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Solid Recovered Fuel (SRF) production today and a Projection into the Future

Solid Recovered Fuel (SRF) production today and a Projection into the Future. Presentation to the FEAD International Conference Bruges, 18 October 2002. Paul Huggard (SITA) & Bernard Lanfranchi (Vivendi Environnement). Terminology. Several terms / concepts are currently used in EU:

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Solid Recovered Fuel (SRF) production today and a Projection into the Future

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  1. Solid Recovered Fuel (SRF) production today and a Projection into the Future Presentation to the FEAD International Conference Bruges, 18 October 2002 Paul Huggard (SITA) &Bernard Lanfranchi (Vivendi Environnement)

  2. Terminology • Several terms / concepts are currently used in EU: • SRF (Solid Recovered Fuel) • RDF (Refuse Derived Fuel) • Common feature: fuels produced from waste • Definition of SRF proposed by CEN standardisation committee (TC343): • Solid Recovered Fuel: « Fuel prepared from non hazardous waste to be utilised in waste incineration or co-incineration plants » • Fuel: « Energy carrier intended for energy conversion »

  3. Solid recovered fuels fit into a range of other waste-derived fuels, based on European law High A common denominator of these fuels is that they contribute to sustainable development... Substitute fuel from hazwaste WI directive Level of environmental risk of the untreated waste SRF WI(2) directive Landfill biogas RES-E directive …either through generation of electricity/heat or substitution for fossil fuel Biomass RES-E(1) directive High Low Complexity of required pre-treatment (1) Renewable Energy Sources - Electricity (2) Waste Incineration

  4. SRF production currently represents a tiny part of the European waste market... Rising to 14 Mt, 3.4% of volumes treated in Europe as a whole in 2005 Source: CEN Report, 2001

  5. …but production volumes are expected to grow rapidly in the next few years Projected growth in SRF production volumes, selected EU countries, 2000 - 2005 2005 : 12.4 MT produced Compound annual growth rate = 54% 2000 : 1.4 MT produced Sources: CEN / FEAD estimates

  6. SRF can bring added value to the search for a secure energy source in Europe Estimated recovered energy from EfW plants in 2005 in EU 15 countries: 3,7 MTOE / Year • Potential recovered energy • from SRF production plants • in 2005 in EU 15 countries: • 5,8 MTOE / Year • Same order of magnitude (lower tonnage compensated by higher calorific value) • Total EU15 production of primary energy: 790 MTOE/Year in 2001 • Actual development of SRF production will be conditioned by • Legislative / regulatory factors • Technical / economic factors

  7. Legislative / Regulatory factors: two possible trends • At national level: towards possible assimilation of SRF to fuel when its characteristics are close to those of commercial fuels • Certain national situations already tend towards this interpretation (Scandinavia, Austria, Italy) • At European level: towards stricter interpretation of waste derived fuel status, along with the CEN mandate • Waste status applicable to all RDF, SRF • Consequence: RDF/SRF subject to WID

  8. Example of Waste Derived Fuels users / outlets Waste from which Fuel is derived (example) Main SRF users WID implemented Prospective SRF users / Standardisation achieved Wood residue (untreated) District heating District heating District heating Cement kilns EfW plants Power plants Steelworks Wood waste containing no or very low levels of HOC or heavy metals (high Standard) Cement kilns EfW plants Non hazardous waste from Industry or Municipalities (high Standard) Cement Kilns EfW plants Power plants Steelworks

  9. Technical / economic factors which influence SRF manufacture • Local and acceptable waste arising • Commercial & Industrial Waste capable of providing SRF of high quality and calorific value • National level of development in sorting / selective collection • Price levels of competing treatment • Landfill gate fees (including landfill tax) • Incineration / co-incineration gate fees (competition or outlets) • Strict & consistent quality criteria to meet client needs • Level of pollutants • Physical / chemical properties, granulometry... • Long term outlets • EfW plants, cement kilns • Power plants, CHP, steelworks • Fossil fuel costs • Heavier taxation?

  10. Conclusion (1) • Potential quantity of energy from SRF production and usage is in the same order of magnitude as energy from mass-burn incineration • Pace of development of SRF market will be influenced by standardisation and legislative / regulatory status • SRF standardisation process within CEN will take several years to come to fruition • Product status for SRF seems unlikely in the short run

  11. Conclusion (2) • Waste Management Industry has an active role to play in providing its share of the EU energy needs, through complementary treatment options: • EfW contribution to energy security this contribution must be protected • SRF preparation and utilisation downstream outlets will have to be secured for SRF long term development

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