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Overview SAP Basis Functions

Overview SAP Basis Functions. Learning Objectives. What the Basis system is How does SAP handle a transaction request Differentiating between the various work processes Understanding the basic functions of the Basis Module. The Software-Oriented View of R/3. The SAP R/3 System Architecture.

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Overview SAP Basis Functions

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  1. OverviewSAP Basis Functions

  2. Learning Objectives • What the Basis system is • How does SAP handle a transaction request • Differentiating between the various work processes • Understanding the basic functions of the Basis Module SAP Technical Overview

  3. The Software-Oriented View of R/3 SAP Technical Overview

  4. The SAP R/3 System Architecture • Implications for Application Programming • Separate presentation and application layers implies that when you run an application program that requires user interaction, control of the program is continually passed backwards and forwards between layers. • When a screen is ready for user input, the presentation layer is active, and the application server is inactive with regard to that particular program. • As a consequence, the program logic in an application program that occurs between two screens is known as a DIALOG STEP. SAP Technical Overview

  5. SAP Technical Overview

  6. The SAP R/3 System Architecture • Application Layer (cont.) • Application Server • R/3 programs run on application servers • The APPLICATION SERVERcommunicate with the presentation components, the database, and also with each other, using aMESSAGE SERVER. • Main components: • Work Processes (Dialog, Update, Enqueue, Batch, Spool) • Dispatcher • Gateway • Message Server SAP Technical Overview

  7. What happens when I send a request to SAP?

  8. Work- process Work- process Application Server Presentation . . . Internet SAPGUI SAPGUI Office Internet TCP/IP Communication Application Dispatcher IPC Work- process Local Buffer for R/3 Data, DW-Objects, ABAP-Objects Remote SQL Database SAP Technical Overview

  9. Dispatcher • Program which manages resources of the R/3 applications • Receives requests from user and passes them to the corresponding work processes • Only one dispatcher per application server SAP Technical Overview

  10. Dispatcher Tasks • Balances the workload between the processes • Buffer management in main memory • Connection with the presentation level • Organization of the communication processes SAP Technical Overview

  11. Work Process • Responsible for executing R/3 application tasks Task Handler ABAP/4 Processor Dialog Interpreter Database Interface Work Process SAP Technical Overview

  12. D 12 11 1 10 2 9 3 8 4 7 5 6 Different Kind of Work Processes for different Tasks Message Dialog Update V M SAP Dispatcher Batch Enqueue E Spool B S Gateway R/3 G R/2 SAP Technical Overview

  13. D Dialog Work Processes • Responsible for the interactive tasks of the R/3 system • Dialog work processes execute only one dialog step at a time and are immediately freed for the next user request • Constantly switching between users Dialog SAP Technical Overview

  14. 12 11 1 10 2 9 3 8 4 7 5 6 Background Work Processes • Responsible for executing ABAP programs submitted for background execution • Batch jobs schedule the sequence of program execution • Used for running long and time consuming programs Batch B SAP Technical Overview

  15. Spool Work Processes • Responsible for formatting the data for printing and passing it to the host spool system • Only one spool work process allowed per server Spool SAP Technical Overview

  16. Enqueue Work Processes • Responsible for the lock management system • Synchronizes database access for the multiple application servers and work processes • Only one enqueue process per R/3 system to ensure data integrity Enqueue E SAP Technical Overview

  17. Update Work Processes • Responsible for making database changes requested by dialog and background processes • For better performance, this process should be on the database server Update V SAP Technical Overview

  18. V1 vs. V2 Update Processes • Time-critical processes are inside V1 and less critical ones within V2 • Error situations in • V1 : changes rolled back and V2 components not executed • V2 : only changes of V2 components rolled back Update V SAP Technical Overview

  19. Message Server • Used by different application servers to exchange data and internal messages • Routes messages, such as update or batch job starts, between application servers • One message server per system Message M SAP Technical Overview

  20. Gateway Server • Allows communication between R/3, R/2, and external applications • Exchanges large amounts of information between application servers • Gateway can reside on any of the connected systems Gateway R/3 G R/2 SAP Technical Overview

  21. Work Processes • Number of work processes can only be changed after restarting the system • Should have at least two dialog work processes • Need to have at least one V1 and V2 processes • Number of spool processes cannot be changed SAP Technical Overview

