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Still, the Italians. Baroque vocal styles centered on the Italian love for MonodyRemember that word? Le nuove musiche
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1. Vocal Music of the Baroque Or, the History of Music, part IIIa
2. Still, the Italians Baroque vocal styles centered on the Italian love for Monody
Remember that word?
Le nuove musiche – the new music
Basically, a bunch of melody over simple basso continuoso
Monteverdi’s madrigals displayed this changing style
3. Baroque Opera: Good Times. Early operas, Euridice and Dafne, were very monodic
Music took a backseat toward clear speech
Were often mythological stories, written for aristocrats
Early on, they were still small works
4. Monteverdi pops up again He became the music director at St. Mark’s Cathedral
Orfeo, Monteverdi’s first, was much more sophisticated that others
Orfeo called for a lot of specific instrumentation
His music was much more complex, interesting, and entertaining
Orfeo, again
5. Still, further clarification About this time was the separation of recitative and aria
Recitative was for words, aria for music
Venice became the center of opera, building the first opera house
7. Competing Opera Styles Venetian opera used counterpoint and gave the orchestra fun stuff
Neapolitan was homophonic, focused on vocal melody
Eventually, Neapolitan won (except in France)
Neapolitan style due to Scarlatti
8. Yet another style! Neapolitan opera became too serious.
So, opera buffa (comic opera) was born
This was common-man opera, stories about simpler lives and with normal folk performing
At first, it was low-class, but this changed through history
9. France’s Turn France was the only part of Europe to develop a non-Italian opera style
Lully was the pioneer of said style
He wrote operas for Louis XIV, so they were pompous and refined
As a whole, they were more colorful and visually pleasing, but made less sense
10. England? Really? Purcell wrote some stuff, but Handel was the big guy
His stuff appealed to all of England, regardless of class
It was influenced greatly by the Neapolitan style from Naples, Italy
The opera Xerxes
11. No more opera! Cantata was also around
Italian in design, it was vocal work of recitative and aria with continuo underneath
It told a simple story
Many composers, including Scarlatti and Bach, wrote cantatas
Cantata
12. And more you say? Oratorio: sacred works with long narrative texts
It was like opera, but not as fancy
One of the most famous is Handel’s Messiah
Messiah