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STRENGTHENING PP governance for resilient water resources

STRENGTHENING PP governance for resilient water resources. A case of Pani Panchayat in Odisha: a building block for a Green Climate Fund Project. Regional Dialogue Bangkok 4 th -6 th March 2019. Dr. Ashok Kumar Singha, CEO, CTRAN Consulting.

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STRENGTHENING PP governance for resilient water resources

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  1. STRENGTHENING PP governance for resilient water resources A case of Pani Panchayat in Odisha: a building block for a Green Climate Fund Project Regional Dialogue Bangkok 4th-6th March 2019 Dr. Ashok Kumar Singha, CEO, CTRAN Consulting www.ctranconsulting.com

  2. Climate change and impact on water sector in Odisha • About 54 percent of India faces high to extremely high water stress • 16 percent of our ground water wells are decreasing by more than one meter per year and will become critical soon • With a global mean warming of 2°C above pre-industrial levels, food water requirements in India will exceed green water availability. • Odisha as per the latest version of its SAPCC is likely to see a rise of rise in max temp by 0.4-1.2 deg C and min temp 0.3 to 2.7 deg C; rainfall is likely to be quite variable having a range from -4.6% to +25.7% in districts. [Under RCP 4.5 mid-century) Odisha receives about 1200 mm in southern coastal plain to about 1700 mm in northern plateau. 65% of its arable area is rainfed Ground water condition is currently fine but projected to be critical by mid century www.ctranconsulting.com

  3. Problem context • Odisha receives significant amount of rainfall but in yield gap in major crops is more than 10-20%. • Odisha faces frequent droughts and flood events • Odisha’s agriculture is least diversified result: price shocks, crop loss and distress sale. Higher the diversification-higher the income Economic Survey, 2018 www.ctranconsulting.com

  4. Challenges • 65% of the total work force and contributes 26% of the net state domestic product. • Cropping during Rabi season is mainly confined to irrigated areas or areas with residual moisture • Potential salinity due to low conjunctive use • Large number of small holders • Reducing gap between Irrigation Potential Created and Utilized. (gap is from 40-60%), medium and minor having higher gaps • Improving efficiency in irrigation projects and increasing water productivity • Big dams have bigger problems vs decentralized tank based system • Supporting development of sustainable local institutions for maintenance and management of irrigation systems www.ctranconsulting.com

  5. Irrigation potential unmet IPC: Irrigation potential created, IPU: Irrigation Potential Utilised www.ctranconsulting.com

  6. Pani Panchayat and functions • Pani Panchayat, a water-user collective. The Orissa Farmers Management Irrigation Act of 2002 provides for the establishment of farmers organizations in all the irrigation systems, for their operation and maintenance. It has been subsequently amended in 2008. www.ctranconsulting.com

  7. Role of Pani Panchayat • To prepare cropping programme considering the soil and agro climatic condition with due regards to crop diversification. • To prepare a plan for the maintenance of irrigation system in the area of its operation at the end of the  each crop season and carry out the maintenance works with the funds of the PaniPanchayats from time to time. • To regulate the use of water among the various pipe outlets under its area of its operation according to the warabandi schedule of the system. • To promote economy in the use of water allotted. • To assist the Revenue and Disaster Management Department in the preparation of demand and collection of water rates except EC aided projects and L.I projects where the farmers collect water tax among themselves. • To resolve the disputes, if any, between the members and water users in its area of operation and to raise resources. www.ctranconsulting.com

  8. Status of Pani Panchayat in Odisha as on 2018 54% of the total irrigated area of the state have PPs www.ctranconsulting.com

  9. solutions change in planning and water governance by PP • Key Focus of our strategy: Focus on Rabi cropping & promote conjunctive use • Key elements: www.ctranconsulting.com

  10. Medium irrigation project www.ctranconsulting.com

  11. Incentivizing pps PPs receive Rs 100/ annum maintenance grants PPs prepare crop plan PPs who diversify to non-paddy crop save water and get additional grant No of irrigation saved in Kharif Dept. gives equivalent of water charge as grant to PP No of irrigation saved in Rabi Dept. gives equivalent of water charge as grant to PP www.ctranconsulting.com

  12. Three scenarios • Baseline: representing current water management practice; • Scenario-1: with intervention only on on-farm water management; and • Scenario-2: with additional interventions of crop diversification (groundnut, grams, maize, vegetables in Rabi) diverting some area from gram in kharif form paddy on top of on-farm water management www.ctranconsulting.com

  13. Cost benefit under different scenarios www.ctranconsulting.com

  14. Cost benefit under different scenarios www.ctranconsulting.com

  15. Cost benefit under different scenarios www.ctranconsulting.com

  16. FINANCIAL FRAMEWORK to Scale up • Stage-1: only water related activity, • Stage-2: water plus supply of production inputs, • Stage-3: water plus inputs plus output marketing and • Stage-4: all activities mentioned in stage-3 plus marketing oriented production, value added production and other business expansion. www.ctranconsulting.com

  17. Operational framework www.ctranconsulting.com

  18. Integrated planning process www.ctranconsulting.com

  19. PP calendar www.ctranconsulting.com

  20. Key lessons • Panipanchayats in the state need strengthening in the following areas: • Water management • Crop management • Financial management • Conflict resolution • Social audit • The current level of awareness on various schemes, subsidies and benefits are still low • It is possible to improve the cropping intensity and farmers’ income significantly from the baseline situation by both on farm water management and diversification to non-paddy low duty crops in rabi. Possible crops are groundnut, grams, maize and high value vegetables. • The incentive scheme which is linked to saving numbers of irrigation in kharif and taking low water requiring crops can be equalled to the water saved. Additional incentive can be provided on water tax collected. This will be in addition to the Rs 500/ha maintenance grant already received by the PPs. They can share this among members and can invest in common infrastructure. • Apex Pani Panchayat should be identified as one of the key intermediary institutions (like FPOs) in enhancing farmers’ access to inputs and markets. www.ctranconsulting.com

  21. Thank you Contact for further information ashoksingha@ctranconsulting.com www.ctranconsulting.com

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