Open / Semantic / Social / Mobile

3. The Paradigms They Are A-Changin' > The Future Of Research And Scholarship: Open / Semantic / Social / Mobile Gerry McKiernan Associate Professor Science and Technology Librarian Iowa State University Library Ames / Iowa / USA gerrymck@iastate.edu http//www.public.iastate.edu/~gerrymck/LimerickParadigms.ppt

4. Symposium Social Networking Services At Third-Level: Trends and Developments Speakers Gerry McKiernan, Associate Professor and Science and Technology Librarian Iowa State University"The Paradigms They Are A-Changin': The Future of Research and Scholarship > Open / Semantic / Social / Mobile“ Dr. Stephen Kinsella, University of Limerick“Nihil Nemus: Social Media as the Bridge Between Research and Learning"

5. University of Limerick Charles Parsons Lecture Theatre / June 9 2009 / 1430 Limerick / Luimneach

6. !!! Thank You !!! Mícheál Ó hAodha Librarian, Science & Engineering (CSIS, ECE, MAE, MOE) Lewis L. Glucksman Library University of Limerick

7. !!! Thank You !!! Brian Fitzgerald Vice-President Research, Frederick A Krehbiel II Chair in Innovation in Global Business & Technology University of Limerick

8. !!! Thank You !!! Institute for the Study of Knowledge in Society University of Limerick

9. !!! Thank You !!! Travel and Research Funds Committee Iowa State University Library For Supplemental Funding

10. DISCLAIMER (1) The screen prints selected for this presentation are for educational purposes, and their inclusion does not constitute an endorsement of an associated person, product, service, or institution.

11. DISCLAIMER (2) The views and opinions expressed in this presentation are those of the presenter and do not constitute an endorsement by Iowa State University or its Library.

12. "The Medium Is The Message ... The Audience Is The Content” http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RtycdRBAbXk Marshall McLuhan. Understanding Media: The Extensions of Man. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1964.

13. Open / Semantic / Social / Mobile OPEN > SEMANTIC >> SOCIAL >>> MOBILE >>>>

16. RESEARCH • 1re·search || Pronunciation: \ri-ˈsərch, ˈrē-ˌ\ • Function: noun • Etymology: Middle French recerche, from recercher to go about seeking, from Old French recerchier, from re- + cerchier, sercher to search — more at search Date: 1577 • 1: careful or diligent search • 2: studious inquiry or examination ; especially : investigation or experimentation aimed at the discovery and interpretation of facts, revision of accepted theories or laws in the light of new facts, or practical application of such new or revised theories or laws • 3: the collecting of information about a particular subject http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/research

17. SCHOLARSHIP • schol·ar·ship || Pronunciation: \-ˌship\ • Function: noun Date: circa 1536 • 1 : a grant-in-aid to a student (as by a college or foundation) • 2 : the character, qualities, activity, or attainments of a scholar : learning • 3 : a fund of knowledge and learning <drawing on the scholarship of the ancients> • synonyms see knowledge http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/scholarship

18. Open / Semantic / Social/ Mobile OPEN > SEMANTIC >> SOCIAL >>> MOBILE >>>>

19. Open / Semantic / Social / Mobile OPEN > Open Access . Open Data .. Open Peer Review … Open Research ….

20. OPEN ACCESS In publishing, Open Access (OA) is free online access to articles that have traditionally been published in scholarly journals. Most open access material in this context is distributed via the World Wide Web. OA articles usually have limited copyright and licensing restrictions. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_access_(publishing)

22. OPEN DATA (1) Open Data is a philosophy and practice requiring that certain data are freely available to everyone, without restrictions from copyright, patents or other mechanisms of control. It has a similar ethos to a number of other "Open" movements and communities such as open source and open access. [snip] The practice and ideology itself is well established … but the term "Open Data" itself is recent. Much of the emphasis in this entry is on data from scientific research and from the data-driven web. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_data

23. OPEN DATA (2) Open Data is often focused on non-textual material such as maps, genomes, chemical compounds, mathematical and scientific formulae, medical data and practice, bioscience and biodiversity. Problems often arise because these are commercially valuable or can be aggregated into works of value. Access to, or re-use of, the data are controlled by organisations, both public and private. Control may be through access restrictions, licenses, copyright, patents and charges for access or re-use. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_data

24. OPEN DATA (3) Advocates of Open Data argue that these restrictions are against the communal good and that these data should be made available without restriction or fee. In addition, it is important that the data are re-usable without requiring further permission, though the types of re-use (such as the creation of derivative works) may be controlled by license. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_data

25. OPEN DATA (4) • Arguments made on behalf of Open Data include: • "Data belong to the human race". Typical examples are genomes, data on organisms, medical science, environmental data. • Public money was used to fund the work and so it should be universally available. • It was created by or at a government institution (this is common in US National Laboratories and government agencies) • Facts cannot legally be copyrighted. • Sponsors of research do not get full value unless the resulting data are freely available • Restrictions on data re-use create an anticommons • Data are required for the smooth process of running communal human activities (map data, public institutions) • In scientific research, the rate of discovery is accelerated by better access to data. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_data

26. Open Data in Science Peter Murray-Rust Unilever Centre for Molecular Sciences Informatics Department of Chemistry University of Cambridge Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK Open Data (OD) is an emerging term in the process of defining how scientific data may be published and re-used without price or permission barriers. Scientists generally see published data as belonging to the scientific community, but many publishers claim copyright over data and will not allow its re-use without permission. This is a major impediment to the progress of scholarship in the digital age. This article reviews the need for Open Data, shows examples of why Open Data are valuable and summarizes some early initiatives in formalizing the right of access to and re-use of scientific data. http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1526/version/1

