Public Meeting November 22, 2006 Explosion at CAI/Arnel in Danvers, Massachusetts May 9, 2007

1. Public MeetingNovember 22, 2006 Explosion at CAI/Arnel inDanvers, MassachusettsMay 9, 2007

2. Investigation Team • John Vorderbrueggen, PE • Johnnie Banks, CFEI • Angela Blair, PE • Robert Hall, PE • Katherine Leskin • Jeffrey Wanko, PE, CSP

3. Meeting Agenda • Incident Summary • Investigation Activities • Companies Involved • Preliminary Findings • Board Questions • Public Comment

4. N Google Earth

5. Photo: J. Whitmore/Boston Globe

7. Emergency Response • Danvers fire and police departments • Salem, Peabody, Beverly, and other fire and police departments • Massachusetts Environmental Police • U.S. EPA • U.S. Coast Guard

8. Emergency Response • U.S. Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives • Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection • Massachusetts State Fire Marshal • Massachusetts State Police

9. Community Impact • Ten treated at hospital for lacerations and bruises • Multiple homes and two adjacent businesses damaged beyond repair • Structural damage to homes and businesses as far as 1/4 mile • Window breakage as far as one mile • Dozens of boats at marina damaged

14. Community Impact • About 300 residents were evacuated • 77 families originally displaced • 50 families still unable to return home • 16 homes razed, more expected • Two nearby businesses destroyed • Five nearby businesses heavily damaged

17. Investigation Activities • Interviews and discussions • CAI and Arnel employees • CAI electrical contractor • Contractor working at Abbey Fence • Maritimes and Northeast Pipeline • KeySpan (natural gas utility)

18. Investigation Activities • Local residents • Local businesses • Town of Danvers • Town Manager • Police and Fire departments • Department of Code Administration • Public Health department

19. Investigation Activities • Documentation • CAI and Arnel • Duke Energy and KeySpan • Town of Danvers • Raw materials suppliers • EPA remediation records • State regulations

20. Investigation Activities • Photographs • Community • CAI/Arnel Facility • Township fire and police photos • Aerial photos

21. Investigation Activities • Evidence Collection/Review • Facility equipment • Raw material chemical samples • Liquid/solid material samples • Fragments from the CAI/Arnel building found in the community • Explosion dynamics modeling • Chemical testing

22. Companies Involved • Building constructed in early 1900’s • 1985 - Danvers Chemical divided • CAI, Inc. • Arnel Company, Inc.

23. CAI, Inc. • Private company operated since 1985 • Headquartered in Georgetown, MA • 25 employees • Manufacture water and solvent based printing inks

24. CAI, Inc. • Georgetown facility • Administration, marketing, sales • Water based ink manufacturing • Product warehousing and shipping • Danvers facility • Solvent-based ink manufacturing • Daily production shipped to Georgetown

25. Arnel Company, Inc. • Operated in Danvers facility since 1985 • Nine employees • Products • Solvent-based stains, lacquers, coatings, and paints • Polyurethane coatings and adhesives • Water based urethane coatings

26. Covered outside storage 1100 sq. ft. 1200 sq. ft. 5100 sq. ft. 5 Offices, labs, restrooms 4000 sq. ft.

27. CAI Hazardous Materials Handling • Flammable solvents • Three underground storage tanks • Four 3000-gallon production mix tanks • Eight 500-gallon containers (totes) • Several ink product mixers • Many 55-gallon drums and small containers

28. CAI Hazardous Materials Handling • Flammable solid (nitrocellulose) ~150 fiber drums stored in truck-trailer • Fuel oil tanks Relocated from courtyard into the building one week before explosion Photo: ICI Nobel Enterprises

29. C 5100 sq ft

30. 5

31. Arnel Hazardous Materials Handling • Flammable solvents • Underground storage tanks • 1000-gallon product mixer • Two 300-gallon totes • Several paint product mixers • Many 55-gallon drums and small containers

32. Arnel Hazardous Materials Handling • Flammable solid (nitrocellulose) 14 drums in truck-trailer

33. CAI equipment 1200 sq ft 5 1100 sq ft

34. 5

35. Fuel Sources Considered • Nitrocellulose • Fuel oil • Natural gas • High-pressure pipeline • Low-pressure city gas system • Flammable liquids

36. Nitrocellulose • Industrial grade • Flammable solid • Fiber drums stored in trailers, not in the building • Drums burned in place

37. Fuel Oil • Located in isolated, closed section of building • Tanks intact after explosion • No mechanism to form flammable vapor cloud

38. Natural Gas • Lighter-than-air gas • Rises when released • Odorized for public safety • CAI/Arnel did not have gas service • Two sources in Danversport • Maritimes and Northeast Pipeline • KeySpan city gas system

40. Maritimes and Northeast Pipeline • 215 feet south of CAI/Arnel • 1440 psi Maximum Allowable Operating Pressure (MAOP) • 30-inch diameter • 0.618 inch wall thickness • Welded carbon steel construction • Four years old • Odorized

41. Maritimes and Northeast Pipeline • High-pressure leak would escape very close to the buried pipe

42. Maritimes and Northeast Pipeline • No “conduit” to travel underground to building 215 feet away • No post-explosion natural gas fire or leak

43. KeySpan Gas System • Not connected to CAI/Arnel • Not connected to nearby Abbey Fence or Danversport Bottle Gas • 150-200 feet away, on Water and Bates streets • Very low pressure (0.36 psi) • Odorized

44. KeySpan Gas System • 90+ years old • Cast iron pipe • “Bell and spigot” joints

46. KeySpan Gas System • Explosion caused many leaks • Leaks after the incident were too small • No natural gas fires during or after the incident

47. CSB Blast Modeling • Neighborhood damage surveyed and quantified • Overpressures estimated • Compare to available explosion energy to natural gas

48. Blast Pressure Damage Estimates

49. 2.3 psi 365 ft 1.2 psi 581 ft

50. CSB Blast Modeling • Fuel accumulation in production area (volume ~ 110,000 cubic feet) • Estimate explosion energy in the explosive range • Compare explosion energy estimates to observed community damage