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The Epidemiologic Triangle

The Epidemiologic Triangle. Time. The Epidemiologic Triangle. The agent is the cause of the disease Can be bacteria, virus, parasite, fungus, mold Chemicals (solvents), Radiation, heat, natural toxins (snake or spider venom)

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The Epidemiologic Triangle

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  1. The Epidemiologic Triangle Time

  2. The Epidemiologic Triangle • The agent is the cause of the disease • Can be bacteria, virus, parasite, fungus, mold • Chemicals (solvents), Radiation, heat, natural toxins (snake or spider venom) • The host is an organism, usually human or animal, that harbors the disease • Pathogen disease-causing microorganism or related substance • Offers subsistence and lodging for a pathogen • Level of immunity, genetic make-up, state of health, and overall fitness within the host can determine the effect of a disease organism can have upon it.

  3. The Epidemiologic Triangle • The environment is the favorable surroundings and conditions external to the human or animal that cause or allow the disease or allow disease transmission • Environmental factors can include the biological aspects as well as the social, cultural, and physical aspects of the environment • Time accounts for incubation periods, life expectancy of the host or pathogen, duration of the course of illness or condition.

  4. The Epidemiologic Triangle • The mission of the epidemiologist is to break one of the legs of the triangle, which disrupts the connection between environment, host, and agent, stopping the continuation of an outbreak. • The goals of public health are the control and prevention of disease. • By breaking one of the legs of the triangle, public health intervention can partially realize these goals and stop epidemics • An epidemic can be stopped when one of the elements of the triangle is interfered with, altered, changed or removed from existence.

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