Kurukshetra Magazine 2020

ISSN-0971-8397 `22 twu2020 izkS|ksfxdh iQksdl m|ksx 4-0 MkW jathr esgrk lks'ky ehfM;k % lkoZHkkSfed rFkk O;kid :i ls izHkkoh vfer jatu vVy uoizorZu fe'ku uokpkj dks c<+kok vkj je.ku ueu vxzoky fgeka'kq vxzoky fo'ks"k vkys[k dksfoM&19 fo"kk.kq foKku MkW ljkg psfj;u MkW fç;k vczkge

fodkl iFk vkRefuHkZj Hkkjr ç HkweaMyhÑr nqfu;k esa vkRefuHkZjrk osQ ek;us cny x, gSaA Hkkjr dh laLÑfr] Hkkjr osQ laLdkj] ml vkRefuHkZjrk dh ckr djrs gSa ftldh vkRek olqèkSo oqQVqacde gSA Hkkjr tc vkRefuHkZjrk dh ckr djrk gS] rks vkReosQafær O;oLFkk dh odkyr ugha djrkA mUgksaus dgk fd Hkkjr dh çxfr esa rks ges'kk fo'o dh çxfr lekfgr jgh gSA nqfu;k dks fo'okl gksus yxk gS fd Hkkjr cgqr vPNk dj ldrk gS] ekuo tkfr osQ dY;k.k osQ fy, cgqr oqQN vPNk ns ldrk gSA loky ;g gS& fd vkf•j oSQls\ bl loky dk Hkh mÙkj gS& 130 djksM+ ns'kokfl;ksa dk vkRefuHkZj Hkkjr dk ladYiA vkRefuHkZj Hkkjr osQ ikap LraHk vkRefuHkZj Hkkjr dh ;s HkO; bekjr] 5 LraHkksa ij •M+h gksxhA mUgksaus dgk fd igyk LraHk ,d ,slh vFkZO;oLFkk tks baØhesaVy psat (o`f¼'khy ifjorZu) ugha cfYd DokaVe tEi yk,A nwljk LraHk baÚkLVªDpj (cqfu;knh <kapk) tks vkèkqfud Hkkjr dh igpku cusA rhljk LraHk& gekjk flLVe (ç.kkyh) tks chrh 'krkCnh dh jhfr&uhfr ugha] cfYd 21oha lnh osQ liuksa dks lkdkj djus okyh VsDuksykWth fMªou O;oLFkkvksa ij vkèkkfjr gksA pkSFkk LraHk& gekjh ok;ozsaV MseksxzkiQh (tulkaf[;dh) gekjh rkdr gS] tks vkRefuHkZj Hkkjr osQ fy, gekjh ÅtkZ dk Ïksr gSA ikapoka LraHk& fMekaM (ekax) & gekjh vFkZO;oLFkk esa fMekaM vkSj lIykbZ psu dk tks pØ gS] tks rkdr gS] mls iwjh {kerk ls bLrseky fd, tkus dh t:jr gSA vkRefuHkZj Hkkjr vfHk;ku osQ fy, fo'ks"k vkfFkZd iSosQt çèkkuea=kh us ,d fo'ks"k vkfFkZd iSosQt dh ?kks"k.kk dhA dksfoM ladV osQ nkSjku ljdkj }kjk blls igys dh xbZ ?kks"k.kkvksa vkSj vkjchvkbZ }kjk fy, x, fu.kZ;ksa ls tqM+h jkf'k dks feyk nsus ij ;g iSosQt 20 yk• djksM+ #i;s dk gS] tks Hkkjr dh thMhih osQ yxHkx 10 çfr'kr osQ cjkcj gSA mUgksaus dgk fd ;g iSosQt ^vkRefuHkZj Hkkjr* cukus osQ y{; dks çkIr djus dh fn'kk esa dkiQh lgk;d lkfcr gksxk tks Hkwfe] Je] fyDohfMVh (rjyrk) vkSj dkuwuksa ij iQksdl djsxkA ;g oqQVhj m|ksx] ,e,l,ebZ] etnwjksa] eè;e oxZ] m?kksxksa lfgr fofHkÂ oxks± dh t:jrksa dks iwjk djsxkA fiNys Ng o"kks± esa ykxw fd, x, lqèkkjksa esa ls ,d tuèku&vkèkkj&eksckby & ts,,e dh f=k'kfDr osQ ldkjkRed çHkko osQ ckjs esa ckr djrs gq, çèkkuea=kh us dgk fd bu lqèkkjksa osQ dkj.k vkt ladV osQ bl le; Hkh Hkkjr dh O;oLFkk,a vfèkd l{ke] vfèkd leFkZ ut+j vkb± gSaA ojuk dkSu lksp ldrk Fkk fd Hkkjr ljdkj tks èkkuea=kh us 12 ebZ 2020 dks jk‘ª dks lacksfèkr djrs gq, ^vkRefuHkZj Hkkjr* cukus dk vkàku fd;kA mUgksaus dgk fd iSlk Hkstsxh] oks iwjk dk iwjk xjhc dh tsc esa] fdlku dh tsc esa igqap ik,xkA ysfdu ;s gqvkA vc fjiQkWElZ osQ ml nk;js dks O;kid djuk gS] ubZ ÅapkbZ nsuh gSA ns'k dks vkRefuHkZj cukus osQ fy, dbZ lkgfld lqèkkjksa dh vko';drk gSA mUgksaus dgk fd ;s lqèkkj •srh ls tqM+h iwjh lIykbZ psu esa gksaxs] rkfd fdlku Hkh l'kDr gks vkSj Hkfo"; esa dksjksuk tSls fdlh nwljs ladV esa Ñf"k ij de ls de vlj gksA ;s lqèkkj rdZlaxr dj ç.kkyh] ljy vkSj Li‘ fu;e&dkuwu] mÙke baÚkLVªDpj] leFkZ vkSj l{ke ekuo lalkèku vkSj ,d etcwr foÙkh; ç.kkyh osQ fuekZ.k osQ fy, gksaxsA ;s fjiQkWElZ] fctusl dks çksRlkfgr djsaxs] fuos'k dks vkdf"kZr djsaxs vkSj êsd bu bafM;k* osQ gekjs ladYi dks l'kDr djsaxsA çèkkuea=kh us dgk fd vkRefuHkZjrk ns'k dks oSf'od vkiwfrZ Ükà•yk esa dM+h çfrLièkkZ osQ fy, rS;kj djsxh] vkSj ;g vko';d gS fd ns'k bl çfrLièkkZ esa vo'; gh thr gkfly djsA ;g u osQoy fofHkÂ lsDVjksa esa n{krk c<+k,xk] cfYd xq.koÙkk Hkh lqfuf'pr djsxkA mUgksaus dgk fd ladV us gesa yksdy (LFkkuh; ;k Lons'kh) fofuekZ.k] yksdy cktkj vkSj yksdy vkiwfrZ Ükà•ykvksa osQ fo'ks"k egRo dks fl•k fn;k gSA ladV osQ nkSjku gekjh lHkh t:jrsa ^LFkkuh; Lrj ij* ;kuh ns'k esa gh iwjh gqb±A çèkkuea=kh us dgk fd gj Hkkjroklh dks vius yksdy osQ fy, oksdy cuuk gS] u fliQZ yksdy mRikn •jhnus gSa] cfYd mudk xoZ ls çpkj Hkh djuk gSA n vkRefuHkZj Hkkjr vfHk;ku vkfFkZd iSdst 8]01]603 djksM+ #i;s Hkkjrh; fjtoZ cSad ds mik; 5]94]550 djksM+ #i;s Hkkx&1 20]97]053 djksM+ #i;s 1]92]800 djksM+ #i;s iz/kuea=kh xjhc dY;k.k iSdst 3]10]000 djksM+ #i;s Hkkx&2 1]50]000 djksM+ #i;s Hkkx&3 48]100 djksM+ #i;s Hkkx&4 ,oa 5 lzksr % i=k lwpuk dk;kZy;

twu 2020 T;s"B&vk"kk<+] 'kd laor~ 1942 o"kZ % 64 vad % 6 ewY; % ` 22 i`"B % 56 osclkbV www.publicationsdivision.nic.in çèkku laiknd %/hjt flag ofj"B laiknd %oqQyJs"B dey laiknd %MkW eerk jkuh laikndh; dk;kZy; 648] lwpuk Hkou] lhthvks ifjlj] yksèkh jksM] u;h fnYyh&110 003 nwjHkk"k (izèkku laiknd)% 24369422 la;qDr funs'kd (mRiknu) %oh osQ eh.kk vkoj.k %jkts'k dqekj bl vad esa izoklh vkSj vkfFkZd fodkl lqfprk Ñ".kizlkn ---------------------------------34 ykWdMkmu esa vkWuykbu f'k{k.k MkW osQ Mh çlkn MkW Hkkuq çrki flag -------------------------------39 Hkkjrh; flusek esa izkS|ksfxdh dk cnyrk Lo:i lat; JhokLro -------------------------------------45 Hkkjr oSKkfud çdk'ku okys ns'kksa esa rhljs LFkku ij ---------------------------------49 Ñf"k mit O;kikj iksVZy bZ&uke IysViQkWeZ ------------------------------------50 iQksdl m|ksx 4-0 MkW jathr esgrk ---------------------------------6 vVy uoizorZu fe'ku % uokpkj dks c<+kok vkj je.ku] ueu vxzoky fgeka'kq vxzoky -------------------------------------11 ;kstuk dk y{; ns'k osQ vkfFkZd fodkl ls lacafèkr eqn~nksa dk ljdkjh uhfr;ksa osQ O;kid lanHkZ esa xgjkbZ ls fo'ys"k.k dj bu ij foe'kZ osQ fy, ,d thoar eap miyCèk djkuk gSA ;kstuk esa izdkf'kr ys[kksa esa O;Dr fopkj ys[kdksa osQ vius gSaA t:jh ugha fd ;s ys[kd Hkkjr ljdkj osQ ftu ea=kky;ksa] foHkkxksa vFkok laxBuksa ls lac¼ gSa] mudk Hkh ;gh n`f"Vdks.k gksA ;kstuk esa izdkf'kr foKkiuksa dh fo"k;oLrq osQ fy, ;kstuk mÙkjnk;h ugha gSaA ;kstuk esa izdkf'kr vkys[kksa esa iz;qDr ekufp=k o izrhd vkf/dkfjd ugha gS] cfYd lkaosQfrd gSaA ;s ekufp=k ;k izrhd fdlh Hkh ns'k dk vkfèkdkfjd izfrfuf/Ro ugha djrs gSaA ;kstuk eaxokus dh njsa ,d o"kZ% ` 230] nks o"kZ% ` 430] rhu o"kZ% ` 610 lks'ky ehfM;k % lkoZHkkSfed rFkk O;kid :i ls izHkkoh vfer jatu -------------------------------------------16 fMftVy bafM;k MkW 'khry diwj-------------------------------------21 Ñf=ke es/k ls LFkkuh;dj.k ckysUnq 'kekZ nèkhp --------------------------------25 if=kdk u feyus dh f'kdk;r osQ fy, helpdesk1.dpd@gmail.com ij bZesy djsa] ;kstuk dh lnL;rk ysus ;k iqjkus vad eaxkus osQ fy, Hkh blh bZesy ij fy[ksa ;k laidZ djsa& nwjHkk"k% 011&24367453 vf/d tkudkjh osQ fy, laidZ djsaµ osafVysVj ^LoLFk ok;q* dk fodkl ------------51 ,e,l,ebZ pSafi;Ul iksVZy --------------------51 djsalh uksVksa dks dhVk.kqeqDr djus osQ fy, Lopkfyr ;woh flLVe -------------52 dksfoM&19% uoksUes"kh lekèkku çfr;ksfxrk ---------------------------------------------53 fu;fer LraHk fodkl iFk vkRefuHkZj Hkkjr ----------------------------doj&2 D;k vki tkurs gSa\ m".kdfVcaèkh; pØokr ----------------------54 fo'ks"k vkys[k dksfoM&19 fo"kk.kq foKku MkW ljkg psfj;u MkW fç;k vczkge ------------------------------28 laiknd (izlkj ,oa foKkiu) çlkj ,oa foKkiu vuqHkkx çdk'ku foHkkx] dejk la- 56] Hkwry] lwpuk Hkou] lhthvks ifjlj] yksèkh jksM] u;h fnYyh&110003 izdk'ku foHkkx osQ ns'k Hkj esa fLFkr foØ; osQanzksa dh lwph osQ fy, ns[ksa i`-la- 44 @DPD_India fganh] vlfe;k] ckaXyk] vaxzsth] xqtjkrh] dUuM+] ey;kye] rfey] rsyqxq] ejkBh] vksfM;k] iatkch rFkk mnwZ esa ,d lkFk izdkf'krA

