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Air Brake System

AIR BRAKE SYSTEM IN ICF COACHES<br>

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Air Brake System

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  1. AIR BRAKE SYSTEM N.C. HARI KRISHNA, SSE/SMITHY/TPYS.

  2. Why Air Brake ? To meet the requirements of rapid industrialization and modern society in terms of • Load, • speed, • safety, • Punctuality, • economy.

  3. Air Brake Works on 5kg/sq cm of Brake pipe. Brake application is due to air entering the cylinder at 3.8kg/sq cm. Distributor valve is the main unit. Vacuum Brake Works on atmospheric pressure. Atmospheric air is admitted into the cylinder. No such equipment Cylinder works when vacuum level drops. Difference with Vacuum brake;

  4. 2 vehicles inter connected with air hose with palm ends. Fail safe and 100% foolproof during parting. Can be isolated easily in case of any difficulty in working. Cylinders mounted horizontally 2 vehicles inter connected with hosepipe with universal coupling Not foolproof in case of partings More time is required to blank the cylinder Cylinders mounted in vertical plane

  5. Application due to outward movement of piston. Release due to the inward movement of piston No brake fading. Emergency braking distance 732m (4500t, level track, 65kmph speed) Uniform brake power over the train length Application due to the inward movement of the piston. Release due to the outward movement of the piston. Brake fading is unavoidable Emergency braking distance 1097m (4500t, level track, 65kmph speed) NoN-Uniform brake power over the train length

  6. Advantages of Air Brake System: • Higher braking force for longer, heavier and faster trains. • Shorter braking distance. • Simple brake rigging. • Uniform brake power over train length. • Reduced brake power deterioration. • Uniform brake power irrespective of altitude.

  7. Suitable for all terrain working. • Faster application and release • Better control over the train. • Higher utilization of the rolling stock due to less maintenance. • Reduced pre-departure detentions.

  8. Types of Air Brake System; Air brake system is further classified as; • Single pipe system. • Twin pipe system. • Single pipe System:- Only brake pipe is provided for charging the AR and for Brake application. • Twin pipe system:- Brake pipe is provided for DV operation. Feed pipe for charging Auxiliary Reservoir.

  9. SINGLE PIPE GRADUATED RELEASE AIR BRAKE SYSTEM HOSE PIPE COAC COAC BP DC DV CR AR BC

  10. TWIN PIPE GRADUATED RELEASE AIR BRAKE SYSTEM 8 FP GUAGE 8

  11. In air brake system compressed air is used for operating the brake system. • The locomotive compressor charges the brake pipe at 5kg/cm2 throughout the length of the train. • The BP is connected to the brake cylinder through the distributor valve. • Brake application takes place by dropping the pressure in the BP.

  12. A) CHARGING STAGE During this stage, BP is charged to 5 kg/ sq.cm pressure which in turn charges CR to 5.0 Kg/cm2 and AR to 6.0 Kg/cm2 pressure via DV. At this stage BC gets vented to atmosphere through passage in DV.

  13. Charging; FP BP CR AR DV BC

  14. B. APPLICATION For application of brakes, the pressure in brake pipe has to be dropped. This is done by venting air from Drivers brake valve. Reduction in BP pressure positions the DV in such a way that the control reservoir gets disconnected from BP and AR gets connected to BC, this results in increase in air pressure in BC resulting in application of brakes. The magnitude of braking force is proportional to reduction in BP pressure.

  15. Application; FP FP FP BP CR AR DV BC

  16. C. RELEASE STAGE For Releasing brakes, the BP is again charged to 5 kg/sq cm pressure by compressor through drivers brake valve. This action positions DV in such a way that AR gets isolated from BC and BC is vented to atmosphere through DV and thus brakes are released.

  17. Release; FP BP CR AR BC DV

  18. Sensitivity of DV; • Minimum rate of BP reduction at which all DVs’ will actuate. • 0.6kg/sq cm in 6 seconds.Brake should start applying within 1 Sec.

  19. Insensitivity of DV; • Maximum rate of BP reduction at which no DV will actuate. • 0.3 kg/sq cm in 60 seconds.Brakes Should not apply. • To ensure brake application, BP should be reduced in the Sensitivity range only.

  20. SUB ASSEMBLIES OF AIR BRAKE SYSTEM 1.DISTRIBUTOR VALVE (DV) • It is the most important functional equipment of the system and in a way brain of the system. It senses the BP pressure variations and works automatically to provide brake application as well as brakes release. • The DV isolating cock handle in vertical position indicates that the DV is in open position and the handle in horizontal position indicates closed position of DV.

  21. A manual release handle is provided at the bottom of the DV. The brake in a particular Coach can be released manually by pulling this handles.

  22. 2. CONTROL RESERVOIR The CR of 6 liters volume is directly mounted to the pipe bracket. 3. AUXILIARY RESERVOIR The auxiliary reservoir stores the air required to fill the brake cylinder for brake application. Capacity : 200 Litres 6.0 kg/cm2

  23. AUXILIARY RESERVOIR

  24. 4. CUT OFF ANGLE COCK COAC is provided on the brake pipe at either end of each Coach which is used for opening or closing the brake pipe. When the handle of COAC is parallel to the pipe, it is open and when at right angle to the pipe, it is closed.

  25. ISOLATING COCK

  26. 5. HOSE COUPLING Hose couplings are provided to connect Brake pipe hoses of consecutive wagons. The brake pipe is thereby made continuous through out the train. It enables the supply of compressed air to all wagons for activating their brake equipments.

  27. AIR BRAKE HOSES

  28. 6. DIRT COLLECTOR The Dirt collector is provided at the junction of BP and branch pipe. It removes dust from the compressed air coming through the BP.

  29. SECTIONAL VIEW OF DIRT COLLECTOR

  30. CHECK VALVE WITH CHOKE

  31. 7. GUARDS EMERGENCY BRAKE VALVE The Guards emergency brake valve is provided in the brake van, so that in case of an Emergency, the guard can communicate to the driver of the train by operating the valve, the air from BP is exhausted to atmosphere. The drop in BP can also be observed in the air flow meter provided in the locomotive and finally the driver applies the brakes for stopping the train. 8.PRESSURE GUAGE This gauge is provided in BV to enable the guard to check the pressure in the BP

  32. GUARDS EMERGENCY BRAKE VALVE

  33. PASSENGER EMERGENCY ALARM SIGNAL DEVICE

  34. ENROUTE TROUBLE SHOOTING ON AIR BRAKE TRAINS

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