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JAVA BASICS 2 A class can be placed in a package This facilitates organizing the classes Each module can have a number of classes All these can be placed in one package : import com.abc.transport.Car; // need to import classes in other packages public class Travel{ public static void main (String[] args) { Car c = new Car(); c.setType("Audi"); System.out.println("My car is : "+ c.getType()); } } package com.abc.transport; // class Car is placed in package public class Car extends Vehicle { } Access specifiers: //Compile : javac –d . *.java
All private members can be accessed by the same class only All protected members can be accessed by same, child class and classes in same package All default members can be accessed by same and classes in same package All public members can be accessed by all classes in any package
To print an object, System.out.println(obj); Will display on console com.abc.transport.Car@110b053 In order to print something useful, we have to override toString() method which is defined in Object class public String toString() { return “Car is ”+type; } Now the output will be Car is Audi The method .equals(Object obj) compares current object with another object The output is always false as the default implementation in Object class is comparison of references To change the implementation override the method public boolean equals(Object obj) { return this.type == ((Car)obj).getType ();
} Now the return will be true if type is same in both objects public class Employee { private final String companyName = “ABC Ltd”; private final String location; public Employee () { this.location = “Bangalore”; } public Employee (String location) { this.location = location; } } A final instance variable should be initialized during declaration OR in the constructor. We can use parameterized constructor to initialize from outside. new Employee(“Mumbai”); public class StaticTest { public static String str = "Bangalore";
public static void main (String [] args) { StaticTest st1 = new StaticTest(); System.out.println("st1.str :" + st1.str); StaticTest st2 = new StaticTest(); st2.str = "Delhi"; System.out.println("now st1.str :" + st1.str); } } Output is : st1.str :Bangalore now st1.str :Delhi All static fields are shared between objects public class CheckString { public static void main(String[] args) { String str = "This is a city"; StringBuffer sbf = new StringBuffer("This is a city"); System.out.println("sbf = "+sbf); CheckString cs = new CheckString(); cs.updateMe(str); System.out.println("str = "+str); cs.updateMe(sbf);
System.out.println("now sbf = "+sbf); } public void updateMe(StringBuffer sbf) { sbf.append(" - Bangalore"); } public void updateMe(String str) { str = str.concat( " - Bangalore"); System.out.println("str in updateMe = "+str); } String passwordPattern = "^(?=.*[0-9])(?=.*[a-z])(?=.*[A-Z])(?=.*[@#$%^&+=])(?=\\S+$).{8,}$“; Regular Expression Description ^ start of line (?=.*[0-9]) At least one digit (?=.*[a-z]) At least one lower case alphabet (?=.*[A-Z]) At least one upper case alphabet (?=.*[@#$%^&+=]) At least one special character in the bracket (?=\\S+$) No white space allowed
.{8,} At least 8 characters $ end of line String pswd= "albertLeo@6"; Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile(passwordPattern); Matcher matcher = pattern.matcher(pswd); System.out.println(matcher.matches()); String emailPattern = "^[_A-Za-z0-9-\\+]+(\\.[_A-Za-z0-9-]+)*@[A-Za-z0-9-]+(\\.[A- Za-z0-9]+)*(\\.[A-Za-z]{2,})$"; Regular Expression Description ^ start of line [_A-Za-z0-9-\\+]+ must start with string in the bracket AND must contain one or more of the string (\\.[_A-Za-z0-9-]+)* follow by a period '.' AND string in the bracket one or more AND is optional @[A-Za-z0-9-]+ must contain a '@' followed by string in the bracket one or more (\\.[A-Za-z0-9]+)* follow by a period '.' AND string in the bracket one or more AND is optional
(\\.[A-Za-z]{2,}) follow by a period '.' AND string in the bracket at least 2 characters $ end of line For More Information Learn Java Training in Bangalore at Zenrays Technologies At +91 9916482106.