vkidh jk; fl¼kUr dks vkaf'kd :i esa ykxw djrs gq, dk;Zikfydk dk U;k;ikfydk ls foHkktu fd;k x;k gSA lafoèkku fuekZrkvksa us vius vFkd esgur o nwjn'khZ lksp ls bl lafoèkku dk fuekZ.k fd;k gSA lafoèkku osQ vuqPNsn 368 esa la'kksèku dk micaèk fd;k gS rkfd lafoèkku ges'kk thoar cuk jgsA blh vuqPNsn dk ç;ksx djrs gq, o"kZ 1951 esa çFke la'kksèku dj ukSoha vuqlwph dks tksM+k x;kA lkFk gh yksxksa osQ fgrksa dh j{kk osQ fy, Hkkx 3 esa 6 çdkj osQ ekSfyd vfèkdkjksa dk micaèk fd;k x;k gS vkSj budh j{kk dk nkf;Ro lokZsPp U;k;ky; vkSj mPp U;k;ky; dks lkSaik x;k gSA ogh vuqPNsn 51d esa 11 ekSfyd drZO;ksa dks Hkh micafèkr fd;k x;k gSA Hkkjr ges'kk ls gh oSf'od 'kkafr dk i{kèkj jgk gS vkSj bldh iqf‘ lafoèkku osQ vuqPNsn 51 ls gksrh gS ftlesa dgk x;k gS fd Hkkjr varjjk‘ªh; 'kkafr vkSj lao`f¼ dh LFkkiuk osQ fy, dk;Z djsxkA eSa i=k osQ var esa dguk pkgwaxh fd ¶gesa vfèkdkjksa osQ miHkksx osQ lkFk&lkFk drZO;ksa osQ ikyu ij Hkh cy nsuk pkfg,A** ubZ LokLF; O;oLFkk ;kstuk dk ebZ vad iwjk bZ&laLdj.k osQ ekè;e ls i<+kA 'kq#vkr esa gh ^fodkl iFk* ij bl lnh osQ lcls cM+h chekjh vkSj baVjusV vkèkkfjr thou 'kSyh dks cgqr xaHkhjrk ls le>k;k x;k gSA ^laikndh;* us fo"kk.kqjksèkh vkSj ijthohjksèkh tkudkjh] rFkk Ñf=ke esèkk vkSj baVjusV vkWiQ fFkaXl dks ^ubZ LokLF; O;oLFkk* osQ vUrxZr 'kkfey fd;k gSA çeq• vkys• osQ vUrxZr 'kkfey ^LokLF; lwpdkad* vkèkkfjr tkudkjh çfr;ksfx;ksa dh Hkjiwj lgk;rk djrh utj vk jgh gSA blls lacafèkr vkadM+s vkSj xzkiQ ge lHkh dk ekxZn'kZu dj jgs gSaA dfork flag usa LokLF; vkSj ifjokj dY;k.k ea=kky; dh lHkh iq[rk tkudkjh ge lHkh ls lk>k dh gSA ^u;s ;qx osQ lekèkku* esa u;h pqukSfr;ksa vkSj voljksa osQ fo"k; esa le>k;k x;k gSA oqQy feykdj ;g vad Hkfo"; esa dkiQh lgk;d fl¼ gksus okyk gS] bls cgqr laHkkydj j•us dh t:jr gSA fd;k tk ldrk gSA Hkkjrh; lafoèkku esa ekSfyd vfèkdkjksa dk ltx çgjh 'kh"kZ U;k;ky; vkSj mPpre U;k;ky; dks cuk;k x;k gSA Hkkjr dk lafoèkku dBksjrk vkSj yphykiu dk feJ.k gSA blfy, blesa u rks T;knk la'kksèku gq, gSa vkSj u gh de la'kksèku gq, gSaA lafoèkku osQ Hkkx 4d] vuqPNsn 51d esa 11 ekSfyd drZO;ksa dks dh ppkZ dh xbZ gS ftlesa lksfo;r la?k :l ls çHkkfor 10 drZO;ksa dks 42osa lafoèkku la'kksèku vfèkfu;e] 1976 }kjk vkSj 11osa ekSfyd drZO; dks fN;kflosa la'kksèku }kjk lafoèkku esa tksM+k x;k gSA Hkkjrh; lafoèkku nqfu;k dk lcls vPNk lafoèkku ekuk tkrk gS D;ksafd blesa lekt osQ lHkh oxks± osQ fgrksa dks lqj{kk çnku fd;k x;k gSA var esa dgk tk ldrk gS fd Hkkjrh; lafoèkku yksdrkaf=kd ewY;ksa osQ laj{k.k ,oa ekuorkoknh n`f‘dks.k ls lekos'kh yksdra=k dh LFkkiuk ij cy nsrk gSA &fçal oqQekj xqIrk çkscksfèk ljk;] gkthiqj] oS'kkyh] fcgkj vfèkdkjksa osQ lkFk&lkFk drZO;ksa osQ ikyu ij Hkh cy t:jh ^Hkkjr dk lafoèkku* ij vkèkkfjr vçSy] 2020 dk vad i<+kA vad csgn jkspd tkudkfj;ksa ls ifjiw.kZ jgkA eSa foxr 8 eghus ls fodkl dks lefiZr bl if=kdk dh ikfBdk gwaA bl if=kdk dks i<+us ls eq>s larqf‘ feyrh gS D;ksafd blesa esjs ilan osQ dkiQh vPNs&vPNs vkys• gksrs gSaA Hkkjrh; lafoèkku nqfu;k dk lcls fo'kky vkSj vPNk lafoèkku gSA bldk fuekZ.k lafoèkku lHkk }kjk fd;k x;k gSA Hkys gh lafoèkku dk fuekZ.k lafoèkku lHkk }kjk fd;k x;k gS] ysfdu blosQ fuekZ.k esa vfregRoiw.kZ Hkwfedk lHkk osQ çk:i lfefr osQ vè;{k MkW Hkhejko vkacsMdj dh jgh gSA blfy, mUgsa Hkkjrh; lafoèkku dk tUenkrk dgk tkrk gSA Hkkjr osQ lafoèkku esa lalnh; lokZsPprk vkSj U;kf;d lokZsPprk osQ chp leUo; LFkkfir fd;k gSA ljdkj osQ lHkh vaxksa dks lafoèkku osQ vuqlkj gh dk;Z djus dh vuqefr gSA ;g yksdra=k dks LFkkfir djus ij cy nsrk gSA lafoèkku osQ vuqPNsn 50 esa Úkalhlh fo}ku eksUVsLD;w }kjk çfrikfnr 'kfDr i`FkDdj.k µ nsos'k f=kikBh µ Le`fr jkt xzke&esUÞnqikj] lar dchjuxj] m-ç- Hkkjrh; lafoèkku nqfu;k dk lcls vPNk ;kstuk ds vçSy] 2020 vad ls Hkkjrh; lafoèkku osQ fofHkÂ vk;keksa osQ lacaèk esa tkudkjh feyhA eSa flfoy lsok dh rS;kjh esa lefiZr Nk=k gwaA Hkkjrh; lafoèkku dk fuekZ.k oSQfcusV fe'ku ;kstuk] 1946 osQ varxZr lafoèkku lHkk }kjk fd;k x;k gSA 26 tuojh] 1950 dks ykxw bl lafoèkku esa oqQy 395 vuqPNsn] 22 Hkkx vkSj 12 vuqlwfp;ka gSaA ;g nqfu;k dk lcls fo'kky lafoèkku gS ftlesa vuqPNsnksa vkSj mi vuqPNsnksa dks feykdj oqQy 440 ls Hkh vfèkd vuqPNsn gSA vuqPNsn 32 esa micafèkr laoSèkkfud mipkjksa dk vfèkdkj ekSfyd vfèkdkjksa dks ykxw djus dk ,d gfFk;kj gSA blosQ varxZr ekSfyd vfèkdkjksa osQ guu gksus ij vuqPNsn 32 osQ rgr lhèks mPpre U;k;ky; esa vihy dh tk ldrh gSA lkFk gh vuqPNsn 226 osQ rgr mu vfèkdkjksa osQ guu gksus ij lhèks mPp U;k;ky; esa vihy eqÝrh eksgYyk] oS'kkyh] fcgkj lVhdrk] Li‘rk o Øec¼ :i esa miyCèk lkexzh eSa fiNys 2 o"kks± ls ;kstuk dk fu;fer ikBd gwaA fujarj vè;;u ls eq>sa bl ckr dk vuqHko gqvk gS fd bl if=kdk dh mi;ksfxrk Kku osQ fo'kky •tkus osQ leku gS tks gesa fdlh fo"k; osQ lHkh vk;keksa dks lVhdrk ls ifjfpr djkrh gSaA çR;sd ekg osQ vyx vyx uokpkj vad gesa fdlh fo"k; osQ ml xq.kkRed n'kZu ls ifjp; djkrh gS tks fdlh vU; Ïksr ij bruh lVhdrk] Li‘rk o Øec¼ :i esa miyCèk ugha gSA if=kdk osQ ekpZ ekg dk uokpkj vad osQaæh; ctV gesa ctV osQ ekè;e ls ns'k osQ lHkh vkfFkZd igyqvksa ls HkyhHkkafr ifjfpr djkus esa ,d niZ.k dh Hkkafr dk;Z djrk gSA eSa Vhe dh deZBrk lfØ;rk osQ fy, vkHkkjh gwaA µ lkSjHk oqQekj ;kno gjnksbZ] mÙkj çns'k 4 ;kstuk] twu 2020

laikndh; izkS|ksfxdh ls ljy gksrk thou v cM+s iSekus ij mRiknu FkkA 1990 osQ n'kd ds vkjaHk esa izkS|ksfxdh osQ {ks=k esa vkWVkses'ku osQ tfj;s fMftVy Økafr dk nkSj ns•us dks feykA blosQ ckn oYMZ okbM osc (WWW) dh 'kq#vkr gqbZ vkSj blus lapkj vkSj izkS|ksfxdh dk iwjk uD'kk cny fn;kA vkt Hkh ,d ,slh iwjh ih<+h ekStwn gS] ftlus fcuk eksckby vkSj oaQI;wVj okyk nkSj ns•k gSA ftu yksxksa us ;g nkSj ugha ns•k gS] muosQ fy, bl ckr dh dYiuk djuk Hkh eqf'dy gS fd ykbczsjh esa tkdj dksbZ tkudkjh <wa<+uk fdruk eqf'dy gqvk djrk FkkA gkykafd] vkt vkWuykbu rjhosQ ls dkiQh vklkuh ls ,slk fd;k tk ldrk gSA ftu yksxksa us VsyhiQksu cwFk vkSj ,lVhMh@ihlhvks lsaVj dk nkSj ns•k gS] muosQ fy, ml ih<+h osQ lkFk vius vuqHko lk>k djus osQ fy, dkiQh oqQN gS] tks viuh vfèkdrj t:jrksa osQ fy, eksckby ij fuHkZj gSaA dksjksuk ok;jl ls iSnk gqbZ fLFkfr osQ dkj.k vkt ge igys ls dgha T+;knk izkS|ksfxdh ij fuHkZj gSaA vkt iwjh nqfu;k osQ lkeus cM+h pqukSrh gSA ,sls esa Nk=k&Nk=kkvksa osQ fy, vkWuykbu d{kk,a pykus] izksisQ'kuYl osQ ?kj ls dke djus] cM+s iSekus ij ihihbZ fdV osQ mRiknu ;k vkfVZfiQf'k;y baVsfytsal vkèkkfjr 'kksèk vkSj LokLF; lacaèkh lekèkku is'k djus esa izkS|ksfxdh dh Hkwfedk dkiQh dkjxj jgh gSA CykWd psu] jkscksfVDl vkSj dkWfXufVo ;kuh laKkukRed oaQI;wfVax dh enn ls pkSFkh vkS|ksfxd Økafr (baMLVªh 4-0)] vkWVkses'ku vkSj fofuekZ.k esa mÂr izkS|ksfxdh ds bLrseky dk ekxZ iz'kLr dj jgh gSA blls lalkèkuksa dk T+;knk ls T+;knk mi;ksx laHko gks losQxk] cckZnh osQ fy, xqatkb'k lhfer gksxh vkSj lrr fodkl dh jkg cusxhA tkfgj rkSj ij bl çfØ;k esa yksxksa dh ft+anxh csgrj gksxhA vxj izkS|ksfxdh dk bLrseky uokpkj osQ lkFk fd;k tk,] rks blls tcjnLr laHkkouk,a rS;kj gksaxhA ljdkj vVy uokpkj ;kstuk tSlh igy osQ ekè;e ls vFkZO;oLFkk osQ vyx&vyx {ks=kksa esa uokpkj dks c<+kok ns jgh gSA blosQ rgr lacafèkr i{kksa dks eap vkSj feydj dke djus osQ volj eqgS;k djk, tk jgs gSaA Hkkjr ljdkj osQ egRokdka{kh fMftVy bafM;k dk;ZØe dk edln Hkkjr dks ,d etcwr fMftVy lekt vkSj Kku dh vFkZO;oLFkk cukuk gSA lkFk gh] bl dk;ZØe ls ns'k osQ xzkeh.k bykdksa esa izkS|ksfxdh vkSj lekt osQ fupys rcosQ rd fodkl igqap jgk gSA blls vyx&vyx lkexzh dks cM+s iSekus ij LFkkuh; Hkk"kk esa is'k djus dh t+:jr Hkh iSnk gqbZ gSA Hkkjrh; Hkk"kkvksa dks tkuus&le>us okys yksxksa osQ fy, izkS|ksfxdh vuqHko dks vklku vkSj csgrj cuk;k tk ldrk gSA lwpuk çkS|ksfxdh (vkbZVh) {ks=k dh oaQifu;ka vkfVZfiQf'k;y baVsfytsal dh rkdr dk mi;ksx dj jgh gSa] rkfd muosQ mRikn csgrj gks losQa vkSj LFkkuh; Hkk"kkvksa osQ mi;ksxdrkZvksa rd Hkh bldh igqap laHko gks losQA MsVk dh jh;y&Vkbe ;kuh okLrfod le; esa fuxjkuh tSlh igy ls LFkkuh; yksxksa dh t+:jrksa osQ fglkc ls MsVk dks bdV~Bk djus osQ lkFk&lkFk bldk bLrseky Hkh fd;k tk jgk gSA izkS|ksfxdh us nqfu;k dk rkSj&rjhdk cny fn;k gSA bldh enn ls pØokrksa osQ ckjs esa igys gh vuqeku is'k dj yksxksa dh ftanxh cpkbZ tk jgh gSA lkFk gh] izkS|ksfxdh dh enn ls vkink çcaèku] chekjh dk irk yxkdj ejhtksa osQ bykt vkSj dbZ vU; ekè;eksa ls csgrj vkSj lqjf{kr thou lqfuf'pr fd;k tk jgk gSA dgk tkrk gS fd balku igys izkS|ksfxdh cukrk gS vkSj blosQ ckn izkS|ksfxdh mldh ftanxh cukrh gSA n xj ge VsDuksykWth ;kuh izkS|ksfxdh vkSj blosQ vkxeu dh ckr djsa] rks gj ih<+h osQ fy, blosQ ek;us vyx&vyx gksrs gSaA vkS|ksfxd Økafr;ksa osQ 'kq#vkrh nkSj esa izkS|ksfxdh dk vafre edln 5 ;kstuk] twu 2020

iQksdl m|ksx 4-0 MkW jathr esgrk fo'o vfèkd fo?kVu vkSj uokpkj dh c<+rh xfr dk lkeuk dj jgk gSA okLro esa ,d cgqr gh Økafrdkjh nkSj ls xqt+j jgk gSA ljy mRikn uokpkj ds fnu fleVrs tk jgs gSaA orZeku esa çkS|ksfxdh] çfrHkk vkSj u, uohuhdj.k ikfjfLFkfrdh ra=k mHkj jgs gSa] ftuls gekjs vafre uokpkj çLrkoksa vfèkd ls vfèkd tfVyrkvksa dk lekos'k gks jgk gSA es/k Lopkyu vkSj çkS|ksfxdh bl ubZ vkS|ksfxd Økafr dks c<+kok ns jgh gSA ifjorZu dh ;g vHkwriwoZ] O;kid xfr] rsth ls vfèkd Økafrdkjh uokpkj ds ifj.kke dk ,glkl djus ds fy, lg;ksxh eapksa ;k IysViQkeZ ij fuHkZj gSA fo Økafr bysDVªkWfud ,oa vkbZVh iz.kkyh vkSj Lopkyu ds lkFk vkbZA pkSFkh vkS|ksfxd Økafr lkbcj HkkSfrd ç.kkfy;ksa ls tqM+h gSA m|ksx 4-0] fofuekZ.k m|ksx ds Hkhrj çkS|ksfxdh vkSj çfØ;kvksa esa Lopkyu vkSj MsVk fofue; dh vksj c<+rs #>ku dks izdV djrk gS] ftlesa 'kkfey gSa% baVjusV vkWiQ fFkaXl (vkbZvksVh)] vkS|ksfxd baVjusV vkWiQ fFkaXl (vkbZvkbZvksVh)] fuekZ.k fMftVyhdj.k dh cnkSyr vkt ge mRiknksa dks cukus ds rkSj&rjhds esa ,d egRoiw.kZ ifjorZu ls xqtj jgs gSaA ;g ifjorZu bruk vkd"kZd gS fd bls m|ksx 4-0 dgk tk jgk gS] tks fofuekZ.k {ks=k esa gqbZ pkSFkh Økafr dks n'kkZrk gSA m|ksx 4-0 ikjaifjd fofuekZ.k ifjn`'; esa cnyko dk ladsr ns jgk gSA m|ksx 4-0 ds bl ifjorZu esa rhu izkS|ksfxdh izo`fÙk;ka 'kkfey gSa& dusfDVfoVh] cqf¼eÙkk vkSj leqUur Lopkyu vkSj bls pkSFkh vkS|ksfxd Økafr ds :i esa Hkh tkuk tkrk gSA lH;rk dh 'kq#vkr ls gh ekuo tkfr us viuh {kerk vkSj 'kfDr c<+kus dh dksf'k'k dh gSA izkjaHk esa ekuo ydM+h ;k pV~Vkuksa ls cus midj.kksa dk mi;ksx djrk Fkk] ijUrq foKku dh mUufr ds lkFk mlus vkèkqfud vkSj dq'ky midj.kksa dh [kkst dh vkSj ;g çfØ;k vkt Hkh py jgh gSA e'khusa ekuo ds lcls egku vkfo"dkjksa esa ls ,d gSaA vkS|ksfxd Økafr;ksa dk gekjs lekt ij O;kid çHkko iM+rk gS vkSj os fo'o vFkZO;oLFkk dks Hkh çHkkfor djrh gSaA igyh vkS|ksfxd Økafr e'khuhdj.k] Hkki] fctyh vkSj ikuh dh 'kfDr ds mRFkku ds lkFk gqbZA nwljh vkS|ksfxd Økafr ds izfØ;k ds nkSjku fctyh ds bLrseky ls cM+s iSekus ij mRiknu vkSj mRiknksa dh fiQfVax ;k la;kstu ij cy fn;k x;k gSA rhljh vkS|ksfxd lkbcj&HkkSfrd iz.kkyh (lhih,l)] LekVZ fofuekZ.k] LekVZ iQSDVªht] DykmM dEI;wfVax] ,fMfVo ;k ;ksxkRed eSU;qiQSDpfjax] fcx MsVk] jkscksfVDl] laKkukRed dEI;wfVax] vkfVZfiQf'k;y baVsfytsal vkSj CykWdpsu vkfnA ;g Lopkyu ,d fuekZ.k ç.kkyh cukrk gS ftlds }kjk dkj[kkuksa esa e'khuksa dks ,d laiw.kZ mRiknu çfØ;k dh fuxjkuh vkSj ifjdYiuk djus ds fy, ok;jysl dusfDVfoVh vkSj lsalj ds lkFk laofèkZr fd;k tkrk gS vkSj e'khu Lok;Ùk fu.kZ; ysrh gSaA ;g vuqeku yxk;k x;k gS fd ys[kd fo'ofo|ky; Lo.kZ ind fotsrk] izca/u esa ih,pMh vkSj fofèk esa Lukrd gSaA os orZeku esa ih,pMh pSEcj vkWiQ dkWelZ ,aM baMLVªh] ubZ fnYyh esa izèkku funs'kd gSaA bZesy% ranjeetmehta@gmail.com 6 ;kstuk] twu 2020

