Dì yī kè Nǐ hǎo 第一课你好

Dì yī kèNǐ hǎo第一课你好 Lesson One Hello

声母：final/vowel韵母：initial/consonant • ɑ ɑi er ɑo ɑn en ɑnɡ i u in iu uan • b ba bai bao ban ben bang bi bu • m ma mai mao man men mang mi mu min • f fa fan fen fang fu • d da dai dao dan dang di du diu duan • l la lai lao lan lang li lu lin liu luan • n na nai nao nan nang ni nu nin niu nuan • h ha hai hao han hen hang hu huan • j ji jin jiu • q qi qin qiu • sh sha shai shao shan shen shang shi shu shuan • s sa sai sao san sen sang si su suan • z za zai zao zan zen zang zi zu zuan

汉语的音节构成Chinese syllable structure • 汉语的音节一般由声母、韵母和声调三个部分构成。例如：lǎo、shī两个音节，它们的构成如下： • Chinese syllables are made up of three components: initial consonant, vowel, and tone. Take the two syllable “lǎo、shī ”for example, • 声母：l sh • 韵母：ɑo i • 声调：ˇ ˉ • the structure is composed of initial consonants “l”and “sh”, vowels “ao”and “i”, and the tones “ ˇ ” and “ ˉ ”.

声调：Tones • 汉语普通话有四个基本声调：第一声、第二声、第三声、第四声，分别用声调符号标作： ˉ ' ˇ ˋ There are four possible tones for every syllable in Mandarin: first tone, second tone, third tone, fourth tone, and indicated as ˉ 'ˇˋ. 声调不同，表达的意义不同。例如： • mā má mǎ mà • bā bá bǎ bà • Within the same syllable, different tones represent different meanings, for example:

声调标注Marking tones • 1.韵母只有一个时，标注在它的上边。例如：nǐ wǒ tā • When there is only one vowel, the tone mark appears over it. • 2.韵母是复韵母时，按下列顺序标注： • When there are two vowels in a syllable, follow these rules: • 1）有ɑ时标注在ɑ的上边。例如：zǎo、shàng。 • Sometimes the tone mark is over “a”, as in “zǎo、shàng”. • 2）没有ɑ时标注在o、e的上边。例如：wǒ、kè。 • Where“a”is not in the syllable, the tone mark is placed on top of “o”and “e”. • 3）i、u并列时标注在后一个音节上。例如：jiǔ、guì • When “i”and “u”are put together, mark the tone on the last vowel, as “jiǔ”and “guì”. • 另外，当i单独作韵母的时侯，上边的点要去掉，然后标注声调。例如：nǐ。 • In addition to the above, when “i”is the only vowel in a syllable, the tone mark is placed on “i”without the dot, e.g. “nǐ”.

认读（Rèndú ）Identify the characters and read

变调：Change of tone • 两个第三声音节连读时，前一个要读成第二声。例如： • When a third tone precedes another third tone, the first third tone becomes second tone, for example: “ Nǐ hǎo → Ní hǎo ”. • Nǐ hǎo → Ní hǎo

轻声 The Neutral Tone • 汉语中有些音节不带声调，念得很轻，很短。这样的音节就叫轻声。在拼写中，轻声音节不标调号。例如： • A syllable pronounced light and fast without tone is called the neutral tone syllable, it is not marked with a tone. For example: • nǐmen wǒmen zǎoshɑnɡ wǎnshɑnɡ (nǐ)ne (hǎo)mɑ

词语 CíyǔWords 请翻到第1页Turn to page1我念，你们念 Read after me • 课文 kèwén Text • 会话一 Dialogue one: • 你好Nǐ hǎo Hello • 会话二 Dialogue two: • 早上好Zǎoshɑng hǎo Good morning • 会话三 Dialogue three: • 您早Nín zǎoGood morning • 会话四 Dialogue four: • 晚上好Wǎnshɑng hǎoGood evening • 会话五 Dialogue five: • 晚安Wǎn’ ānGood night

拼写规则：Spelling Rules • 1．i、u、ü自成音节时前边加y、w、y。例如： • When i、u、ü are used alone, y、u、y are added before them. e.g.: • i —→ yi u —→ wu ü —→ yu • 2. 以i、u、ü开头的音节分别写成y-、w-、yu-。例如： • Syllables beginning with i、u、ü are written with y-、w-、yu- as initials. • iɑ —→ yɑ uɑ —→ wɑ üe —→ yue • iɑn —→yɑn uɑi —→wɑi üɑn —→yuɑn • 3. iou、uei、uen和声母相拼时，要去掉中间的元音字母 • 分别写成iu、ui、un。例如： • When iou、uei、uen are spelled with initials, the vowel in the middle of the syllable will be taken out. For example: • jiou—→jiu guei—→gui • 4. ü和j、q、x相拼时，ü上两点要去掉。例如： • When ü is used with j、q、x，the dots over ü will be taken off. Example: • jü—→ ju qü —→ qu xü —→ xu

练习（二）四声唱读Read aloud the four tones • lāo láo lǎo lào lǎo • shū shú shǔ shù shǔ lǎoshǔ老鼠mouse • bāo báo bǎo bào bāo shūbāo书包book bag • mā má mǎ mà mǎ马horse • māo máo mǎo mào māo猫 cat • shī shí shǐ shì shī shīzi狮子lion shì shìzi柿子persimmon

练习（二）四声唱读 • jiū jiú jiǔ jiù jiǔ 酒wine • jī jí jǐ jì jī 鸡chicken • dāo dáo dǎo dào dāo 刀 knife • shēn shén shěn shèn shèn肾kidney • hū hú hǔ hù hù • shī shí shǐ shì shì hùshi护士nurse • mī mí mǐ mì mǐ • fān fán fǎn fàn fàn mǐfàn米饭rice

练习: Exercise 请翻到第8页 Turn to page8 • （三）辨音biànyīn • Differentiate sounds • （四）辨调biàndiào • Differentiate tones • （五）音节连读yīnjiéliándú • Read the syllables (within each word unit) in a continuous manner

听力练习: Listeningexercise 请翻到第10页 Turn to page 10 • 我念，你们听 • I read, you all listen. • 一边听一边做练习 • Listen and then write what you hear.

汉字书写练习Practise writing Chinese characters: • 一 → 一 • 二 → 一二 • 三 → 一二三 • 四 → • 五 → • 六 → • 七 → 一七 • 八 → ノ八 • 九 → ノ九 • 十 → 一十

名字书写练习 • 让我们来学习一下怎么写你们的名字？ • Let’s study how to write your names? • 跟我念，跟我写. • Read after me，write after me.

作业Homework • 第9页，练习（六）、练习（七） Page 9, exercise6 and exercise7 • 熟读本课词语和课文 Read the words and texts fluently • 预习第2课 Preview Lesson 2

下课！Class is over. • 谢谢大家! Thank you! • 再见! Goodbye!

Dì yī kè Nǐ hǎo 第一课你好