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Chapter 10 Alkanes and Aromatic Hydrocarbons

Chapter 10 Alkanes and Aromatic Hydrocarbons. Branched Alkanes Structural Formulas. Alkyl Groups. Branches on carbon chains H H C CH 3 methyl H H H H C C CH 3 CH 2 ethyl H H. Branched Alkanes. CH 3 CH 3 CHCH 3

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Chapter 10 Alkanes and Aromatic Hydrocarbons

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  1. Chapter 10Alkanes and Aromatic Hydrocarbons Branched Alkanes Structural Formulas Timberlake LecturePLUS 1999

  2. Alkyl Groups Branches on carbon chains H H C CH3 methyl H H H H C C CH3CH2 ethyl H H Timberlake LecturePLUS 1999

  3. Branched Alkanes CH3 CH3CHCH3 methyl groups CH3 CH3 CH3CHCH2CHCH3 Timberlake LecturePLUS 1999

  4. Naming Branched Alkanes CH3 methyl branch CH3CH2CH2CHCH2CH3 6 5 4 3 2 1 Count Timberlake LecturePLUS 1999

  5. Naming Branched Alkanes CH3 methyl branch CH3CH2CH2CHCH2CH3 6 5 4 3 2 1 Count 3-Methylhexane on third C CH3 six carbon chain group Timberlake LecturePLUS 1999

  6. Naming Summary 1. Count the C’s in the longest chain 2. Name each attached group 3 Count the longest carbon chain to give the first attached group the smallest number 4. Name and locate each group Timberlake LecturePLUS 1999

  7. Learning Check Alk4 A. CH3CH3 CH3CHCH2CHCH3 B. CH3 CH3 CH3CH2CHCH2CCH2CH3 CH3 Timberlake LecturePLUS 1999

  8. Solution Alk4 A. CH3CH3 CH3CHCH2CHCH3 2,4-dimethylpentane B. CH3 CH3 CH3CH2CHCH2CCH2CH3 CH3 3,3,5-trimethylheptane Timberlake LecturePLUS 1999

  9. Learning Check Alk5 Write a condensed structure for A. 3,4-dimethylheptane B. 2,2-dimethyloctane Timberlake LecturePLUS 1999

  10. Solution Alk5 A. 3,4-dimethylheptane CH3 CH3CH2CHCHCH2CH2CH3 CH3 • 2,2-dimethyloctane CH3 CH3CCH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3 CH3 Timberlake LecturePLUS 1999

  11. Learning Check Alk6 Write 3 isomers of C5H12 and name each. Timberlake LecturePLUS 1999

  12. Solution Alk6 CH3CH2CH2CH2CH3 pentane CH3 CH3CHCH2CH32-methylbutane CH3 CH3CCH3 2,2-dimethylpropane CH3 Timberlake LecturePLUS 1999

  13. Isomers • Same molecular formula • Same number and types of atoms • Different arrangement of atoms Timberlake LecturePLUS 1999

  14. Examples of Isomers The formula C4H10 has two different structures CH3 CH3CH2CH2CH3 CH3CHCH3 Butane 2-methylpropane When a CH3 is is used to form a branch, it makes a new isomer of C4H10. Timberlake LecturePLUS 1999

  15. Learning Check Alk7 Write the structural formulas of 3 isomers that have the formula C5H12. Name each. Timberlake LecturePLUS 1999

  16. Solution Alk7 Write the structural formulas of 3 isomers that have the formula C5H12. Name each. CH3CH2CH2CH2CH3 pentane CH3 CH3 CH3CHCH2CH3 CH3CCH3 CH3 2-methylbutane 2,2-dimethylpropane Timberlake LecturePLUS 1999

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