ok;jysl dusfDVfoVh vkSj e'khuksa dh o`f¼ 5 th ds iw.kZ dk;kZUo;u ds lkFk vfr mUur gksxhA ;g rsth ls çfrfØ;k le; çnku djrs gq, fofHkUu ç.kkfy;ksa ds chp okLrfod le; lapkj laHko cuk,xhA pkSFkh vkS|ksfxd Økafr fMftVy fV~ou rduhdksa vFkkZr~ tqM+oka çkS|ksfxfd;ksa ls Hkh lacafèkr gSA ;s fMftVy çkS|ksfxfd;ka okLrfod&fo'o LkaLFkkiukvksa] çfØ;kvksa vkSj vuqç;ksxksa ds vkHkklh laLdj.k cuk ldrh gSaA blds ckn ykxr çHkkoh fodsaæhÑr fu.kZ; ysus ds fy, bldk Bksl ijh{k.k fd;k tk ldrk gSA bu vkHkklh çfr;ksa dks okLrfod nqfu;k esa l`ftr fd;k tk ldrk gS vkSj baVjusV vkWiQ fFkaXl ds ekè;e ls tksM+k tk ldrk gSA ;g m|ksx 4-0 fofuekZ.k ds fy, ,d okLrfod le; MsVk fofue; vkSj Lopkyu çfØ;k esa 'kkfey gksus ds fy, ,d&nwljs vkSj ekuo deZpkfj;ksa ds lkFk laokn djus vkSj lg;ksx djus ds fy, lkbcj&HkkSfrd ç.kkfy;ksa dh vuqefr nsrk gSA m|ksx 3-0 ds nkSjku tc daI;wVj ds lkFk 'kq: fd x, Fks] rks os iwjh rjg ubZ izkS|ksfxdh ds dkj.k ckèkkdkjh le>s x, FksA m|ksx 4-0 esa Li"V fd;k x;k gS fd daI;wVj ijLij lac¼ gSa vkSj ,d nwljs ls laokn djrs gSa vkSj varr% ekuo Hkkxhnkjh ds fcuk gh fu.kZ; ysrs gSaA lkbcj&fiQftdy flLVe] baVjusV vkWiQ fFkaXl vkSj baVjusV vkWiQ flLVEl dk ,d la;kstu m|ksx 4-0 dks vkdkj iznku djrk gS vkSj LekVZ iQSDVjh dks ,d okLrfodrkA LekVZ e'khuksa ds lg;ksx ls] tks vfèkd MsVk çkfIr ds ifj.kkeLo:i vkSj gksf'k;kj gks jgh gS] gekjs dkj[kkus vfèkd dq'ky vkSj mRiknd vkSj viO;;h gks tk,axsA varr%] m|ksx 4-0 dh okLrfod 'kfDr bu e'khuksa dk usVodZ gS tks fMftVy :i ls ,d nwljs ls tqM+s gqbZ gSa vkSj tkudkjh l`ftr vkSj lk>k djrh gSaA uokpkj dh Økafrdkjh xfr ge igys ls dgha vfèkd uokpkj dk lgkjk ys+ jgs gSaA ekSfyd :i ls uohuhdj.k Økafrdkjh ifjorZu ls xqtj jgk gSA ge fofuekZ.k nqfu;k esa tgka Hkh izos'k djrs gSa] ;g izkS|ksfxdh Økafr gesa vfHkHkwr djrh gSA iSekuk] nk;jk vkSj tfVyrk ,slh phtsa gSa ftUgsa geus fuf'pr :i ls dHkh vuqHko ugha fd;k gSA ;g gekjk lkeuk O;kid çkS|ksfxfd;ksa ls djk jgk gSA ,slk yxrk gS fd ge xfr] O;kidrk] vkSj iz.kkyhxr çHkko ds Lrjksa esa iQal x, gSa] tgka ;g ifjorZu rsth ls ?kVrk gqvk çrhr gksrk gSA daifu;ka ifjorZu ds fujarj vkèkkj ij mRiknu] çcaèku vkSj 'kklu dh laiw.kZ ç.kkfy;ksa dk th.kksZ¼kj dj jgh gSaA gekjs ikl vHkwriwoZ lalkèku 'kfDr] HkaMkj.k {kerk vkSj Kku ds fofHkUu ekxks± rd igqap gSA bUgsa vkfVZfiQf'k;y baVsfytsal] jkscksfVDl] 3 Mh fçafVax] uSuks VsDuksykWth] ck;ksVsDuksykWth] eVsfj;y lkbal vkSj DokafVVh daI;wfVax tSls {ks=kksa esa mHkjrh gqbZ izkS|ksfxdh ds lkFk tksM+k tk jgk gSA ;g uohuhdj.k ds Hkhrj ubZ pqukSfr;ksa vkSj voljksa dk fuekZ.k dj jgk gSA fo'o vfèkd fo?kVu vkSj uokpkj dh c<+rh xfr dk lkeuk dj jgk gSA okLro esa ,d cgqr gh Økafrdkjh nkSj ls xqt+j jgk gSA ljy mRikn uokpkj ds fnu fleVrs tk jgs gSaA orZeku esa çkS|ksfxdh] çfrHkk vkSj u, uohuhdj.k ikfjfLFkfrdh ra=k mHkj jgs gSa] ftuls gekjs vafre uokpkj çLrkoksa vfèkd ls vfèkd tfVyrkvksa dk lekos'k gks jgk gSA es/k Lopkyu vkSj çkS|ksfxdh bl ubZ vkS|ksfxd Økafr dks c<+kok ns jgh gSA ifjorZu dh ;g vHkwriwoZ] O;kid xfr] rsth ls vfèkd Økafrdkjh uokpkj ds ifj.kke dk ,glkl djus ds fy, lg;ksxh eapksa ;k IysViQkeZ ij fuHkZj gSA laxBuksa dks gj txg ifjorZu ds fy, c<+rs ncko dk lkeuk djuk iM+ jgk gS] tgka mUgsa mRikn&dsafær O;olk; ekWMy ds LFkku ij ,sls u, ekWMy viukus gksaxs] tks u, ewY; çLrkoksa ds fofHkUu lzksrksa dk l`tu djus vkSj mUgsa viukus ij è;ku dsafær djrs gksaA urhtru] uokpkj vfèkd tfVy gksrk tk jgk gSA ge vius bathfu;jksa] fMtkbujksa vkSj oSKkfudksa ls vis{kk dj jgs gSa fd os Kku ds bl u, çokg dks rsth ls vkRelkr~ djrs gq, gesa izkS|ksfxdh&vkèkkfjr uokpkj dk ykHk iznku djus ij è;ku dsfUnzr djsaA mRikn uokpkj yxkrkj mu ubZ voèkkj.kkvksa m|ksx 4-0] fofuekZ.k m|ksx ds Hkhrj çkS|ksfxdh vkSj çfØ;kvksa esa Lopkyu vkSj MsVk fofue; dh vksj c<+rs #>ku dks izdV djrk gS] ftlesa 'kkfey gSa% baVjusV vkWiQ fFkaXl (vkbZvksVh)] vkS|ksfxd baVjusV vkWiQ fFkaXl (vkbZvkbZvksVh)] lkbcj&HkkSfrd iz.kkyh (lhih,l)] LekVZ fofuekZ.k] LekVZ iQSDVªht] DykmM dEI;wfVax] ,fMfVo ;k ;ksxkRed eSU;qiQSDpfjax] fcx MsVk] jkscksfVDl] laKkukRed dEI;wfVax] vkfVZfiQf'k;y baVsfytsal vkSj CykWdpsu vkfnA 7 ;kstuk] twu 2020

rsth ls c<+ jgh gSA ekSfyd :i ls vyx& vyx rjg ds mRiknksa ds fodkl vkSj rRlacaèkh çcaèku çfØ;kvksa dk {ks=k vR;Ur O;kid gSA ;s lHkh izfØ;k,a vkS|ksfxd ifjorZu ds bl pj.k esa fujarj c<+ jgh gSaA tc dkj[kkus vkSj izpkyu vfèkd dusfDVM gksaxs vkSj m|ksx 4-0 ds izfr"Bkuksa ds :i esa ifjpkyu 'kq: djsaxs rks ikjaifjd vkiwfrZ Ükà[kyk dh {kerk esa Hkh vyx rjg dk jpukRed cnyko vk;sxkA bl rjg ls tks u, O;olk; ekWMy mHkjsaxs vkSj lapkfyr gksaxs] os vkiwfrZ usVodZ esa mÙkjnk;h gksaxsA blds fy, fMftVy çcaèku dh vko';drk gSA ge ftruk vfèkd lac¼ gksaxs] mruk gh vfèkd xzkgd vuqHko dk ykHk mBk ldrs gSaA dusfDVax Kku eapksa ij ge vfèkd ls vfèkd fcØh vkSj foi.ku ds y{; fuèkkZfjr dj ldrs gSaA lqlEc¼ m|ksx 4-0 ls tqM+s gq, ikfjfLFkfrdh ra=k dk fuekZ.k tkjh j[krs gq, ge ç.kkyhxr ilan dks le> ldrs gSa vkSj iwjs thoupØ dks çcafèkr djus ds fy, vfèkd xzkgdksa dh t:jr ds vuqlkj mUgsa fcØh&iwoZ vkSj fcØh&ijorhZ lgk;rk çnku dj ldrs gSaA blds vykok] CykWdpsu izkS|ksfxdh u dsoy cSafdax vkSj foÙkh; {ks=k ij fuHkZjrk de djrh gS] cfYd blls dbZ m|ksxksa vkSj leqnk;ksa dks çHkkfor djus dh {kerk gSA mnkgj.k ds fy,] ;g izkS|ksfxdh fdlh dkj esa CykWdpsu izkS|ksfxdh ij vkèkkfjr fMftVy okWysV LFkkfir djds mls t:jr ds eqrkfcd dkjZokbZ djus esa l{ke cuk ldrh gSA ;g okWysV j[kj[kko] la'kksèku] pkft±x ;k xSl Hkjus lfgr okgu ls tqM+s lHkh ysunsu dk fjdkWMZ j[k ldrk gSA ;g LokfeRo dh dqy ykxr dks fuèkkZfjr djus vkSj dkj ds fy, fuos'k ij ykHk dh O;kid x.kuk dj ldrk gSA m|ksx 4-0 dksfoM&19 ds ckn m|ksx 4-0 dksfoM&19 ds oSf'od vkikrdky ls igys ftruk çklafxd Fkk] og bl ladV ds ckn Hkh u dsoy mruk gh izklafxd jgsxk] cfYd vfèkd izklafxdrk ds lkFk rsth ls vkxs c<+sxkA nqfu;k egkekjh dh pisV esa gSA oSf'od vkiwfrZ Ükà[kyk O;oèkku ds vHkwriwoZ Lrj dk vuqHko dj jgh gSA dqN fuekZrkvksa us mRiknu iwjh rjg dks jkLrk ns jgk gS ftuds ikl izkS|ksfxdh gSA gekjk uokpkj rsth ls tfVy] tqM+k gqvk vkSj çklafxd gks x;k gSA m|ksx ewY; Ükà[kykvksa dks u;k :i fn;k tk jgk gS rkfd os dusDVsM nqfu;k dks gj pht ds fMftVy gksus ij vfèkd Hkjkslk djus ds fy, rS;kj dj ldsaA fofuekZ.k {ks=k dh lac¼rk iwjh rjg tkjh j[kus ds fy,] gesa vfèkd rsth ls lek;kstu djuk gksxk] vyx iSekuk r; djuk gksxk] vkSj ekax ds fofHkUu pØksa dks mi;qDr ek=kk esa vkiwfrZ djuh gksxh] tks le; dh t:jr ds vuqlkj gks vkSj xzkgdksa dks vfèkd larq"V dj ldsA bu ubZ xfr'khyrkvksa ls gekjs uokpkj ds {ks=k dk dk;kdYi gksrk gSA xzkgd vFkZO;oLFkk ds mifjdsaæ esa rsth ls c<+ jgk gSA fMftVy {kerkvksa ds ekè;e ls mRiknksa vkSj lsokvksa esa o`f¼ gks jgh gS] tks muds ewY; vkSj xq.koÙkk esa btkiQk dj jgh gSaA ubZ lkexzh gekjs lkeku dks vfèkd fVdkÅ vkSj yphyk cuk jgh gSa] vkSj MsVk ,oa fo'ys"k.k ls izkIr tkudkjh ls Hkfo"; ds fy, csgrj lsok,a vkSj dk;Zfu"iknu esa enn feyrh gSA okLro esa uokpkj ubZ laHkkouk,a mtkxj djus okyk ra=k gSA pkSFkh vkS|ksfxd Økafr ds ifj.kkeksa dks uokpkj ds gekjs bnZ&fxnZ gksus okys çeq[k cnykoksa esa ns[kk tk ldrk gSA m|ksx izkS|ksfxdh uokpkj ij vfèkd è;ku dsafær dj jgk gSA ;g ekStwnk O;kikj ekWMyksa esa ifjorZuksa ij yxkrkj ut+j j[k jgk gS rkfd bu cnykoksa dks lekfgr djrs gq, iwjh rjg u, O;kikj ekWMy ryk'k djus ds fy, uokpkj iz.kkfy;ksa dks vkSj Hkh ,dhd`r dj ldsA ge dg ldrs gSa fd uokpkj pkSFkh Økafr ij fuHkZj gks jgk gS vkSj ;g ge lHkh dks tksM+ jgk gS] rkfd Hkfo"; esa vfèkd lg;ksx ds ekè;e ls fodkl dks vatke fn;k tk ldsA ifjorZu dh {kerk dks igpkuus ls ,sls Økafrdkjh cnyko gksaxs ftuls ge uokpkj dks lrr vkxs c<+k ldsaxsA mHkjrs fMftVy O;kikj ekWMYl gesa u, fMftVy ekWMyksa vkSj muds çHkko dks le>us dh t:jr gSA fMftVy bathfu;fjax vkSj foKku ij gekjh fuHkZjrk m|ksx 4-0 dksfoM&19 ds oSf'od vkikrdky ls igys ftruk çklafxd Fkk] og bl ladV ds ckn Hkh u dsoy mruk gh izklafxd jgsxk] cfYd vfèkd izklafxdrk ds lkFk rsth ls vkxs c<+sxkA nqfu;k egkekjh dh pisV esa gSA oSf'od vkiwfrZ Ükà[kyk O;oèkku ds vHkwriwoZ Lrj dk vuqHko dj jgh gSA dqN fuekZrkvksa us mRiknu iwjh rjg ls can dj fn;k gS] dqN us ekax esa cgqr deh ns[kh gS] vkSj vU; us ekax esa Hkkjh o`f¼ ns[kh gSA gj fuekZrk fdlh u fdlh rjg ls bl ladV ls çHkkfor gS vkSj dbZ yksxksa ds fy, ;g vfLrRo dk [krjk cu x;k gSA 8 ;kstuk] twu 2020

