Anne Hutchinson

1. Anne Hutchinson By: Heather Harrison Fall 2018 Hist1161-101 Barbara Wells Sarudy - blogger889 × 1039Search by imageAnne Hutchinson challenged many beliefs of the Puritan leaders of the Massachusetts Bay Colony.

2. Thesis • How did the banishment of Anne Hutchinson from the Massachusetts colony transpire? • Anne Hutchison was a woman who made an impression the minute she set foot in Massachusetts. She had a vision and wanted to preach it to the people, even if it was in a world where woman were still viewed at the same level as children. That they should be seen and not heard. Unfortunately she was still light years ahead of her time, and the woman's suffrage and rights movement. This ended up with her standing trial, against the white man, defending what they call her heretic ways. This is when she ends up getting banished and she then settles in Rhode Island.

3. “Who is Anne Hutchinson?” • Author: Rebecca Beatrice Brooks • Link: http://historyofmassachusetts.org/anne-hutchinson/ • Summary: This web page gives a time line of Anne Hutchinson’s life, starting from birth and walks through her life step by step, all the way to her death. At every stop it has a quote talking about events that have happened during her life. She starts learning to be who she was through her father who educated her. Then moving onto a Friendship with Cotton who encourages her preach her faith to others. Leading up to her trial and banishment. To her final stop in life in Rhode Island where she was laid to rest, being known as an extraordinary woman. • Evaluation: This is a credible source written by a freelance writer who has a B.A. in journalism and wrote for newspapers. She also used a lot of reputable sites, as resources, to write this article.

4. “Anne Hutchinson” • Author: New World Encyclopedia authors and editors • http://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Anne_Hutchinson • Summary: This article gives an overview of the life of Anne Hutchinson. Not only does it talk about how she started out, her trial, and banishment. It also talks about how her influence can be interoperated in modern time. Her religious views are also explained. This article also lets the reader know what legacy she left behind. • Evaluation: This source is an extremely reputable one because it is done by a well known encyclopedia that schools have used for generations, it also has a lot of resources listed that were used.

5. “Anne Hutchinson Versus Massachusetts” • Author: Wellington Newcomb • Link: http://www.americanheritage.com/content/anne-hutchinson-versus-massachusetts • Summary: This article was written about Anne Hutchinson during her trial. It gives the reader more of a story line feel, which gives you an emotional connection to her. It’s a very good read and makes you feel as if you are there, feeling whet she felt, and hearing her thoughts while she was standing trial. It also keeps with the true historical facts. • Evaluation: This article would seem to be a good resource because it was written in a well known historical magazine, that gets edited by Pulitzer prize winners. The author was also a New York Lawyer, so, he would have been able to give a good view of what the view from a court room would be.

6. “The Puritans and Dissent: The Cases of Roger Williams and Anne Hutchinson” • Author: Francis J. Bremer • Link: https://www.gilderlehrman.org/history-by-era/religion-and-eighteenth-century-revivalism/essays/puritans-and-dissent-cases-roger-wi • Summary: This article really dives more into the religious aspects of the trial, the banishment of Anne Hutchinson, and the way religion was viewed during the time. This helps the reader understand why, at this time, it was such a big deal that a woman took on the role of a man in the church. He explains the role of each person that took part in the trial and reminds students learning about it, to have a broader point of view, so they can understand why things happened the way they did. He also wanted to bring light how debates work, plus that actions and beliefs can lead to heated differences of opinions. • Evaluation: This article would be a good resource because the site it came from is the Gilder Lehrman Institute of American History is the nation’s leading American history organization dedicated to K–12 education.

7. “Anne HutchinsonBrief life of Harvard's "midwife": 1595-1643” • Author: PETER G. GOMES • Link: https://harvardmagazine.com/2002/11/anne-hutchinson.html • Summary: In this article he describes Anne Hutchinson's battel against the man. He talks of how she paved the way for a different kind of church to emerge. It is not a very long article, but it gives a brief enough view to understand that she was a pioneer of her time. • Evaluation: This source does have some historical significance even if it is a short article. I was written in a well known magazine The Harvard. The author was also a preacher, who is also a professor.

8. “Anne HutchinsonMassachusetts Religious Dissident” • Author: Jone Johnson Lewis • Link: https://www.thoughtco.com/anne-hutchinson-biography-3528775 • Summary: This was a very factual timeline of Anne Hutchinson's start and descent in her religious quest. It also goes all the way through to her death, and gives a family tree outline. It gives a very interesting and easy to follow breakdown in the categories on how her life progressed in steps. As well as, adds a category of how her struggles can be compared to struggles in times today. • Evaluation: This article has historical significance and has a list of good resources. The site itself seems to be a resources used by teachers and students for a variety of different subjects, meaning it’s used for education. The author also has an extensive background being a humanist minister, writer, coach, and teacher who has researched women's history around the world and in different eras.

9. “An Evaluation of The trial of Anne Hutchinson” • Author: Brandon Johnson • Link: https://freebooksummary.com/an-evaluation-of-the-trial-of-anne-hutchinson-77137 • Summary: This is actually a book summary of The Trial of Anne Hutchinson. This author starts out by talking about how nowadays we have the ability to speak our minds and then goes into how it did not used to be that way. This is when he introduces Anne Hutchinson and gives a factual description of the struggles she endured. He also compares her struggles with Jesus and how she stood up for her beliefs and even compares the situation if she had been male. He then ends on open ended questions of the judicial system, that will leave you thinking. • Evaluation: Even though there are some opinion based comments in this article it is based off of a well known reputable book, so, it makes the source credible. This site is also dedicated to all different kinds of books and is a resources for teachers and students.

