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1. AllAssignmentHelp Essay

2. Abstract • Answer1: The objective of the paper is to determine the percentage of the content of Al2O3, SiO3, CaO, and V2O5, etc. in Pozzolanic Cement. • Answer2: The following are the contribution of the author such as the author has carried out pilot experiments in order to conduct the study successfully, physical properties of RFCC spent catalyst, as well as the produced cement, was also tested for inclusive strength, setting time, as well as consistency. • Answer3: The main results that are mentioned in the abstract are the following; the percentages of the content mentioned above are 49.5, 41.1, 0.32, 1.4, and 0.09 respectively. It has also been found that the percentage of SiO2, Al2O3, as well as Fe2O3 amount up to 91.5 percent which is more than the ASTM standard. The study has also found that the strength of the concerned cement decreases with an increase in the content of Pozzolanic. • Answer4: Yes, the abstract serves as a summary of the paper, presenting the objective, scope, and results.

3. Introduction • Answer1: The research problem is what are the major consequences of disposal of spent catalyst to the oil refineries? • Answer2: The author has stated that the catalyst active sites are unalterably covered by the impurities of the chemicals which lead to a permanent decrease in catalyst activity and require the catalyst to be replaced by a new catalyst. • Answer3: There are two earlier works which are cited by the authors. The first earlier work highlights that for the oil refineries the disposal of spent catalyst is a major concern that might be a perceived drawback of this work. The second work highlights that Pozzolanas includes several natural materials such as volcanic origin, burnt clays, pulverized fuel ash, and spent oil shale. There is a possibility that Pozzolanas does not include the materials mentioned above and it is one of the perceived drawbacks of the earlier work cited.

4. Methodology • Answer1: The author has used sampling and experiment method to address the research problem. • Answer2: Both the methodologies use the same technique that is collecting the sample and conducting an experiment to address the research problem. • https://www.allassignmenthelp.com/

5. Results and Conclusions • Answer1: The following are the results obtained by the authors; • 1. Chemical analysis: in this part, the percentage of different contents has been identified such as the percentage of Al2O3 is 49.514 %, SiO2 is 41.113%, Na2O is 0.350%, MgO is 0.198%, P2S5 is 1.363%, SO3 is 0.141%, etc. • 2. Determination of Crystallinity: the result shows that the spent catalyst is an amorphous material. • 3. Pozzolanicity Index: the result shows that the degree of Pozzolanicity of RFCC is 65 percent at two days curing and 92 percent at 28 days curing time. In early curing time, it is almost close to the strength of the ordinary Portland cement. • 4. Comprehensive Strength: the result shows that the enhancement in strength occurs after two days of curing time at replacement level of 10%. At the seven days it is 20 percent, and at the 28 days, it is 30 percent. • 5.Consistency and Setting Time: the result shows that the demand for water increased with the increase in the content of Pozzolana.

6. Critical Analysis • The research on the topic “Manufacture of Pozzolanic Cement from RFCC Spent Catalyst in Khartoum Refinery” has been conducted by Human E Mustafa and Gurashi A Gasmelseed and published in July 2016. The objective of the research is to determine the percentage of the content of Al2O3, SiO3, CaO, and V2O5, etc. in Pozzolanic Cement. Therefore, in order to determine the percentage of Al2O3, SiO3, CaO, and V2O5, etc. in Pozzolanic Cement the researchers have conducted a pilot experiment. They have provided a very brief introduction to the topic of concern or research. The introduction of the paper should be more detailed in order to gain in-depth knowledge about the topic although they have presented an accurate and clear idea about the topic. • https://www.allassignmenthelp.com/java-assignment-help.html