ls can dj fn;k gS] dqN us ekax esa cgqr deh ns[kh gS vkSj vU; us ekax esa Hkkjh o`f¼ ns[kh gSA gj fuekZrk fdlh u fdlh rjg ls bl ladV ls çHkkfor gS vkSj dbZ yksxksa ds fy, ;g vfLrRo dk [krjk cu x;k gSA geus dksfoM&19 egkekjh ds nkSjku ns[kk gS fd vkHkklh LFkkuksa ij çn'kZfu;ka dSls rS;kj gks jgh gSaA dSls HkkSfrd lEesyu fMftVy osfcukj esa ifjofrZr gks jgs gSa\ ladV ls igys] m|ksx 4-0 dbZ fofuekZrkvksa ds fy, vR;Ur #fp dk {ks=k FkkA bl le; m|ksx 4-0 ij mlh rjg ls ppkZ djuk tSls dksfoM ladV&iwoZ dh tkrh Fkh] laHkor% vlaosnu'khy vkSj vuqfpr gSA dksfoM ladV&iwoZ m|ksx 4-0 ds O;kikfjd ekud çfrLièkkZRed ykHk] ykxr esa deh] mRikndrk] fLFkjrk vkSj uokpkj ij dsafær FksA y{; ;g Fkk fd dkjksckj dks lqpk: cuk;k tk;s rkfd mls csgrj rjhds ls pyk;k tk ldsA vfèkdrj fuekZrkvksa dk è;ku vc lcls igys vfLrRo cuk, j[kus ij gS] mlds i'pkr~ uqdlku dks lhfer j[kus ij è;ku nsuk gSA fofuekZrkvksa ij iM+s rkRdkfyd foÙkh; nq"izHkko ds dkj.k mUgsa igys ls gh xSj&vko';d O;; vkSj fuos'k esa Hkkjh deh djus ds fu.kZ; djus iM+s gSaA orZeku esa m|ksx 4-0 ls lacafèkr vusd lekèkkuksa ij fopkj fd;k tk jgk gS ;k vey fd;k tk jgk gS] ftUgsa xSj&vfuok;Z O;kolkf;d xfrfofèk;ksa dh Js.kh ekuk tk jgk gSA vc] cM+k loky ;g gS fd D;k m|ksx 4-0 vc çklafxd gS\ ;fn ;g çklafxd gS] rks bls vkxs c<+us esa D;ksa vkSj D;k Hkwfedk fuHkkuh gS\ gekjk ekuuk gS fd m|ksx 4-0 u dsoy igys dh rjg izklafxd gS] cfYd ;g igys dh rqyuk esa vkSj Hkh vfèkd çklafxd gSA vfèkdka'k fuekZrkvksa ds fy, çkFkfedrk,a vkt rhu vyx&vyx pj.kksa esa gSa% pj.k 1- mÙkjthfork] pj.k 2- mcjuk] pj.k 3- ladV ds ckn u, çfrekuksa ds lkFk lkekU; :i ls O;kikj djukA lHkh fuekZrkvksa ds fy, y{; ;gh gksxk fd os tYn ls tYn de ls de ykxr ij pj.k 3 dks çkIr djsaA pj.k 3 ds fy, vkWijsfVax ekWMy dks ifjHkkf"kr djus esa os ladV ds nkSjku izkIr vuqHkoksa ij fopkj djsaxs vkSj vfèkd yphyk vkSj pqLr O;olk; cukus dh dksf'k'k djsaxsA esjs fopkj esa O;kikj dh çeq[k detksfj;ksa esa ls ,d gS okLrfod le; n`';rk dh dehA egRoiw.kZ O;kolkf;d fu.kZ;ksa dk leFkZu djus ds fy, n`';rk vko';d gSA mnkgj.k ds fy,&mRiknksa dh ekax D;k gS vkSj ge mudk fuekZ.k dgka dj ldrs gSa\ gekjs orZeku dPps eky] dk;Z&çxfr vkSj rS;kj eky dh lwph dk Lrj D;k gSa\ ekuo lalkèku vkSj ifjlaifÙk miyCèkrk nksuksa ds ekeys esa gekjh fofuekZ.k {kerk D;k gS\ ladV ls ,d vkSj egRoiw.kZ lh[k fuekZrkvksa }kjk ekuo iwath ij fuHkZjrk vkSj lkekftd nwjh ds çHkkoksa ls çsfjr gksxhA ;fn ge vkiwfrZ Ük`a[kyk ds n`f"Vdks.k ls ,d Lrj uhps tkrs gSa] rks fo'ks"k :i ls fofuekZ.k dks lqèkkj ds fy, ,d cM+s {ks=k ds :i esa mtkxj djuk gksxkA ladV ds nkSjku] mRiknu ;kstuk,a] cnyrh lkefxz;ksa vkSj dPps eky] çeq[k deZpkfj;ksa vkSj ifjlaifÙk;ksa dh miyCèkrk ds ifj.kkeLo:i dbZ ckj cnyuh iM+rh gSaA fofuekZ.k esa vkiwfrZ Ük`a[kyk dh rqyuk esa cgqr vfèkd ek=kk vkSj ysunsu dh vko`fÙk gksrh gSA dksfoM&19 nqfu;k Hkj ds odZÝyks esa ekSfyd cnyko dk dkj.k cu jgk gS D;ksafd yk[kksa yksx lkekftd nwjh Lo&laxjksèk fliQkfj'kksa dk ikyu djrs gSaA egkekjh dh ukVdh; mifLFkfr us vusd izo`fÙk;ksa dks rst dj fn;k gS tcfd dqN vU; izo`fÙk;ksa ij jksd yxk nh gSA ijUrq] blesa dksbZ lansg ugha gS fd dksfoM &19 ,d ifjorZudkjh 'kfDr gS] ;g gesa m|ksx 5-0 esa ugha igaqpk jgh gSA fMftVy odZÝyks dks viukus ds ekeys esa] O;olk;ksa ds ikl vrhr esa vusd dkj.k jgs gaS] fiQj Hkh dksfoM&19 us LekVZ fuekZ.k ;k LekVZ fçafVax çfØ;kvksa ds lkFk] ,d LekVZ dkj[kkus dh vksj c<+us ds fy, ,d vkSj etcwr çksRlkgu çnku fd;k gSA ,d rjiQ ikjaifjd Kku dgrk gS fd mRikndrk dks vfèkdre djus ds fy, ,d lefiZr dk;ZLFky dh vko';drk gksrh gS ysfdu bl fl¼kar dks dksfoM&19 ds nkSjku vafre ijh{k.k ds fy, j[kk tk jgk gSA dksfoM&19 vkSj fMftVy ifjorZu dksfoM&19 egkekjh ls fuiVus ds fy,] lkoZtfud LokLF; dks dkjxj cukus ds okLrs fMftVy cqfu;knh <kaps dk ,dhdj.k] egkekjh iwokZuqeku vkSj fu.kZ; ysus ds lanHkZ esa cgqr egRoiw.kZ gSA Hkkjr esa bldk ,d mnkgj.k Hkkjr ljdkj dk vkjksX; lsrq ,si gSA ;g ,fIyds'ku Hkkjr ljdkj dk vkfèkdkfjd dksfoM&19 VªSdj gS vkSj bls 7-5 djksM+ ls vfèkd mi;ksxdrkZvksa us vius eksckby iQksu ij MkmuyksM fd;k gS vkSj çfrfnu bldh la[;k esa c<+ksÙkjh gks jgh gSA ;g fMftVy dkWUVSDV Vªsflax çfrj{k.k ds ,d u, :i&fMftVy çfrj{k.k dk ifjp; ns jgh gSA Hkkjr dh dksfoM&19 pqukSrh dk lcls rst ekiuh; lekèkku fMftVy çkS|ksfxdh dks jksx&funku vkSj laØfer O;fDr ds laidZ esa vk;s O;fDr;ksa dk irk yxkus ds fy, vey esa ykuk FkkA ladV ds bl {k.k ds nkSjku vkjksX; lsrq ,si dks VsyhesfMflu] fo'ks"k :i ls nwjLFk Hkkxksa esa 9 ;kstuk] twu 2020

ijUrq] bl fLFkfr dks ,d volj ds :i esa ns[kk tkuk pkfg, vkSj daifu;ksa dks fMftVy cqfu;knh <kaps ij è;ku nsuk pkfg,A ,sls esa tks laxBu viuh izkS|ksfxdh {kerk vkSj fMftVy IysViQkWeZ ij fuos'k dk ekxZ viuk,axs] os gh dksfoM&19 ds çHkko dks de dj ldsaxs vkSj vius O;olk;ksa dks yacs le; rd pkyw j[k ldsaxsA vr% esjk ;g ekuuk gS tSls&tSls daifu;ka vfèkd fMftVy gksus ds fy, vkxs c<+saxha] oSls gh os fMftVy lekèkku l{ke O;kikj&xzkgd lacaèkksa dks HkkSfrd mifLFkfr ds ctk; LØhu ij vuqHko djus esa l{ke gksaxhA ;g laHko gS fd vkus okys fnuksa esa vusd laxBu ykxr de djus] mRikndrk esa lqèkkj vkSj Jfedksa dh vfèkd larqf"V ds fy, ,d lksph&le>h dk;Zuhfr ds :i esa nwjLFk dk;Z&vuqcaèkksa dks viuk ldrs gSaA dbZ fofuekZrk vius dkfeZdksa dks fMftVy dusfDVM midj.kksa ls lqlfTtr djus ds iz;kl djsaxsA blls dk;Z&izokg esa lqj{kk tkap 'kkfey gksxh] HkkSfrd laidZ u gksus dh fLFkfr esa dk;kZy;h lg;ksfx;ksa ds lkFk lg;ksx lqfuf'pr djuk gksxk] vkSj vU; ,slh iz.kkfy;ka viukuh gksaxh] tks varr% O;kikj dh fujarjrk vkSj deZpkjh LokLF; ds chp larqyu dk;e dj ldsaA ;g ,d u, ;qx dh 'kq#vkr Hkh gS] tgka ^vxziafDr* ds dk;ZdrkZ vkSj MsLd dk;ZdrkZ mu midj.kksa ds lkFk lkeatL; LFkkfir djrs gSa tks lg;ksx vkSj MsVk ds çokg dk leFkZu dj ldrs gSa] tgka dkj[kkus ds ry ij dqN ,slk gksrk gS tks cSd vkWfiQl esa lapkj ;k dk;Zçokg 'kq: djrk gSA gkykafd] lqj{kk] xq.koÙkk vkSj mRikndrk ds ckjs esa Jfedksa dks l'kDr cukus ds fy, dusDV&odZj izkS|ksfxdh dk mi;ksx djus dh voèkkj.kk dks vHkh c<+k;k tk ldrk gS] bl egkekjh ds [kRe gksus ds ckn Hkh O;kikj dks fiQj ls cukus ds fy, ;g mruk gh egRoiw.kZ gksxkA ge esa ls vfèkdka'k ftldks lkekU; ekurs gSa] og igys gh ekSfyd :i ls LFkkukarfjr gks pqdk gSA fuekZrk tks bl u, lkekU; dks le>rs gSa vkSj dk;Z djrs gSa] muds ikl m|ksx 4-0 ds bl ;qx esa fodkl ds i;kZIr volj gksaxsA n vkS|ksfxd Økafr;ka m|ksx 4-0 pkSFkh vkS|ksfxd Økafr lkbcj HkkSfrd ç.kkfy;ksa ls tqM+h gSA m|ksx 3-0 rhljh vkS|ksfxd Økafr bysDVªkWfud ,oa vkbZVh iz.kkyh vkSj Lopkyu ds lkFk vkbZA m|ksx 2-0 nwljh vkS|ksfxd Økafr ds nkSjku fctyh ds bLrseky ls cM+s iSekus ij mRiknu vkSj mRiknksa dh fiQfVax ;k la;kstu ij cy fn;k x;k gSA m|ksx 1-0 igyh vkS|ksfxd Økafr e'khuhdj.k] Hkki] fctyh vkSj ikuh dh 'kfDr ds mRFkku ds lkFk gqbZA orZeku çnku djus ds fy, mi;ksx esa yk;k tk ldrk gSA ;g fMftVy lajpuk dk;kZUo;u fdlh Hkh laxBu ds Hkhrj rsth ls fMftVy ifjorZu dh igy dks c<+kok nsrk gSA ijUrq egkekjh ds dkj.k] m|ksxksa esa] fo'ks"k :i ls çkS|ksfxdh] [kk| forj.k lsokvksa] xzkgd lsokvksa vkSj vkHkklh vk;kstuksa esa egRoiw.kZ ifjorZu fn[kk;h nsxsaA orZeku fLFkfr esa] ge nqfu;k Hkj esa cM+h ?kVuk,a ns[k jgs gSa] ftlesa vkWuykbu lsokvksa dks viukus esa c<+ksÙkjh] baVjusV lsokvksa dh fujarj c<+rh t:jr] vkSj NksVs&cM+s lHkh m|ksxksa ds chp dusfDVfoVh esa o`f¼ 'kkfey gSA dksfoM&19 egkekjh ds çHkko us m|ksxksa vkSj O;olk;ksa esa lwpuk çkS|ksfxdh vkSj fMftVy ifjorZu ds egRo dks mtkxj fd;k gS vkSj mUgsa bl le; dk mi;ksx rsth ls ifjorZu djus ds fy, djuk pkfg,A ;g rF; cgqr nwj ls lk>k dk;ks± dks vatke nsus dh dkiksZjsV txr dh ;ksX;rk] lHkh deZpkfj;ksa ds chp fMftVy ifjorZu vkSj lwpuk izkS|ksfxdh ds egRo dh O;kid le> vkSj vkWuykbu foi.ku rFkk O;kikj fodkl dh ;ksX;rk fodflr gksus esa iznf'kZr gqvk gSA fu"d"kZ :i esa ;g dgk tk ldrk gS fd dksjksuk ok;jl ladV ds le; esa] fMftVy m|ksx 4-0 us çdksi dh ifjdYiuk vkSj izcaèku esa egRoiw.kZ Hkwfedk fuHkk;h gSA nqfu;k Hkj esa egkekjh dk iQSyko tkjh jgrs] laxBuksa ds fy, ;g vfuok;Z gks tk,xk fd os u, lekèkku ;k rjhds [kkstsa rkfd izfrLièkkZ esa vxz.kh cus jgsaA bldh otg ;g gS fd vfèkdka'k m|e vkiwfrZ &Ük`a[kyk O;oèkkuksa vkSj de xzkgd ekax ds dkj.k vius foÙkh; y{; çkIr djus esa vliQy jgsaxsA dksfoM&19 egkekjh us fofuekZrkvksa dks vçR;kf'kr vkSj vHkwriwoZ {kfr igqapk;h gSA vkèkqfud fofuekZ.k bfrgkl esa igyh ckj] oSf'od Lrj ij ekax] vkiwfrZ vkSj Jfedksa dh miyCèkrk ,d gh le; esa çHkkfor gqbZ gSA lqjf{kr HkkSfrd nwjh vkSj deZpkjh lqj{kk mik;ksa us fuekZrkvksa ij vfrfjDr ncko Mkyk gS] D;ksafd muds 40 ls 50 izfr'kr dkfeZd ij dk;ZLFky ij vius nkf;Ro iwjs djus ds fy, miyCèk ugha gksaxsA nwljh rjiQ dk;kZy;h deZpkjh vkSj Kku dehZ fMiQkWYV vkWijsfVax eksM esa LFkkukarfjr gks dj nwj jgdj dk;Z djus esa l{ke gksaxsA ijUrq] vfèkdka'k dkj[kkusa nwj ls dk;Z djus dks è;ku esa j[kdj fMtkbu ugha fd, x, gSa vkSj vkSj muds ikl ,slh xfrfofèk;ksa ds fy, vko';d fMftVy Vwy vkSj cqfu;knh <kaps dh deh gSA 10 ;kstuk] twu 2020