10. “The Times and Trials of Anne Hutchinson” • Author: Michael Winship • Link: http://historicalsolutions.stratumsites.com/ArticlesDetail.asp?id=140 • Summary: In the article the author is critiquing Winship’s book about Anne Hutchinson. He gives an overview of her history and goes into how each person played a part in her life, and whether of not it was a good representation. You can tell the author looks to her as an influential person, but has some criticism of the way she was portrayed in the book. But, it also gives an in-depth view into analyzing her and the events that took place, aside from his thought on the book. • Evaluation: This is a very good resource because it can give other prospective and the author has been doing historical research for some time. The author also stated he had a good knowledge base on the subject because of his graduate work at Indiana University Bloomington.

11. “Anne Hutchinson: Foremother of Religious Tolerance” • Author: Christina Maria Paschyn • Link: http://msmagazine.com/blog/2015/03/10/anne-hutchinson-foremother-of-religious-tolerance/ • Summary: This article opens up with talking about how Anne Hutchinson is an influential woman, even now because women still do not have the ability to preach in every denomination of Christianity. It then talks of her rise up in the church and how it also ends up being her demise because she is a woman. It speaks of her relationship with god and her banishment from the colony, but it still did not make her budge from her beliefs. At the end of the article it mentions, that even though she was banished back then, Boston looks up to her courage now and recognizes her. • Evaluation: This article had historical accuracy and was written by an international journalist who has a very extensive amount of schooling in writing, because of these reasons this would be a good resource to use.

12. “Anne Hutchinson Trials: 1637 And 1638” • Author: Kathryn Cullen-DuPont • Link: http://www.encyclopedia.com/people/philosophy-and-religion/protestant-christianity-biographies/anne-hutchinson • Summary: This article is all about facts, in the beginning it lists who was present during the trial, from the judge to the lawyers. It gives information of the significance of the trial and what she was summoned for. It give a description of why the church wanted her charged. Then gives what the after math of the trial was. • Evaluation: This is a valid reference because it is an encyclopedia, which is a common resource students use. It also gives a long list of other reading sources to check out if a person needs more information. The author is also well known award winning author.

13. “Anne Hutchinson PERSISTED...” • Author: Mary Beth Danielson • Link: http://marybethdanielson.com/content/anne-hutchinson-persisted • Summary: The author stats who Anne Hutchinson is and what her background was that made her into the religious figure she was. It then talks of how after her father died, she marries a man, and that is the reason she made the pilgrimage to Boston. She becomes friends with Cotton and learns the scripture in a way that makes her stand up and preach to crowds of people, who ends up being her followers. She explains how this is what caused her banishment, and that she saw her as extremely faithful to her beliefs. • Evaluation: This is a good article to use as a resource because this author has been writing for many years, wrote novels, and wrote many different news columns.

14. Conclusion • Anne Hutchinson was born into being extraordinary, because of her father who was a bishop and homeschooled her, when women were not allowed to have formal educations. • She looses her father and marries a man, with whom she travels across the ocean to Boston and meet John Cotton. It is this meeting that causes a spiritual awakening in her and she starts to teach her beliefs to anyone who was willing to listen, including men. • She had crossed a threshold, but this did not sit well with everyone. This is when she was summoned to court and asked to plead her case, as to why she was taking a role made for a man. • She never backed down from what she believed and ended up being banished from Boston. This act a courage, which was way before her time, is what makes her an influential person through out the ages.

15. Works Cited • Bremer, F. J. (n.d.). History by Era. Retrieved from the Gilder Lehrman Institute of American History: https://www.gilderlehrman.org/history-by-era/religion-and-eighteenth-century-revivalism/essays/puritans-and-dissent-cases-roger-wi • Brooks, R. B. (2015, January 26). Who Was Anne Hutchinson? Retrieved from History of Massachusetts Blog: http://historyofmassachusetts.org/anne-hutchinson/ • Danielson, M. B. (n.d.). Anne Hutchinson PERSISTED... Retrieved from Mary Betth Danielson Writes.: http://marybethdanielson.com/content/anne-hutchinson-persisted • editors, N. W. (2016, November 19). Anne Hutchinson. Retrieved from New World Encyclopedia: http://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Anne_Hutchinson • GOMES, P. G. (2002, November-December). Anne Hutchinson. Retrieved from Harvard Magazine: https://harvardmagazine.com/2002/11/anne-hutchinson.html • Johnson, B. (n.d.). An Evaluation of The trial of Anne Hutchinson. Retrieved from Free Book Summary: https://freebooksummary.com/an-evaluation-of-the-trial-of-anne-hutchinson-77137

16. Works Cited • Kathryn Cullen-DuPont. (2002). Anne Hutchinson. Retrieved from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/people/philosophy-and-religion/protestant-christianity-biographies/anne-hutchinson • Lewis, J. J. (2017, November 19). Anne Hutchinson. Retrieved from ThoughtCo.: https://www.thoughtco.com/anne-hutchinson-biography-3528775 • Newcomb, W. (1974, June). Anne Hutchinson Versus Massachusetts. Retrieved from Ammerican Heritage: http://www.americanheritage.com/content/anne-hutchinson-versus-massachusetts • Paschyn, C. M. (2015, March 10). Ms. Blog. Retrieved from Ms. Magazine: http://msmagazine.com/blog/2015/03/10/anne-hutchinson-foremother-of-religious-tolerance/ • Winship, M. (2008, September 24). Ideas and Inspiration Through History. Retrieved from Historical Solutions: http://historicalsolutions.stratumsites.com/ArticlesDetail.asp?id=140