, N. Delerue, A. Variola, F. Zomer et al Vacuum vessel for Fabry-Perot cavity installed at ATF Optical system used for laser power amplification and to inject laser into FPC Plan: improve laser and FPC mirrors & gain several orders Comparison of measured and simulated gamma-ray energy spectra from Compton scattering Gamma ray spectrum for different FPC stored laser power I. Chaikovska, PhD thesis to be published

24. passive optical cavity → relaxed laser parameters K. Moenig et al, DESY Zeuthen

25. Mighty Laser 100 kW 100 MHz (1 mJ) Mighty Laser ultimate 1 MW 100 MHz (10 mJ) HHG-Japan 1 kW 10 MHz (0.1 mJ)

26. Nuclear Photonics

27. Colliders ELI-NP like

28. VUV frequency comb generation based on Yb-doped fiber lasers and its application for comb spectroscopyAkira Ozawa and Yohei Kobayashi The Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, Japan and Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), JST, Japan ozawa@issp.u-tokyo.ac.jp yohei@issp.u-tokyo.ac.jp

29. Laser system for high harmonic generation at 10MHz CPA system with Yb fiber laser Cavity enhanced HHG can be driven at 10 MHz repetition rate

30. Laser system for high harmonic generation at 10MHz Amplifier (20W) 10MHz Yb fiber oscillator FROG trace Achieved: 20W, 200fs, 10MHz 2uJ stretcher preamplifiers power amplifier compressor oscillator

31. Large-scale external cavity for intracavity HHG ~15ｍ

32. Vibration and sound isolation for external cavity ~17 m ~4.5m 4-mirrors bow-tie cavity (30m cavity length) ~15 m ~15m

33. HHG with 30m enhancement cavity (1kW, 200fs, 10 MHz) MgO Outcoupling plate Gas-nozzle for HHG

34. CONCLUSION:there is certainly a further chance for optimization with Quasi-CW Beams, running at a few MHz, matched to a10 MHz FP Cavity in asymmetric modeWorking Group, tomorrow….i) interaction regions for e-g, -gii) injector portfolioiii) parallel implementation of FP cavities and amplified recirculated lasersiv) comparison with self-excited (FELs?) opt. cavities

35. Envelopes of the laser beam (dotted line), first electron beam (for Compton back-scattering, dashed) deflected after collision with laser to clear the second electron beam (solid line). laser envelope envelope of first electron beam deflected x [mm] Laser intensity distribution and first electron bunch at Compton back-scattering Collision point collision point second electron beam envelope to collision incoming gamma photon beam envelope z [mm]

36. Enlarged view (zoomed out over 1 cm in z and +-200 microns in x) to show laser envelope clearance and deflecting dipole poles (0.3 T B field applied). laser envelope x [mm] envelope of first electron beam deflected collision point second electron beam envelope to collision incoming gamma photon beam envelope z [mm]