lkekftd m|ferk vVy uoizorZu fe'ku % uokpkj dks c<+kok vkj je.ku ueu vxzoky fgeka'kq vxzoky ,d ns'k ds :i esa Hkkjr ,slh pqukSfr;ksa ls f?kjk gS ftuij è;ku nsuk vko';d gSA fiNys dqN o"kks± esa Hkkjr esa uoizorZu djus okyh Lons'kh daifu;ksa] cM+s iSekus ij lkekftd uokpkj vkSj mlds lkFk&lkFk vc lkoZtfud lsokvksa ij tcjnLr vlj Mkyus okyh [kkstksa ls uokpkj vius pje ij igqap x;k gSA blh dks è;ku esa j[krs gq, Hkkjr ljdkj us vVy uoizorZu fe'ku dk xBu fd;k gS rkfd ns'k esa uokpkj vkSj m|ferk dh laLÑfr dk fodkl gksA c<+kok nsus ds fy, ges'kk vko';d jgh gSA vkS|ksfxd Økafr ds nkSjku Ñf"k] cM+s iSekus ij mRiknu] ifjogu vkSj lapkj tSls {ks=kksa esa u;s vkfo"dkj vkSj uokpkj gh os dkj.k gSa tks vaxzst vFkZ'kkL=kh VkWel ekYFkl dh ml Hkfo";ok.kh dks xyr lkfcr djus ds fy, mÙkjnk;h gSa ftlesa dgk x;k Fkk fd fo'o fnu nwuh vkSj jkr pkSxquh gksrh tula[;k dk Hkj.kiks"k.k djus esa l{ke ugha gSA blh rjg vkt ds vkfo"dkjd vkSj uo l`td mu la'k;okfn;ksa dks Hkyh Hkkafr xyr lkfcr dj ldrs gSa tks dgrs gSa fd vkfFkZd fodkl vkSj i;kZoj.k laj{k.k laHkor;k lkFk&lkFk ugha py ldrsA lkekftd m|ferk dk mn; lrr fodkl i;kZoj.k dk laj{k.k djrs gq, ekuo thou esa lqèkkj ykus dks dgrs gSaA vkt fo'o ds lkeus yach vofèk dh tks fodV pqukSfr;ka gSa muesa ls ;g 'kk;n lcls dfBu vkSj egRoiw.kZ pqukSrh gSA jpukRed lksp jk"Vªh; dY;k.k dks 1- vkj je.ku uhfr vk;ksx esa vVy uoizorZu fe'ku ds fe'ku Mk;jsDVj vkSj vij lfpo gSaA bZ&esy% r.ramanan@gov.in 2- ueu vxzoky uhfr vk;ksx esa vVy uoizorZu fe'ku esa uokpkj izeq[k gSaA bZ&esy% naman.agrawal@nic.in 3- fgeka'kq vxzoky uhfr vk;ksx esa vVy uoizorZu fe'ku esa ;ax izksiQs'kuy gSaA 11 ;kstuk] twu 2020

izk.kh gksrk gS&mlesa misf{kr lewgksa ds HkkX; dks laokjus ds lkFk&lkFk m|eh tSlh O;kogkfjdrk] uokpkj vkSj volj dk iQk;nk mBkus ds xq.k gksrs gSaA lkekftd m|fe;ksa dk è;ku O;kolkf;d n`f"Vdks.k gq, tu dY;k.k ij è;ku dsfUnzr djrs gSaA os ,sls lekèkku [kkstus esa cM+s O;Lr jgrs gSa ftuls lHkh yksxksa dks LFkkuh;] jk"Vªh; vkSj oSf'od vFkZO;oLFkkvksa lfØ; mRiknd vkSj miHkksDrk cuus dk ekSdk feysA ekWMy dk liQyrkiwoZd fodkl fd;k gSA dkjksckjh ekWMy lacaèkh bl uokpkj us lw{efoÙk laxBuksa ds foLrkj vkSj izHkko dks c<+kus dk vuks[kk jkLrk [kkst fudkyk gSA ,lds,l us 11 o"kks± esa 16 jkT;ksa esa 5-7 djksM+ lnL; cuk, gSaA v{k; ik=k2 ,uthvks }kjk lapkfyr Ldwyksa esa Hkkstu miyCèk djkus dk nqfu;k dk lcls cM+k dk;ZØe cu x;k gS ftlds ekè;e ls Hkkjr ds ikap jkT;ksa esa lIrkg esa Ng fnu ,d djksM+ cPpksa dks nksigj dk Hkkstu miyCèk djk;k tkrk gSA ;g miyfCèk VsDuksykWth lacaèkh vkfo"dkj dh nsu gS ftlesa cgqr de le; esa cM+h ek=kk esa Hkkstu cuk;k tkrk gS vkSj bls Ldwyksa rd igqapkus esa Hkh ykWftfLVDl lacaèkh uokpkj dk mi;ksx fd;k tkrk gSA cM+s iSekus ij uokpkj ij vkèkkfjr ^xwat*3 tSls dbZ iz;klksa ls 'kgjh dwM+s&dpjs ls xzkeh.k {ks=kksa ds fy, mi;ksxh lkexzh dk l`tu bl rjg ls gks jgk gS tks nksuksa i{kksa ds fy, lEekutud gSA blh rjg ,eoh iQkmaMs'ku cky Jfedksa dks esgur&etnwjh ds tq, ls eqfDr fnykdj Ldwy Hkstus dk vfHkuo iz;kl gS ftlls ns'k ds le{k mifLFkr fodkl dh tcjnLr pqukSrh dk lekèkku fudkyk tk jgk gSA vVy uoizorZu fe'ku blh vko';drk dks è;ku esa j[krs gq, Hkkjr ljdkj us vVy uoizorZu fe'ku dk xBu fd;k gS rkfd ns'k esa u;s vkfo"dkj vkSj m|ferk dh laLÑfr dk fodkl gksA fe'ku dk mn~ns'; u;s dk;ZØeksa vkSj uhfr;ksa dk fodkl djuk gS rkfd vFkZO;oLFkk ds viukrs esa uoizorZd ds :i esa Hkkjr ,d ns'k ds :i esa Hkkjr ,slh pqukSfr;ksa ls f?kjk gS ftuij è;ku nsuk vko';d gSA fiNys dqN o"kks± esa Hkkjr esa uoizorZu djus okyh Lons'kh daifu;ksa] cM+s iSekus ij lkekftd uokpkj vkSj mlds lkFk&lkFk vc lkoZtfud lsokvksa ij tcjnLr vlj Mkyus okyh [kkstksa ls uokpkj vius pje ij igqap x;k gSA lkekftd m|e uokpkj dk iQk;nk mBk jgs gSaA ,lds,l ekbØksiQkbusal1 us xzkeh.k cSad lw{efoÙk ;ksa rks lkekftd m|eh vkfn dky ls gh vfLrRo esa jgs gSa] ysfdu lkekftd m|ferk esa vis{kkÑr gky esa gqbZ o`f¼ o`gÙkj vkSj ekStwnk lanHkks± ls tqM+h ?kVuk gSA bldk fodkl ,sls ,sfrgkfld ekSds ij gks jgs gSa tc dkjksckj vkSj flfoy lkslkbVh laxBuksa ds chp ikjEifjd fHkUurk,a feVrh tk jgh gS vkSj fdls lkoZtfud rFkk fdls futh lkeku miyCèk djkuk pkfg,] bldk varj Hkh feVrk tk jgk gSA lkekftd m|eh vius ;qx dk 12 ;kstuk] twu 2020

lh[kus dh lqfoèkk izkIr gks jgh gSA vVy fVadfjax ySCl dh lapkyukRed mRÑ"Vrk] uoizorZu vkSj oSpkfjd usr`Ro dks lfØ; gksdj c<+kok nsus] lg;ksx vkSj lk>snkjh rFkk vVy uoizorZu fe'ku dh u;h igy ls lacafèkr dqN xfrfofèk;ka bl izdkj gSa% y 2]000 ls vfèkd ,Vh,y vè;kidksa dks dkjiksjsV lk>snkjksa ds ekè;e ls izf'k{k.k fn;k x;kA y ,Vh,y xkaèkhoknh pqukSrh % ;wuhlsiQ ds lg;ksx ls lHkh Ldwyksa esa 'kq: dh x;hA y izèkkuea=kh Hkkjr uoizorZu vfèkxe dk;ZØe èkzqo&ekuo lalkèku fodkl ea=kky; us vVy uoizorZu fe'ku dks eq[; lg;ksxh ds :i esa vkeaf=kr fd;kA y :l vVy uoizorZu fe'ku (,e)& lkbjl ,Vh,y fo|kFkhZ uoizorZu fofue; dks vafre :i fn;k x;kA y fons'k ea=kh vkSj flaxkiqj ds foÙk ea=kh ds le{k flaxkiqj vka=kizsU;ksj fofHkUu {ks=kksa esa uoizorZu dks c<+kok feys] fofHkUu fgrèkkjdksa dks lg;ksx ds volj vkSj eap miyCèk gks ldsa rFkk ns'k esa uoizorZu lacaèkh volajpuk dh fuxjkuh ds fy, o`gn iz.kkyh rS;kj gks ldsA bldh LFkkiuk ds igys o"kZ esa fuEufyf[kr Ng izeq[k igy dh x;ha% y vVy fVadfjax ySc % Hkkjr Hkj ds Ldwyksa esa i<+us okys cPpksa esa leL;kvksa ds lekèkku dh eukso`fÙk mRiUu djukA y vVy buD;wcs'ku lsaVj % fo'o Lrjh; LVkVZ vIl dks c<+kok nsuk vkSj buD;wcsVj ekWMy esa u;s vk;ke tksM+ukA y vVy U;w bafM;k pqukSrh % mRiknksa ds uoizorZu dks c<+kok nsuk vkSj mUgsa fofHkUu {ks=kksa@ea=kky;ksa dh vko';drkvksa ds vuqlkj <kyukA y esaVj bafM;k vfHk;ku % fe'ku dh reke igy esa enn ds fy, lkoZtfud {ks=k] dkjiksjsV laxBuksa vkSj laLFkkvksa ds lg;ksx ls ekxZn'kZu djus okys esaVj dk jk"Vªh; usVodZ rS;kj djukA y vVy lkeqnkf;d uoizorZu dsUnz % ns'k ds Vhvj&2 vkSj Vhvj&3 'kgjksa lfgr misf{kr@de lqfoèkkvksa okys {ks=kksa esa leqnk; dsfUnzr uoizorZu vkSj lksp dks c<+kok nsukA y vjkbt % lw{e] y?kq vkSj eè;e m|e {ks=k ds m|ksxksa esa uoizorZu vkSj vuqlaèkku dks izksRlkguA vVy uoizorZu fe'ku ds varxZr igy% vVy fVadfjax ySCl (,Vh,y)& Ldwy Lrj ij fiNys nks o"kks± esa vVy fVadfjax fe'ku us ns'k ds NBh ls ckjgoha rd ds fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks u;s vkfo"dkjksa esa dke vkus okys midj.kksa vkSj 3&Mh fizaVj vkSj jkscksfVDl tSlh VsDuksykWth rFkk djds lh[kus esa dke vkus okys NksVs&NksVs fdV~l ds tfj, tqxkM+ ls lh[kus vkSj leL;kvksa ds lekèkku dh eukso`fÙk dks c<+kok nsus ds fy, gtkjksa fVadfjax ySCl [kksyh gSaA blls muesa vius gh leqnk; esa jgrs gq, mldh leL;kvksa dks le>us vkSj mudk lekèkku djus dks c<+kok feysxkA vVy fVadfjax ySCl ns'k Hkj esa Ldwyksa esa LFkkfir dh tk jgh gS vkSj 650 ls vfèkd ftyksa esa bl rjg dh 4]880 ls vfèkd iz;ksx'kkyk,a ( , V h , y ) [kksyh tk pqdh gSa ftuesa 20 yk[k ls vfèkd fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks iz;ksx djds [ksy&[ksy esa 13 ;kstuk] twu 2020

