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Introduction of Direct Memory Access (DMA)

Introduction of Direct Memory Access (DMA). Why is DMA?. It is wasteful to feed data into a controller register 1 bytes at a time. (PIO) The DMA unit is word. In the high loading environment, a system with DMA has better improvement. DMA transfer. DMA Progress.

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Introduction of Direct Memory Access (DMA)

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  1. Introduction of Direct Memory Access (DMA)

  2. Why is DMA? • It is wasteful to feed data into a controller register 1 bytes at a time. (PIO) • The DMA unit is word. • In the high loading environment, a system with DMA has better improvement.

  3. DMA transfer

  4. DMA Progress • To initiate a DMA transfer, the host writes a DMA command into memory: • A pointer to the source of a transfer • A count of the number of bytes to be transferred • …….. • The CPU writes the address of the DMA command block to the DMA controller.

  5. DMA Progress (cont.) • The DMA controller proceeds to operate the memory bus directly without CPU help. • Handshaking exists between DMA controller and device controller. • When the entire transfer is finished, the DMA controller will interrupts the CPU.

  6. Handshaking • DMA-request and DMA_acknowledge • When a word of data is available, the device controller places a signal on the DMA-request wire. • The signal causes the DMA controller to seize the memory bus, • To place the desired address on the memory-address wire • To place a signal on the DMA-acknowledge wire

  7. Handshaking (cont.) • When the device controller receives the DMA-acknowledge signal, • it transfer the word of data to memory • and remove the DMA_request signal.

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