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Obesity is associated with comorbidities such as type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and certain cancers and is arguably the greatest public health threat of the twenty-first century. While its increasing prevalence worldwide has clearly been driven by our changing lifestyle, a powerful genetic component underlies the large variations in body weight within this modern environment. Twin and adoption studies have revealed the heritability of the body mass index (BMI; weight in kg/height in m2) to be between 40% and 70%. Over the past two decades, studies of human and mouse genetics have unc
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