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Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disorder of carbohydrate, fat, and protein metabolism that results from insulin deficiency or abnormality in the use of insulin.<br>Diabetes is due to either the pancreas not producing enough insulin or cells of the body not responding properly to the insulin produced.
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Definition of Diabetes Diabetes is a disease that occurs when your blood glucose, also called blood sugar, is too high. Blood glucose is your main source of energy and comes from the food you eat. Insulin, a hormone made by the pancreas, helps glucose from food get into your cells to be used for energy. Sometimes your body doesn’t make enough—or any—insulin or doesn’t use insulin well. Glucose then stays in your blood and doesn’t reach your cells
What is normal blood sugar level by age? • From 90 to 130 mg/dL (5.0 to 7.2 mmol/L) for adults. • From 90 to 130 mg/dL (5.0 to 7.2 mmol/L) for children, 13 to 19 years old. • From 90 to 180 mg/dL (5.0 to 10.0 mmol/L) for children, 6 to 12 years old. • From 100 to 180 mg/dL (5.5 to 10.0 mmol/L) for children under 6 years old.
Classification of Diabetes Type 1 diabetes Type 2 diabetes Gestational diabetes
Type 1 diabetes: pancreas fails to produce enough insulin due to the loss of beta cells. Type 1 diabetes known as insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. (loss of beta cells is caused by an autoimmune disease.) Cause of type 1 diabetes : some reason loss of insulin-producing beta cells of the pancreas, leads to insulin deficiency. It can occur at any age and is diagnosed during adulthood.
Cause of type 2 diabetes : Type 2 diabetes: it’s a combination of genetic factors and lifestyle. Obesity can be the cause of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Type 2 diabetes: It starts with insulin resistance, in type 2 diabetes cells fail to respond to insulin. Type 2 diabetes also known as noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
Gestational diabetes Gestational diabetes occurs when pregnant women without a previous history of diabetes develop high blood sugar levels. Cause of Gestational diabetes Gestational diabetes occurs when pregnant women without a previous history of diabetes develop high blood sugar levels.
Other Risk Factors of diabetes • Hypertension. • Family history. • Physical inactivity. • Stress and anxiety. • Over Weight. • Ethnic background.
Symptoms of Diabetes • Blurry vision. • High blood pressure. • Nausea and vomiting. • Unhealed wounds in advanced cases. • Frequent urination especially at night. • Increased thirst. • Pruritus. • Increased hunger. • Weakness. • Weight loss.
The Major Components of Treatment of Diabetes • Do regular Exercise. • Avoid alcohol. • Avoid smoking. • Maintain weight. • Avoid junk food. • Reduce stress. • Do regular monitoring of blood sugar levels. • Decrease sugar intake or carbs in the diet. • Homeopathy medicine improves or boosts the immune system. It can control blood sugar levels. There are no side effects of homeopathy medicine.
Diabetes Treatments • Treatments for all types of diabetes • Healthy eating. - There's no specific diabetes diet. You'll need to focus your diet on more fruits, vegetables, lean proteins and whole grains. • Physical activity - Everyone needs regular aerobic activity. This includes people who have diabetes. Physical activity lowers your blood sugar level by moving sugar into your cells, where it's used for energy. • Treatments for type 1 and type 2 diabetes • Monitoring your blood sugar - Depending on your treatment plan, you may check and record your blood sugar as many as four times a day • Insulin - People with type 1 diabetes need insulin therapy to survive. Many people with type 2 diabetes or gestational diabetes also need insulin therapy.
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