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The Future of the Human Machine: Emotions

The Future of the Human Machine: Emotions. Timo Airaksinen Philosophy University of Helsinki. The source. This presentation is based on my book: ”Ihmiskoneen tulevaisuus” (The Future of the Human Machine), in Finnish, WSOY 2005). Anti-dualism.

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The Future of the Human Machine: Emotions

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  1. The Future of the Human Machine: Emotions Timo Airaksinen Philosophy University of Helsinki

  2. The source This presentation is based on my book: ”Ihmiskoneen tulevaisuus” (The Future of the Human Machine), in Finnish, WSOY 2005).

  3. Anti-dualism • I want to argue that humans are machines and that the post-human world can be understood accordingly. • This goes against religious dualism: mind and body, soul and matter. In other words: mind is soul and body is matter. • I don’t know if body is matter, but if a human being is a machine, he/she cannot have a soul.

  4. Two types of machines • Therefore, the human future is that of machines. We are now discussing technological matters. • Natural machines and technological (man made) machines are possible. • Before technology develops, we cannot say what a human being is. We miss a crucial, defining metaphor, and later a simile (analogue) and identification.

  5. History of ideas • La Mettrie said that “man is a machine” (17??). • This was truly scandalous. • What was his argument like? • What could the argument for this type of a claim be like?

  6. Cyborgs and androids • The argument is: -the artificial machine works (Turing test) -everything can be explained scientifically (how it works) -analogous technological machines can be found or created. • This is to say that a technological human being is possible. • Let us call it “cyborg” or “android”.

  7. Why analogy? • The post-human androids must be somehow analogous to natural humans, if they are going to have emotions. • These machines cannot just produce the same results as the humans do.

  8. Four difficulties • Four difficulties exist: -Moral (we love our genetic heritage) -Motion (difficult to replicate) -Meaning (Searle’s “Chinese Room”) -Emotions • Cognitions are easier.

  9. Definition of emotions • Let us discuss emotions: -think of Moravec’s suggestion -where does he put emotions? -the minimal def. of emotions: -bodily component -feeling tone -belief (cognitive component) -social significance

  10. Problems • All these present special problems: -an emotion needs its body (this can be made) -body/brain needs (self) consciousness (these processes present a conceptual riddle) -cognitions are essential (we have AI) -emotions are shared (androids need a community)

  11. New emotions • In an android community emotions are typical of their community and its life. • These emotions are not necessary the same we (people in this room) typically experience (Rodney Brooks, 2002). • Moravec’s suggestion cannot work: one box is not enough!

  12. Max and min cases • Notice that Max and Min case exists: -Min: cyborgs are just tech-modified humans -Max: androids are fully tech-created and artificial • I want to discuss the Max-case.

  13. Conclusion -We will experience cyborgs and androids in the future. -But they will be different from us, e.g. emotionally. -Then the future world will not be fully human, although it is “human”. -This is also to say that use of the term “post -human” is justified. The human world will be different in the future, but not wholly.

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