vkfo"dkjksa dks fons'k ea=kh vkSj flaxkiqj ds foÙk ea=kh ds le{k iznf'kZr fd;k x;kA izQkal ds Y;ksa 'kgj esa Hkkjr&izQkal Kku f'k[kj lEesyu esa 5 vVy buD;wcs'ku LVkVZ vIl us rRdky osapj dSfiVYl (m|e iwath) miyCèk djkus okyh daifu;ksa dh vksj ls foÙkiks"k.k esa fnypLih iznf'kZr dh x;hA ;wFk&dks ySc lLVsuscy buksos'ku pSysat ds lkFk&lkFk ;w,uMhih dk vkèkkj xkaèkhoknh ewY;A vka=kizU;ksj oYMZ di js'kuy buksos'ku pSysat esa lhlh,,eih ,vkbZlh LVkVZ vi Hkkjrh; fotsrk cusA Hkkjr vkSj teZuh] gkySaM] LohMu] izQkal rFkk vkLVªsfy;k ds nwrkoklksa] vesfjdk Hkkjr O;kikfjd ifj"kn vkfn ds lkFk tkjh okrkZvksa esa buD;wcsVlZ vkSj LVkVZ vi ds {ks=k esa lg;ksx esa fnypLih fn[kkbZA ,vkbZlh@LVkVZ vi Vªsfuax esa fcy vkSj esfyaMk xsV~l iQkmaMs'ku dh lk>snkjhA gkySaM nwrkokl dh lgk;rk ls ;w,u,ybZ,,l,p LVkVZ vIl pSysatA Hkkjr ds vlsfor vkSj vYi lsfor {ks=kksa esa vVy lkeqnkf;d uoizorZu dsUnz Hkkjr ds Vhvj&2 vkSj Vhvj&3 'kgjksa] vkdka{kh ftyksa] tutkrh;] ioZrh; vkSj rVorhZ bykdksa ds vlsfor vkSj vYilsfor {ks=kksa esa VsDuksykWth funsZf'kr uoizorZu ds iQk;nksa dks c<+kok nsus ds fy, vVy uoizorZu fe'ku lkeqnkf;d uoizorZu dsUnzksa dh LFkkiuk dj jgk gS ftlesa lk>snkjh funsZf'kr vuks[ks ekWMy dk mi;ksx fd;k tk jgk gSA blds fy, vVy uoizorZu fe'ku 2-5 djksM+ #i;s rd dk vuqnku ,lhvkblh dks nsxkA blesa 'krZ ;g gksxh fd lk>snkj leku ;k vfèkd lerqY; jkf'k miyCèk djk,xkA blds fy, ns'k Hkj ls 300 ls vfèkd vkosnu izkIr gks pqds gSa vkSj 50 ls vfèkd ,lhvkbZlh vxys nks o"kks± esa LFkkfir dj fn;s tk,axsA vVy uoizorZu fe'ku dh ,lhvkbZlh ls lacafèkr dqN xfrfofèk;ka gSa % lapkyukRed mRÑ"Vrk] uoizorZu vkSj oSpkfjd usr`Ro] lg;ksx vkSj lk>snkjh dks lfØ; :i ls y y y y ,Vh,y 3-0 vkSj vVy fVadfjax ySCl (,Vh,y) ds 'kh"kZ 6 vkfo"dkjksa dk izn'kZuA fo'ofo|ky;ksa] laLFkkvksa] m|ksx Lrj ij vVy buD;wcsVlZ LVkVZ vIl vkSj m|fe;ksa ds fy, vuqdwy ekgkSy cukus ds fy, vVy uoizorZu fe'ku vVy buD;wcs'ku lsaVj uke ds fo'oLrjh; buD;wcsVlZ ;kuh lgk;rk dsUnz fo'ofo|ky;ksa] laLFkkvksa] dkjiksjsV laxBuksa vkfn esa LFkkfir dj jgk gSA ;s buD;wcsVlZ fo'o Lrj ds vfHkuo LVkVZ vIl dks c<+kok nsaxs vkSj ekiu ;ksX; rFkk fVdkÅ m|e cu ldsaxsA vc rd vVy uoizorZu fe'ku us fo'o Lrjh; buD;wcsVlZ cukus ds fy, 102 fo'ofo|ky;ksa@ laLFkkvksa@futh m|eksa dk p;u fd;k gS ftuesa ls izR;sd gj pkj lky esa 40&50 fo'o Lrjh; LVkVZ vIl cukus vkSj muds fodkl dks c<+kok nsus esa viuk ;ksxnku djsxkA bl rjg ds 50 ls vfèkd buD;wcsVlZ us igys ls pkyw 900 ls vfèkd buD;wcsVlZ ds lkFk dke djuk 'kq: dj fn;k gSA ckdh dks Hkh blh lky pkyw dj fn;k tk,xkA y y vVy uoizorZu vVy fe'ku buD;wcs'ku lasVj dh lapkyukRed mRÑ"Vrk] uokpkj vkSj oSpkfjd usr`Ro] lg;ksx vkSj lk>snkjh rFkk u;h igyksa dks tksj&'kksj ls c<+kok nsus lacafèkr dqN xfrfofèk;ka fuEufyf[kr gSa% y f l a x k i q j vka=kizsU;ksj&3-0 ,Vh,y esa pksVh ds Ng u;s dh 14 ;kstuk] twu 2020

oSpkfjd dks lfØ; :i ls c<+kok nsus] lg;ksx vkSj lk>snkjh rFkk igy ls lacafèkr xfrfofèk;ka izdkj gSa% y 24 ,,uvkbZlh vk;ksftr x;s] 5 ea=kky;ksa dks lgk;rkA y igys pj.k dh vuqnku lgk;rk ds laforj.k ds fy, 26 fotsrkvksa dk p;u] 26 dks ckn esa buD;wcsVlZ ds ekè;e lgk;rk iznku djus ds fy, 'kkWVZ fyLV fd;k x;kA y ,,uvkbZlh ds fotsrkvksa] ea=kky;ksa@oSKkfudksa ds lkFk lfØ; :i ls cSBdsa vk;ksftr usr`Ro vc rd vVy uoizorZu fe'ku ds rgr ns'k Hkj esa 10]000 ls vfèkd iathdj.k fd;s x;s gSaA buesa ls 4]000 ls vfèkd dks vVy fVadfjax ySCl vkSj vVy buD;wcs'ku lsaVj ls tksM+k x;k gSA vfèkd vko';d ckr ;g gS fd vU; ljdkjh ,tsafl;ka Hkh lekos'kh fodkl ds fy, uoksUes"k dk iQk;nk mBk jgh gSaA yn~nk[k fLFkr mPp mUurka'k j{kk vuqlaèkku laLFkku (MhvkbZ,p,vkj) us {ks=k ds lkekftd&vkfFkZd fodkl dks rst djus esa uoksUes"kh vkSj vkewy ifjorZudkjh Hkwfedk fuHkkbZ gSA lkSj ÅtkZ vkèkkfjr fdiQk;rh xzhu gkml] ÅtkZ dh 'kwU; [kir djus okys HkaMkjksa tSlh dbZ igyksa us lfCt;ksa vkSj i'kqvksa dh mRikndrk rFkk mit esa vkewy ifjorZu yk fn;k gSA ;gh ugha blls ioZrksa esa o`{k js[kk dks 13]000 iQqV rd igqapkus esa enn feyh gSA blds vykok dukZVd ljdkj us vt+he izseth iQkmaMs'ku dh enn ls ljdkjh izkbejh Ldwyksa esa izkFkfed f'k{kk esa uoizorZu dh 'kq#vkr dhA mUgksaus ,d vfHkuo izfØ;k 'kq: dh gS ftlds rgr ijh{kk esa fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds izkIrkadksa dh ctk; mudh n{krk,a c<+kus dh Ldwy dh {kerk dk vkdyu fd;k tkrk gSA blls izkFkfed Ldwyksa ds cgqr ls vU; fo|kFkhZ cqfu;knh n{krkvksa ds lkFk f'k{kk iwjh dj ldsaxsA dkjiksjsV laxBuksa] lkekftd m|eksa] ,uthvkst vkSj ljdkjh ,tsafl;ksa esa uoizorZu ds fy, c<+rh lfØ;rk dk dkiQh izHkko iM+rk fn[kkbZ nsus yxk gSA vfèkdkfèkd la[;k esa laxBuksa us uoizorZu bdkb;ksa dks vius laxBuksa ds <kaps esa 'kkfey fd;k gSA blls ;g fo'okl lqn`<+ gqvk gS fd ^Hkkjr ds fy, uoizorZu mlh rjg gS] ftl rjg tkiku ds fy, xq.koÙkk Fkh&;kuh vkewy ifjorZu dh dkjdA* vkb;s bl xfr'khyrk dks ml fcanq rd ysdj tk,a ftlls Hkkjr nqfu;k esa uoizorZu dk dsUnz cu tk,A n lanHkZ 1. https://sksindia.com/background.htm 2. https://www.akshayapatra.org/about-us 3. https://goonj.org/knowing-goonj/ bl fd;s ls c<+kok nsuk rFkk u;h igyA y vc rd 300 ls vfèkd vkosnu izkIr gks pqds gSa vkSj 1]300 ls vfèkd iathdj.k Hkh gq, gSaA y 25 ,lhvkbZlh dks foÙk o"kZ 2020&21 ds nkSjku pkyw fd;k tk,xkA vVy U;w bafM;k pqukSrh & jk"Vªh; vlj okys mRiknksa vkSj lsokvksa dk uoizorZu jk"Vªh; Lrj ij lkekftd&vkfFkZd vlj okys mRikn vkSj lsokvksa ls lacafèkr uokpkj ds fy, vVy uoizorZu fe'ku us 24 ls vfèkd vVy U;w bafM;k LièkkZ,a dsUnz ljdkj ds ikap vyx&vyx ea=kky;ksa vkSj foHkkxksa dh lk>snkjh esa 'kq: fd;s gSaA blds fy, izkIr 950 ls vfèkd vkosnuksa esa ls 52 fotsrkvksa dks vuqnku lgk;rk vkSj buD;wcsVj@esaVj dh enn ds fy, pquk x;k gSA vVy uoizorZu fe'ku ds varxZr vVy U;w bafM;k pSysat (,-,u-vkb-lh-) lapkyukRed mRÑ"Vrk] uoizorZu vkSj dh tk jgh gSA ,e,l,ebZ m|eksa esa uoizorZu ds fy, vuqç;qDr vuqlaèkku vkSj NksVs m|eksa }kjk uoizorZu (,jkbt) ,e,l,ebZ@LVkVZ vi {ks=k esa uoizorZu dks pj.kc¼ rjhds ls c<+kok nssus ds fy, vVy uoizorZu fe'ku ,jkbt uke dk dk;ZØe lg;ksxh ea=kky;ksa dh lk>snkjh esa 'kq: djsxk rkfd vuqlaèkku ds egku fopkjksa dks O;kogkfjd vfHkuo izksVksVkbi ;kuh izk:iksa vkSj mlds ckn mRikn ds :i esa fodflr fd;k tk lds vkSj okf.kfT;d :i ls mudk mi;ksx gks ldsA futh vkSj lkoZtfud {ks=k] ,uthvks] 'kSf{kd ladk; rFkk laLFkkvksa dk ekxZn'kZu vkSj lk>snkjh bu lHkh igyksa dks liQy cukus ds fy, vVy uoizorZu fe'ku us lcls cM+k ekxZn'kZd fu;kstu vkSj izcaèku dk;ZØe ^easVj bafM;k&n esaVlZ vkWiQ psat* 'kq: fd;k gSA 15 ;kstuk] twu 2020

bZ&'kklu lks'ky ehfM;k % lkoZHkkSfed rFkk O;kid :i ls izHkkoh vfer jatu u;s tekus ds lks'ky ehfM;k VwYl dh lcls cM+h [kwch mudh lkoZHkkSfedrk vkSj loZO;kidrk esa fufgr gSA bUgsa LFkkfir djuk vkSj bLrseky djuk cM+k ljy gS vkSj mudk mi;ksDrk&vuqHko Hkh cgqr gh ljyhÑr gSA vkt gekjs HkkSfrd txr esa nwjh vkSj lhek lacaèkh ckèkk,a gks ldrh gSa] exj opqZvy ;kuh vkHkklh nqfu;k loZO;kih gS&fuLlansg ge lc ,d vfofPNUu fo'o xzke ds vax gSaA 19 90 ds n'kd esa tc oYMZ okbM osc dk tUe gqvk rks blds izkjafHkd mi;ksxdrkZ us baVjusV dks lgh vFkks± esa iwjs tks'k ls vaxhÑr dj fy;k gSA vkt la?kh;] {ks=kh; vkSj LFkkuh; ljdkjksa dh ,tsafl;ka ftl rjg ls ukxfjdksa ls tqM+dj laokn dj jgh gSa mlls rks lks'ky ehfM;k ,d xse psatj ;kuh ;qxkarjdkjh lkfcr gqvk gSA Hkkjr ljdkj u;s mHkjrs bu #>kuksa dh vfxze iafDr esa jgh gSA mlus vkèkqfudre fMftVy VsDuksykWth dks cM+h 'kh?kzrk ls viuk;k gS vkSj 'kklu O;oLFkk ds lapkyu rFkk iz'kklfud nkf;Roksa dks iwjk djus esa u;s rjg ds lks'ky ehfM;k ds lapkj lkèkuksa dks vaxhdkj fd;k gSA Hkkjr ljdkj ds egRokdka{kh ^fMftVy bafM;k* dk;ZØe dk mn~ns'; Hkkjr dks fMftVy rjhds ls l'kDr lekt vkSj Kku vkèkkfjr vFkZO;oLFkk okyk ns'k cukuk gSA bl igy dk nkf;Ro bysDVªkWfuDl vkSj lwpuk VsDuksykWth ea=kky; dk gS ysfdu ns'k ds la?kh; <kaps ds rgr bl ij vey dsUnz] jkT; vkSj LFkkuh; fudk;ksa lesr lkoZtfud vkSj futh] nksuksa gh {ks=kksa ij gksrk gSA vkèkqfud ;qx ds lks'ky ehfM;k VwYl ;kuh lk/u ;k midj.kksa dh lcls cM+h [kwch mudh lkoZHkkSfedrk vkSj (ftUgsa vyhZ ,MkIVlZ vFkkZr 'kq#vkr esa gh ;k tYnh viukus okys Hkh dgk tkrk gS) bathfu;j] vkfo"dkjd] vdknfed fo}ku vkSj vuqlaèkkudrkZ tSls VsDuksykWth leqnk; ds yksx FksA ljdkjsa vyhZ ,MkIVj esa 'kkfey ugha Fkha&mUgksaus rks bls cgqr ckn esa viuk;kA ysfdu tc mUgksaus bls viuk;k rks bls lekt dh eq[;èkkjk ij baVjusV ds izHkko ds Toyar ladsr ds :i esa ns[kk x;kA ;gh ugha] bls baVjusV dh izklafxdrk] blds iSekus vkSj nqfu;k Hkj esa :ikarj.k dh {kerk j[kus okys ds :i esa Hkh ns[kk x;kA rhu n'kd ckn fo'o Hkj esa ljdkjksa fMftVy bafM;k ys[kd LykbM'ks;j ds laLFkkid vkSj us'kuy bZ&xous±l fMfotu ds yhM izksMDV vkfdZVsDV gSaA bZesy % amitranjan25@gmail.com 16 ;kstuk] twu 2020