27. OPEN DATA (6) Freedom to Research: Keeping Scientific Data Open, Accessible, and Interoperable ThinhNguyen.Counsel, Science Commons According to Thomas S. Kuhn, scientific revolutions occur when a sufficient body of data accumulates to overthrow the dominant theories we use to frame reality—a so called paradigm shift. At a certain point, we can no longer ignore the fact that the old models don’t appear to be working or producing the results we want. As an outgrowth of our work with the scientific community, we at Science Commons have had our own paradigm shift. The result is the Science Commons Protocol for Implementing Open Access Data, a set of principles designed to ensure that scientific data remains open, accessible, and interoperable. Creative Commons' announcement of the beta CC0 waiver is another milestone in this shift; the waiver is a new legal tool, along with the Open Data Commons Public Domain Dedication and License (PDDL), that implements the Protocol. http://sciencecommons.org/wp-content/uploads/freedom-to-research.pdf

28. OPEN DATA (7) OPEN DATA FOR GLOBAL SCIENCE Paul F. Uhlir1* and Peter Schröder2 *1 National Research Council, 2101 Constitution Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20418, USA 2 Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS), Anna van Saksenlaan 51, 2593 HW Den Haag, The Netherlands Abstract The digital revolution has transformed the accumulation of properly curated public research data into an essential upstream resource whose value increases with use. The potential contributions of such data to the creation of new knowledge and downstream economic and social goods can in many cases be multiplied exponentially when the data are made openly available on digital networks. Most developed countries spend large amounts of public resources on research and related scientific facilities and instruments that generate massive amounts of data. http://www.spatial.maine.edu/icfs/Uhlir-SchroederPaper.pdf

29. OPEN DATA (11) OPEN DATA IN SCIENCE – TECHNICAL AND CULTURAL ASPECTS Peter Murray-Rust (Department of Chemistry, Cambridge University Research in STM fields routinely generates and requires large amounts of data in electronic form. The growth of scientific research using infrastructures such as the Grid, UK's eScience programme and cyber infrastructure requires the re-use, repurposing and redissemination of this information. Fields like bioinformatics, astronomy, physics, and earth / Environmental sciences routinely use such data as primary research input. Much of this is now carried out by machines which harvest data From multiple sources in dynamic and iterative ways, validate, filter compute and republish it. The current publication process And legal infrastructure is now a serious hindrance to this. http://tinyurl.com/98pn5

30. SPARC-OPENDATA The SPARC Open Data Email Discussion List will provide a forum for participants to explore issues of access to digital data associated with peer-reviewed STM research. Many advocates of Open Data believe that, although there are substantial potential benefits from sharing and reusing digital data upon which scientific advances are built, today much of it is being lost or underutilized because of legal, technological and other barriers. [snip] The list’s emphasis is on defining the scope of Open Data and collecting examples of desirable and undesirable practices. To subscribe, send a message to: SPARC-OpenData-on@arl.org. http://www.arl.org/sparc/opendata/

31. OPEN DATA (14) National Research Council (Canada) Gateway to Scientific Data Open Data Commons European Open Data Inventory data.gov

35. Open / Semantic / Social / Mobile SEMANTIC > Audio . Interactivity .. Supplemental Content … Video ….

36. SEMANTIC (1) • Semantic Publishing can be defined as “anything that enhances the meaning of a published journal article, facilitates its automated discovery, enables its linking to semantically related articles, provides access to data within the article in actionable form, or facilitates integration of data between papers. • Among other things, it involves enriching the article with appropriate metadata that are amenable to automated processing and analysis, allowing enhanced verifiability of published information and providing the capacity for automated discovery and summarization. http://tinyurl.com/c9zybh

37. SEMANTIC (2) • These semantic enhancements increase the intrinsic value of journal articles, by increasing the ease by which information, understanding and knowledge can be extracted. • They also enable the development of secondary services that can integrate information between such enhanced articles, providing additional business opportunities for the publishers involved. • Equally importantly, readers benefit from more rapid, more convenient and more complete access to reliable information.” http://tinyurl.com/c9zybh

38. ECLECTIC E Is for Everything: The Extra-Ordinary, Evolutionary [E-]Journal • An ever-increasing number of e-journals are transcending the limitations of the paper medium by incorporating and integrating a wide variety of innovative electronic features and content. • In this article, we examine the current evolution of the scholarly journal and review the emergence of functionalities that expand and extend the conventional electronic journal. • We further explore additional e-journal enhancements and consider new forms and formats of scholarly communication likely to arise in the not-so-distant future. http://www.public.iastate.edu/~gerrymck/Eis4.pdf

39. AUDIO PLoS Computational Biology beta.nejm.com

40. AUDIO

43. INTERACTIVITY Impact of Environment and Social Gradient on Leptospira Infection in Urban Slums

48. Open / Semantic / Social/ Mobile SOCIAL > Science Blogging . Social Bookmarking .. Social Networking … Social Software ….

49. SOCIAL NETWORKING (1) A social network service focuses on building online communities of people who share interests and/or activities, or who are interested in exploring the interests and activities of others. Most social network services are primarily Web-based and provide a collection of various ways for users to interact, such as chat, messaging, email, video, voice chat, file sharing, blogging, discussion groups, … [etc.]. A social network service focuses on building online communities of people who share interests and/or activities, or who are interested in exploring the interests and activities of others. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_network_service

50. Swiss Army Information Tools http://tinyurl.com/3gjdzw