  22. Work- process Work- process Application Server Presentation . . . Internet SAPGUI SAPGUI Office Internet TCP/IP Communication Application Dispatcher IPC Work- process Local Buffer for R/3 Data, DW-Objects, ABAP-Objects Remote SQL Database SAP Technical Overview

  23. Work- process Work- process Processing of a SAP Transaction (1) Presentation . . . Internet SAPGUI 1 Start Transaction TCP/IP 5 Communication Application Re- turn data for next step 2 Dispatcher Assign User request to Workprocess IPC 4 Work- process Local Buffer for R/3 Data, DW-Objects, ABAP-Objects 3 Fetch data from buffer/database Remote SQL Database SAP Technical Overview

  24. Work- process Work- process Processing of a SAP Transaction (2) Presentation . . . Internet SAPGUI 1 6 TCP/IP 10 Re- turn data for next step 5 Communication Application 2 Dispatcher 7 9 IPC Assign User request to Workprocess Work- process Local Buffer for R/3 Data, DW-Objects, ABAP-Objects 3 8 Remote SQL Fetch data from buffer/database Database SAP Technical Overview

  25. Work- process Work- process Processing of a SAP Transaction (3) Presentation . . . Internet SAPGUI Request for update 1 11 6 TCP/IP 10 5 Communication Application 2 Dispatcher 7 12 9 IPC 4 Work- process Local Buffer for R/3 Data, DW-Objects, ABAP-Objects 3 8 14 End transaction 13 Remote SQL Update data on database Database SAP Technical Overview

  26. SAP Communication Interfaces Communication Interface SAPTechnology High Level Business API Mail MAPI SMTP X.400 ALE OLE EDI IDOC RFC Q-API Low level CPI-C Communication System SAP Technical Overview

  27. Business Framework ALE Business Component Business Component BAPI BAPI • Business Component - contains business functionality • BAPI - interface between the components • ALE - integration of components SAP Technical Overview

  28. Business API (BAPI) • Defined method of a business object • Standardized methods allow customers to integrate their software with R/3 • Object-oriented in nature • BAPIs from all development platforms that support the SAP Remote Function Call (RFC) protocol SAP Technical Overview

  29. Other Interfaces • Application Link Enabled (ALE) - Interface that links different SAP systems and external application systems • Transport special data structures known as IDOCS (Intermediate Documents) • Object Linking and Enabled (OLE) - enables desktop users to access SAP data from many OLE client programs SAP Technical Overview

  30. Basic Functions of Basis

  31. Basis Functions • Hardware and Database Administration • User and Security Administration • Client Maintenance • Correction and Transport System (CTS) • Data Dictionary • Online Service System (OSS) • Performance Monitoring and Tuning SAP Technical Overview

  32. Hardware and Database Administration • Hardware upgrades - adding memory or servers • Database backup and recovery • Database optimization • Disaster Recovery SAP Technical Overview

  33. User Administration • Create users and assign profiles • Modify, lock and unlock users • Develop authorizations and profiles SAP Technical Overview

  34. Client Maintenance • Create clients • Copy and refresh clients • Client imports and exports • Delete and remove clients • Modify change options SAP Technical Overview

  35. Correction and Transport System R/3System R/3System R/3System Change Request Quality Assurance Production Development Moving changes from one R/3 system to another SAP Technical Overview

  36. Online Service System (OSS) • OSS is a set of SAP’s online services such as bug fixes and useful implementation information • OSS Notes • Hotpacks • Remote Connections • Send questions to SAP • ABAP registration SAP Technical Overview

  37. Performance Monitoring and Tuning • Check database usage and storage capabilities • Dialog response time • Investigate ABAP short dumps • Optimize performance characteristics SAP Technical Overview

  38. Computer Center Management System (CCMS) • Manages the entire system - database, application, operating system • Collection of tools and utilities which allow you to monitor and manage the R/3 system • Allows monitoring of multiple R/3 systems • Comes FREE with each SAP system SAP Technical Overview

  39. Computer Center Management System (CCMS) functions • Starting and stopping instances • Monitoring and analyzing workload • Alert capabilities • Operation modes and work process automatic reconfiguration • Instance profile checking and maintenance • Logon load balancing SAP Technical Overview

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