ldrk gS] gkykafd ohfM;ks lcls fnypLi iQkesZV gS ftls lcls vfèkd yksx ns[krs gSaA ;gka 12 ,sls rjhdksa dh tkudkjh nh tk jgh gS] ftuds tfj, Hkkjr ljdkj dh ,tsafl;ka lks'ky ehfM;k dk mi;ksx viuh xfrfofèk;ksa ds izHkko dks dbZ xquk c<+kus esa dj jgh gSaA ladV@vkink izcaèku tc dHkh dksbZ cM+k] vizR;kf'kr ladV [kM+k gksrk gS] ukxfjdksa esa ng'kr iQSyuk LokHkkfod gSA ,sls esa os vius fuokZfpr izfrfufèk;ksa ls ekxZn'kZu vkSj ijke'kZ dh vis{kk djrs gSaA ljdkjh ra=k Hkh ,slh fLFkfr esa gjdr esa vk tkrh gS vkSj mls ukxfjdksa dks Li"V :i ls ;g crkuk gksrk gS fd gkykr ls fuiVus ds fy, ekud lapkyu izfØ;k ;kuh ,l-vks-ih- D;k gksxhA vDlj ,slh fLFkfr esa ng'kr dh otg ls eph gM+cM+h esa viQokgksa dk cktkj xeZ gksus dh vk'kadk jgrh gS ftlls vke yksx xqejkg gks ldrs gSaA bl rjg ds ladV dh fLFkfr iSnk gksus ij vktdy ljdkj ukxfjdksa ds lkFk laidZ cukus ds fy, lks'ky ehfM;k dk vfèkdkfèkd mi;ksx dj jgh gSA gky ds nks mnkgj.kksa ls bl rjg ds #>ku dh iqf"V gksrh gSA igyk mnkgj.k jk"Vªh; vkink izcaèku ,tsalh }kjk ns'k ds iwohZ rV esa (vksfM'kk jkT;) pØokrh rwiQku dh psrkouh ls lacafèkr gS vkSj nwljk Hkkjr ljdkj ds i=k lwpuk dk;kZy; dk dksfoM&19 ds izdksi dh otg ls dh x;h rkykcanh ds flyflys esa ukxfjdksa ds fy, tkjh ijke'kZ gSA (fp=k&1) fp=k&1 loZO;kidrk esa fufgr gSA bUgsa LFkkfir djuk vkSj bLrseky djuk cM+k ljy gS vkSj mudk mi;ksDrk&vuqHko Hkh cgqr gh ljyhÑr gSA vkt gekjs HkkSfrd txr esa nwjh vkSj lhek lacaèkh ckèkk,a gks ldrh gSa] exj opqZvy ;kuh vkHkklh nqfu;k loZO;kih gS&fuLlansg ge lc ,d vfofPNUu fo'o xzke ds vax gSaA fcy xsV~l dk izfl¼ dFku gS& ^^baVjusV dy ds fo'o&xzke dh pkSiky curk tk jgk gSA** bldk eryc gS fd fofHkUu lkekftd&vkfFkZd i`"BHkwfe;ksa okys Hkkjrh;] pkgs mudk 'kSf{kd Lrj dqN Hkh gks] OgkV~l ,si] iQslcqd] fV~oVj] baLVkxzke] fyaDMbu tSls ,fIyds'kUl dk mi;ksx dj ldrs gSa vkSj mudk iQk;nk mBk ldrs gSaA ;s vkt ?kj&?kj esa izpfyr uke cu x;s gSaA buesa ls T;knkrj ,si (vaxzsth lesr) Hkkjr dh vusd {ks=kh; Hkk"kkvksa esa miyCèk gSaA lLrs eksckby iQksu] fdiQk;rh cSaMfoM~Fk vkSj MsVk Iyku vkSj {ks=kh; Hkk"kkvksa esa miyCèk lkexzh&bu lc ckrksa us feydj lks'ky ehfM;k dh igqap vkSj izHkko dk foLrkj dj mls egkuxjksa vkSj 'kgjksa dh lhekvksa ls ckgj ns'k ds lqnwj xzkeh.k {ks=kksa rd igqapkus esa enn dh gSA T;knkrj ljdkjh ,tsafl;ka vkt yksdfiz; lks'ky ehfM;k pSuyksa ij viuh lfØ; mifLFkfr cuk, j[krs gSaA blds fy, os vkfèkdkfjd lks'ky ehfM;k vdkmaV cukrs gSa] muds cM+h la[;k esa iQkWyksvlZ gksrs gSa vkSj os fu;fer :i ls rktk tkudkjh] ljdkjh vfèklwfpuk,a ;k lkoZtfud ?kks"k.kkvksa ds ckjs esa vius pSuyksa ds tfj, tkudkjh nsrs jgrs gSaA ljdkjh foHkkxksa ds lks'ky ehfM;k ,dkmaV~l ds vykok dk;Zikyd vfèkdkfj;ksa] ukSdj'kkgksa] eaf=k;ksa vkfn Hkh lks'ky ehfM;k ij cM+s lfØ; jgrs gSa vkSj fu;fer :i ls ,d&nwljs ds viMsV~l lk>k (jh&V~ohV ds tfj,) djrs jgrs gSaA os ftl lkexzh dks lk>k djrs gSa og ohfM;ks] best] izstsaVs'ku] VsDLV] ihMh,iQ] thvkb,iQ vkfn fdlh Hkh :i esa gks foHkkx vkSj fp=k&2 17 ;kstuk] twu 2020

fp=k&3 fp=k&4 T;knkrj ukxfjd lsokvksa ds fy, ([kkl rkSj ij turk ls lacafèkr lsokvksa ds fy,) lks'ky ehfM;k ij lfØ; ,dkmaV gksrs gSa vkSj os ukxfjdksa dks viuh f'kdk;rsa lhèkk ljdkj rd igaqpkus dks izsfjr djrs gSaA tc ;g lc lkoZtfud :i ls lcdh utjksa ds vkxs gks jgk gks rks lsok iznkrkvksa ij Hkh bl ckr dk ncko curk gS fd elys dks lqy>k;k tk, (vxj laHko gks rks jhvy Vkbe esa] vU;rk mfpr le; ij) rkfd yksxksa dh utj esa lsok iznkrk dh Nfo fu"i{k] ikjn'khZ vkSj tokcnsgh okys laxBu dh cuh jgsA dHkh&dHkh tc fdlh leL;k dk rRdky lekèkku gks tkrk gS rks ukxfjd viuk ÑrKrk vkSj izlUurk ds Kkiu esa Hkh nsjh ugha djrsA bl rjg dh vfHkO;fDr dks lsok iznkrk dh lsokvksa dh mRÑ"Vrk dh iqf"V djus okys izek.k ds :i esa ns[kk tkrk gSA bu fnuksa lks'ky ehfM;k ij ;s nks mnkgj.k cM+s vke gks jgs gSa% igyk] eqacbZ iqfyl dks ;krk;kr lacaèkh f'kdk;r dk vkSj nwljk ,d jsy ;k=kh }kjk Hkkjrh; jsy esa liQj djrs le; casxyq: fMohtu ds f[kykiQ ntZ djkbZ xbZ jhvy Vkbe f'kdk;r dkA (fp=k&3) dkuwu vkSj O;oLFkk ljdkjh ,tsafl;ksa esa iqfyl egdek lks'ky ehfM;k pSuyksa dk ;dhuu lcls lfØ; mi;ksxdrkZ gSA bldk dkj.k ;g gS fd iqfyl dh ftEesnkjh jhvy Vkbe esa turk ds vklikl gh gksrh gS vkSj turk ij vDlj viQokgksa] >wB vkSj iQthZ psrkouh vkfn dk vlj iM+rk gSA iqfyl ls vis{kk dh tkrh gS fd turk ds lkFk vius O;ogkj ls mudk Hkjkslk gkfly djsa vkSj viuh ckr fcuk fdlh nqfoèkk ds nks&Vwd dgsaA iqfyl dks ckj&ckj ?kks"k.kk,a Hkh djuh iM+rh gSa vkSj dHkh&dHkh lks'ky ehfM;k blds fy, cM+k mi;qDr lkfcr gksrk gSA viQokgksa dks ysdj fV~oVj ij fnYyh iqfyl dk ;g ijke'kZ bl ckr dk lgh mnkgj.k gS fd iqfyl fdl rjg lks'ky ehfM;k ds ekè;e ls Hkzked viQokgksa ls ukxfjdksa dks lpsr djrh gSA (fp=k&4) HkrhZ dqN ljdkjh ,tsafl;ka vius laxBu esa [kkyh inksa ij vkosnu ds fy, csgrjhu ukxfjdksa dh Hkkxhnkjh lks'ky ehfM;k dh lcls vPNh Hkwfedk ljdkjksa vkSj ukxfjdksa ds chp yxkrkj laokn vkSj laidZ dk;e j[kus ds ekè;e ds :i esa gSA ukxfjdksa dks ;g vglkl gksuk pkfg, fd mudh ljdkjsa lgHkkfxrkiw.kZ vkSj mudk Lokxr djus okyh gSaA mUgsa uhfr;ka cukus vkSj dk;ZØeksa ij vey ds ckjs esa vius fopkj] fVIif.k;ka rFkk lq>ko j[kus dh Hkh btktr gksuh pkfg,A Hkkjr ljdkj dk ekbxo (MyGov) eap bl lacaèk esa ukxfjdksa esa cM+k yksdfiz; gSA blds vykok Hkkjr ljdkj ftu lks'ky ehfM;k pSuyksa (fV~oVj] iQslcqd] OgkV~l,si] buLVkxzke vkfn) dk mi;ksx djrh gS muls Hkh ukxfjdksa ds lkFk laidZ cukus] mudh Hkkxhnkjh c<+kus vkSj ukxfjdksa rFkk ljdkj ds chp egRoiw.kZ lacaèkksa esa ikjnf'kZrk ykus esa enn feyrh gSA (fp=k&2) ukxfjdksa dh f'kdk;rsa vkSj lg;ksx ukxfjdksa dh f'kdk;rksa ds fy, lks'ky ehfM;k cM+s izHkko'kkyh jhvy Vkbe pSuy ds :i esa mHkj dj lkeus vk;k gSA fp=k&5 fp=k&6 18 ;kstuk] twu 2020

izfrHkkvksa dks vkdf"kZr djus ds fy, lks'ky ehfM;k HkrhZ pSuyksa dk bLrseky dj jgh gSaA ^fyaDMbu* ,d yksdfiz; vkWuykbu HkrhZ IysViQkeZ gS ftl ij us'kuy baLVhV~;wV vkWiQ LekVZ xouZesaV }kjk Hkkjrh; fof'k"V igpku izkfèkdj.k (;wvkbMh,vkb&Hkkjr ljdkj ds vkèkkj dk;ZØe dk lapkyu djus okyh ,tsalh) esa fu;qfDr ds fy, fn;k x;k foKkiu dk ,d mnkgj.k gSA (fp=k&5) fyaDMbu esa foKkiu ds nks iQk;ns gSa&;g ukSdfj;ksa ds ckjs esa tkudkjh nsrk gSA nqfu;k Hkj esa blds 50 djksM+ iathÑr ;wtj gSa ftuesa 6-2 djksM+ Hkkjrh; ;wtj Hkh 'kkfey gSaA os bu [kkyh inksa ls lacafèkr tkudkjh dks vklkuh ls ns[k ldrs gSa vkSj vkosnu dj ldrs gSaA fons'k lacaèk lks'ky ehfM;k us baVjusV ds tfj, jk"Vªksa ds chp nwfj;ka de dj nh gSaA dbZ ljdkjh ,tsafl;ka nwljs ns'kksa ds lkFk laokn vkSj laidZ dk;e djus ds fy, lks'ky ehfM;k pSuyksa dk dkjxj rjhds ls mi;ksx dj jgh gSaA nwrkokl vkSj fons'kh okf.kT; nwrkokl fV~oVj vkSj iQslcqd ij lfØ; jgrs gSa vkSj vius ukxfjdksa ls lacafèkr egRoiw.kZ viMsV~l ,d&nwljs ds lkFk lk>k djrs gSaA fp=k&6 esa Hkkjr ljdkj dk ,d mnkgj.k gS (muds vkfèkdkfjd fV~oVj vdkmaV ls) ftlesa ikjkxq, ds yksxksa dks muds Lora=krk fnol dh 'kqHkdkeuk,a nh x;h gSaA blesa ;g Hkh crk;k x;k gS fd fdl rjg ls Hkkjr ljdkj ds fons'k ea=kky; us vius lHkh vkfèkdkfjd fV~oVj gSaMYl ds ckjs esa fons'k ea=kky; dh osclkbV (https://mea.gov.in/) ij tkudkjh lk>k dh gSA O;kikj vkSj m|ksx lacaèk ljdkjh ,tsafl;ka uhfr lacaèkh ijke'kZ izkIr djus vkSj usVofd±x vkfn ds fy, O;kolkf;d] vkS|ksfxd vkSj O;kikfjd laxBuksa ds lkFk fu;fer :i ls laidZ cuk, j[krh gSaA lks'ky ehfM;k dk vlj c<+kus esa O;olk;ksa esa egRoiw.kZ Hkwfedk gS vkSj foKkiuksa rFkk Hkqxrku vkèkkj ij nh tkus okyh lsokvksa vkfn ds tfj, ;s baVjusV vFkZO;oLFkk esa vius egRoiw.kZ ;ksxnku djrs gSaA baVjusV ij dbZ ekSnzhdj.k ekWMy iwjh rjg ;k vkaf'kd :i ls miØeksa ij fuHkZj jgrs gSa] tSls ch2ch ;kuh fctusl Vw fctusl ekWMy vkSj Hkkjh Hkjde foKkiu vkSj foi.ku ctV okys cM+s dkjiksjs'ku ns'k dh vFkZO;oLFkk esa viuk ;ksxnku djrs gSaA uhps nks mnkgj.k fn;s tk jgs gSa ftuesa ls igyh okf.kT; vkSj m|ksx ea=kky; dh ,d iQslcqd iksLV gSA blesa ea=kh dks ,d vkS|ksfxd lHkk dks lacksfèkr djrs fn[kk;k x;k gSA nwljh baMksusf'k;k esa Hkkjrh; egkokf.kT; nwrkokl f'k{kk ij m|ksxksa ds f'k[kj lEesyu ds fy, fV~oVj ij tkjh fuea=k.k i=k gSA ;krk;kr lacaèkh rktk tkudkjh egkuxjksa esa ;krk;kr lacaèkh rktkrjhu lwpuk,a vkSj ijke'kZ LFkkuh; iqfyl }kjk lks'ky ehfM;k ,dkmaV~l ds tfj, fu;fer :i ls jhvy Vkbe esa lk>k fd;s tkrs gSaA (fp=k 7) bl rjg ds viMsV~l vkus&tkus okyksa ds fy, fy, cM+s mi;ksxh gSa vkSj buds vkèkkj ij os VªSfiQd tke ls cp ldrs gSa ;k le; cpkus ds fy, nwljs jkLrs dk mi;ksx dj ldrs gSaA vDlj LFkkuh; ,iQ-,e- jsfM;ks LVs'ku bl rjg ds VªSfiQd viMsV~l ds vkèkkj ij tkudkfj;ksa dks vius pSuy ls izlkfjr dj viuk lkekftd nkf;Ro fuHkkrs gSaA okgu pyk jgs Jksrkvksa dks blls cM+k iQk;nk gksrk gSA fnYyh ;krk;kr iqfyl lM+d vo#¼ gksus vkSj fdlh mRlo dh otg ls okguksa ds vkus&tkus ds [kqys gq, jkLrksa ds ckjs esa ijke'kZ yksxksa ds lkFk fdl rjg lk>k djrh gS blds nks mnkgj.k fp=k fn;s tk jgs gSaA ljdkjh [kjhn ljdkj ,d laLFkk ds :i esa nqfu;k esa oLrqvksa vkSj lsokvksa dh lcls cM+h mRiknd gSA mlds }kjk dh tkus okyh [kjhn vke rkSj ij [kqys VsaMj vkeaf=kr djus dh izfØ;k ij vkèkkfjr gksrh gS ftlesa gj fdlh dks fu"i{k vkSj fcuk fdlh HksnHkko ds Hkkx ysus dk ekSdk fn;k tkrk gSA blhfy, VsaMj uksfVl dks eq[; laidZ pSuyksa esa lkoZtfud :i ls izdkf'kr djuk vko';d gksrk gSA VsaMj uksfVlksa dks fp=k&7 19 ;kstuk] twu 2020

