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Chapter 8

Chapter 8. Wednesday October 19, 2011. Latin American Wars of Independence. Simon Bolivar was sent to Europe to complete his education and learned about the Enlightenment and French Revolution Peninsulares , people born in Spain, dominated Latin American politics and social life

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Chapter 8

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  1. Chapter 8

  2. Wednesday October 19, 2011

  3. Latin American Wars of Independence • Simon Bolivar was sent to Europe to complete his education and learned about the Enlightenment and French Revolution • Peninsulares, people born in Spain, dominated Latin American politics and social life • Only they could hold jobs in government and the Church • Creoles, European-descended Latin Americans, owned the haciendas, ranches, and mines resented their second class status • Mestizos, Native American and European descent, and mulattoes, African and European descent were denied the status, wealth and power available to the whites.

  4. Enlightenment Ideas and news of revolutions around the world were spreading • Napoleon’s invasion of Spain showed Latin America a weakness and they say a chance to demand independence from colonial rule • Haiti • French planters owned very profitable sugar plantations, worked on by slaves • Slave Revolt 1791-Toussaint L’Ouverture was their general • France, Spain, and Britain sent armies to Haiti-more lives lost than any other revolution in the Americas • Slaves won! They were freed but Haiti remained a French colony • Independence • Napoleon sent troops to reconquer Haiti, ended in a truce

  5. Independence for Mexico and Central America • Father Miguel Hidalgo-raised a cry for freedom “El Grito de Dolores” • He was eventually captured and executed • Jose Morelos-same story • Independence was finally achieved by Agustin de Iturbide. • Overthrew the Spanish viceroy (what is a viceroy?!?) • Became the Republic of Mexico • Lives of most changed very little • Independence in South America • Native American Revolt-led by TupacAmaru (descendent of an Incan king) • Not a successful overthrow but did help bring an end to slavery • Bolivar • Led an uprising in Venezuela-many set backs, he was exiled twice • Eventually he won • San Martin • Helped Argentina win freedom from Spain

  6. worksheet

  7. ____ 1. Discontent in Latin America resulted from the domination of social and political life by ____ 2. Which of the following events was the spark that finally set off a widespread revolt in Latin America in the early 1800s?

  8. ____ 3. Which group dominated Latin American social and political life in the early 1800s? ____ 4. Which of the following groups generally supported nationalist goals?

  9. 1. Peninsular 2. Creole 3. Mestizo 4. Mulatto 5. The French Revolution 6. Ethnic groups 7. Latin America

  10. Thursday October 20, 2011 Section Review page 232 1-14 Start EO Review worksheet

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