irk yxkuk vDlj vklku ugha gksrk fd foHkkx dk izHkkjh vfèkdkjh dkSu gS (ekeyk fdl vfèkdkjh ds vfèkdkj {ks=k esa vkrk gS) vkSj mlls laidZ dk fooj.k D;k gSA dqN ekeyksa esa lks'ky ehfM;k enn ds fy, vkxs vk ldrk gSA fp=k&8 esa ,d mnkgj.k fn;k tk jgk gS ftlesa crk;k x;k gS fd fdl rjg vle ds ,d ftys nhek gklkvks esa ds iqfyl foHkkx us vius 'kh"kZ vfèkdkfj;ksa vkSj muds vèkhuLFk deZpkfj;ksa ds VsyhiQksu uacj lkoZtfud :i ls lk>k fd;sA bl rjg ds mik;ksa ls viQlj'kkgh esa deh vkrh gS vkSj ukxfjdksa dh utj esa ikjnf'kZrk vkSj tokcnsgh c<+rh gSA n lanHkZ 1. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Technology_adoption_life_cycle 2. h t t p s : / / w w w. t e l e g r a p h . c o . u k / technology/0/bill-gates-quotes- wordswisdom-microsoft-mogul/ microsoftfounder-gates-addres session-worldeconomic-forum/ 3. https://www.linkedin.com/jobs/ view/1828855148/ 4. https://twitter.com/IndianDiplomacy/ status/1260817443234119680 5. https://mea.gov.in/mea-on-twitter.htm 6. https://twitter.com/DimahasaoPolice/ status/1176782269303779328 7. https://www.mygov.in/task/logo- designcompetition-national-maritime- heritagecomplex-lothal/ 8. https://twitter.com/dtptraffic/ status/956562337275691008 9. https://twitter.com/dtptraffic/ status/1255344026183761921 10. https://twitter.com/ROBChandigarh/ status/1199640537592033285 11. https://twitter.com/EESL_India/ status/1227097515108917253 12. https://twitter.com/IndianEmbJkt/ status/1158624752497336320 13. https://www.facebook.com/PIB. Ministryof.Commerce.and.Industry/ posts/2435788706502733 14. https://twitter.com/UmangOfficial_/ status/1230717490377838592 15. https://twitter.com/digilocker_ind/ status/1225288302372089856 16. https://twitter.com/DelhiPolice/ status/797497935734812672 17. https://twitter.com/MumbaiPolice/ status/1174324062455099400 18. https://twitter.com/PIB_India/ status/1262068277871702017 19. https://twitter.com/ndmaindia/ status/1262389983324844033 20. https://play.google.com/store/apps/ details?id=in.mygov.mobile&hl=en_IN 21. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_ India. (fp=k&8) (fp=k&9) lekpkj i=kksa esa izdkf'kr djus dh ijEijk jgh gSA vkt bZ&VsaMfjax dh 'kq#vkr gksus ls bu uksfVlksa dks lks'ky ehfM;k pSuyksa ij Hkh vfèkdkfèkd iksLV fd;k tkus yxk gSA fp=k 8&9 esa fo|qr ea=kky; us fctyh ls pyus okyh dkjksa ds fy, cksfy;ka vkeaf=kr dh gSa tcfd nwljs esa lwpuk vkSj izlkj.k ea=kky; ds vèkhu paMhx<+ ds i=k lwpuk dk;kZy; ds paMhx<+ C;wjks us fMftVy eqnz.k ds fy, fufonk,a vkeaf=kr dh gSaA fopkjksa vkSj uokpkj dh ØkmMlksfl±x baVjusV dk Lo:i ewyr% izfrHkkfxrk ij vkèkkfjr gS ftlesa yksx Kku] dkS'ky vkSj vuqHkoksa dks ;g eku dj [kqy dj lk>k djrs gSa fd blls vkSjksa dks iQk;nk gksxkA dHkh&dHkh ;g eqÝr esa fd;k tkrk gS vkSj dHkh&dHkh blds fy, dqN izksRlkgu Hkh fn;s tkrs gSaA ØkmMlksfl±x baVjusV ij ,d yksdfiz; xfrfofèk gS ftlesa ^tuleqnk; ds lkewfgd Kku* dk iQk;nk mBk;k tkrk gSA fp=k&ekbxo yksxks esa ,d mnkgj.k fn;k x;k gS ftlesa crk;k x;k gS fd fdl rjg Hkkjr ljdkj dk lkeqnkf;d Hkkxhnkjh eap ekbxo ØkmMlksfl±x dk iQk;nk mBk jgk gSA blds varxZr Hkfo"; esa cuk, tkus okys èkjksgj ifjlj ds fy, ^yksxks* fMtk;u izfr;ksfxrk dk vk;kstu fd;k tk jgk gSA ukxfjdksa dks izfr;ksfxrk esa viuh izfof"V;ka Hkstus ds fy, vkeaf=kr fd;k x;k gSA izfrHkkfx;ksa dks izksRlkfgr djus ds fy, udn iqjLdkjksa dh Hkh ?kks"k. kk dh x;h gSA ukxfjd lsok iznku djus okys ,Il ljdkj us ukxfjdksa ds fy, lsok iznku djus okys vusd ,Il 'kq: fd;s gSaA bu ,Il ds ckjs esa tkx:drk c<+kus vkSj yksxksa dks mUgsa MkmuyksM djus dks izsfjr djus ds fy, lks'ky ehfM;k ,d egRoiw.kZ ekè;e gSA pwafd ;s ,Il turk dks è;ku esa j[kdj cuk, x;s gSa] dksf'k'k ;g dh tk jgh gS fd mUgsa ^ok;jy* cuk;k tk, vkSj muds ckjs esa tkudkjh ,d O;fDr ls nwljs O;fDr rd dkuksa dku igqapsA V~foVj] iQslcqd] OgkV~l,si tSls lks'ky ehfM;k pSuy ,Il dks ok;jy cukus ds fy, cM+s mi;qDr gSaA ;gka fn;s x;s nks mnkgj.kksa esa ls ,d nLrkostksa vkSj izek.ki=kksa dks fMftVy :i esa lqjf{kr j[kus ds fy, ljdkj }kjk cuk;s x;s fMftykWdj gS vkSj nwljk fofHkUu ljdkjh lsokvksa ds lkFk laidZ LFkkfir djus dk xsVos (;k Mk;jsDVjh) ^meax* gSA gkykafd bu ,Il dk lapkyu djus okys vius&vius lks'ky ehfM;k gSaMy gSa] ysfdu ljdkjh foHkkx Hkh bUgsa c<+kok nsrs gSaA ikjnf'kZrk vkSj tokcnsgh ukxfjd] ljdkjh foHkkxksa vkSj muesa dke djus okys vfèkdkfj;ksa rd vklku igqap pkgrh gSA ljdkjh ra=k ds vkdkj vkSj foLrkj dks è;ku esa j[krs gq, ;g ses- 20 ;kstuk] twu 2020

vkRefuHkZjrk fMftVy bafM;k MkW 'khry diwj le; ij tkudkjh vkSj xjhcksa] t:jreanksa rFkk detksj oxks± ds [kkrs esa lhèks èku varj.k ls dbZ yksxksa dh tku cpkus esa enn fey ldrh gS vkSj ljdkj }kjk fodflr fMftVy ,si ladV ls fuiVus esa bl le; egRoiw.kZ Hkwfedk fuHkk jgs gSaA bl ys[k esa vkjksX; lsrq ,si] izR;{k ykHk varj.k] ;wihvkbZ&Hkhe ,si] #is] tSe tSls çkS|ksfxdh IysViQkWeZ ds ckjs esa crk;k x;k gS] tks bl ckr ds 'kkunkj mnkgj.k gSa fd dksfoM&19 ladV ds nkSjku ljdkj fdl izdkj Lo;a dks okgd vkSj l{ke cukdj bruk vPNk dj jgh gSA l oxks± dks lhèks èku varj.k ls dbZ yksxksa dh tku cpkbZ tk ldrh gSA ladV ds bl le; esa ljdkj }kjk fodflr fMftVy ,si vge jdkjksa ds fy, ;g vko';d gS fd os fo'ks"kdj ladV ds le; yksxksa dks lVhd] mi;ksxh vkSj v|ru tkudkjh çnku djsaA dksfoM&19 egkekjh ds nkSjku] Hkkjr ljdkj }kjk yksxksa rd tkudkjh igqapkus esa fMftVy izkS|ksfxdh dk mi;ksx egRoiw.kZ lkfcr gks jgk gSA le; ij tkudkjh] xjhcksa] t:jreanksa vkSj detksj Hkwfedk fuHkk jgs gSaA çèkkuea=kh us 12 ebZ] 2020 dks jk"Vª dks lacksfèkr djrs gq, Hkkjr dks vkRefuHkZj cukus dk vkg~oku fd;k vkSj mYys[k fd;k fd dksjksuk ladV ds nkSjku çR;{k ykHk varj.k ds lkFk] ljdkj us dSls okLrfod ykHkkfFkZ;ksa ds [kkrksa esa vkjksX; lsrq cx ckmaVh çksxzke (,si esa xM+cM+h fudkyus ij buke) vkjksX; lsrq çksMD'ku fcYM % vkjksX; lsrq dk ,aMªkW;M ,si okyk <kapk] vkbZvks,l vkSj ,ihvkbZ lkexzh osQ lkFk lkotZfud rkSj ij 'kksèk leqnk; osQ fy, miyCèk djk;k tk,xkA lqj{kk/futrk lacèkh xM+cfM+;ka % •lqj{kk osQ fy, dke djus okys 'kksèkdrZkvksa }kjk •ksth xbZ xM+cM+h] ftls bl bZesy irs ij Hkstk tkuk pkfg,% as&bugbounty@nic.in bldk fo"k; ;g gksuk pkfg,% lqj{kk esa xM+cM+h ls tqM+h fjiksVZ] vkjksX; lsrq Vhe lcls igys bl xM+cM+h dh tkap dj ldrh gS (vxj dksbZ gS) vkSj bls Bhd djus osQ fy, dkjZokbZ dj ldrh gS% y vxj ,slk fd;k tkrk gS] rks bls ^t+:jh •qyklk* ekuk tk,xk vkSj fliQZ bl rjg dk •qyklk djus okys buke osQ gdnkj gksaxsA vkjksX; lsrq osQ lkslZ dksM esa fdlh Hkh rjg osQ lqèkkj osQ ckjs esa bl bZesy irs ij crk;k tk ldrk gS% bugbounty@nic.in. bZesy dk fo"k; gksxk% dksM lqèkkj buke dh Js.kh vfèkdre buke (#i;s esa) lqj{kk xM+cM+h ^^bu&Ldksi xM+cfM+;ksa** (3-2 IokbaV) osQ rgr gj xM+cM+h ij 3]00]000 #i;s (rhu yk• #i;s) ls 1]00]000 #i;s (,d yk• #i;s) rdA fdlh ,d ;k lHkh rhu osQ fy, vkosnu fd, tk ldrs gSaA lkslZ dksM esa lqèkkj osQ fy, lq>ko dksM esa lqèkkj osQ fy, 1]00]000 (,d yk•) #i;s rd y bl vfèklwpuk osQ eqrkfcd 'krs± iwjh djus okys lHkh nkoksa dks 'kkck'kh osQ rkSj ij çek.k i=k fn;k tk,xkA y vxj dbZ 'kksèkdrZkvksa@oaQifu;ksa ls ,d ls T;knk nkos Lohdkj fd, tkrs gSa] rks vkjksX; lsrq Vhe nkoksa osQ vlj vkSj blls lacafèkr MsVk osQ vkèkkj ij budk pquko djosQ fopkj djsxkA buke dh jde Hkh blh fglkc ls ckaVh tk ldrh gSA Ïksr% mygov.in ysf[kdk miHkksDrk Dyc] okf.kT; foHkkx] deyk usg: dkWyst] fnYyh fo'ofo|ky; esa ,lksfl,V çksiQslj vkSj la;kstd gSaA bZesy% sheetal_kpr@hotmail.com 21 ;kstuk] twu 2020

lhèks èkujkf'k tek djkbZ vkSj Hkz"Vkpkj rFkk yhdst ij vadq'k yxk;kA vkjksX; lsrq ,si vkjksX; lsrq ,si us yksxksa dks dksjksuk ok;jl ls laØfer gksus ds Lo;a ds tksf[ke dk vkadyu djus esa l{ke cuk;k gSA ;g vR;kèkqfud CywVwFk izkS|ksfxdh] ,Yxksfjne vkSj Ñf=ke es/k dk mi;ksx djrs gq,] vU; yksxksa ds lkFk ckrphr ds vkèkkj ij tksf[ke dk vkadyu djrk gSA vklku vkSj mi;ksxdrkZ ds vuqdwy çfØ;k ds ekè;e ls LekVZiQksu esa ,d ckj buLVky fd, tkus ds ckn] ,si ml iQksu ds laidZ esa jgus okys vU; iQksu dk irk yxkrk gS ftuesa vkjksX; lsrq buLVky gksrk gSaA ;fn bu laidks± esa ls fdlh esa laØe.k dh iqf"V gksrh gS rks ;g ,si izxfr'khy ekinaMksa ds vkèkkj ij laØe.k ds tksf[ke dk vkadyu djrk gSA ;g] dksfoM&19 laØe.k ds izlkj ds tksf[ke dk vkadyu djus vkSj vko';d gksus ij vyxko lqfuf'pr djus ds fy, vko';d vkSj le; ij dne mBkus esa ljdkj dh lgk;rk dj jgk gSA ,si dk fMtkbu loZçFke futrk lqfuf'pr djrk gSA lwpuk izkS|ksfxdh ea=kh jfo'kadj çlkn us dqN yksxksa dh vk'kadkvksa ds ckn mi;ksxdrkZvksa dks ,si dh MsVk lqj{kk vkSj ,si dh lqj{kk ds ckjs esa vk'oLr fd;k gSA ,si }kjk ,d=k fd, x, O;fDrxr MsVk dks vR;kèkqfud izkS|ksfxdh dk mi;ksx djds ,fUØIV fd;k x;k gS vkSj ;g iQksu ij rc rd lqjf{kr jgrk gS tc rd fpfdRlk dh lqfoèkk ds fy, bldh vko';d gksrh gSA ;g 11 Hkk"kkvksa esa miyCèk gSA pSVcksV Hkkjr ljdkj us ,d OgkV~l,si pSVcksV 'kq: fd;k gS rkfd ukxfjdksa dks dksjksuk ok;jl egkekjh ls lacafèkr vius lHkh ç'uksa tSls fd ?kkrd chekjh ds y{k.k] fudVre dksfoM&19 tkap dh lqfoèkk vkfn ds ckjs esa Rofjr vkSj çkekf.kd mÙkj fey ldsaA mi;ksxdrkZvksa dks 919013151515 uacj ij ^gk;* NksM+uk gksxk ;k ekbZ xo dksjksuk gsYi MsLd ij dkWy Hkh dj ldrs gSaA dksjksuk dop dksjksuk dop] dksfoM&19 VªSdj ,Iyhds'ku gSA bls dsaæh; lwpuk vkSj çkS|ksfxdh ea=kky; }kjk LokLF; ,oa ifjokj dY;k.k ea=kky; ds lg;ksx ls cuk;k x;k gSA ;g ,fIyds'ku mi;ksxdrkZvksa dks ^dop* lqfoèkk dks ,fDVosV djus okys laØfer mi;ksxdrkZvksa ds okLrfod le; ds ckjs esa crkrk gSA dksfoM&19 iQhMcSd bl ,fIyds'ku dks dsaæ }kjk mu yksxksa ls çR;{k çfrfØ;k çkIr djus ds fy, fodflr fd;k x;k gS] ftudk ns'k esa dksjksuk ok;jl dk mipkj gks jgk gSA dksfoM&19 jk"Vªh; gsYiykbu 24x7 jk"Vªh; gsYiykbu uacj $91&11& 23978046 vkSj Vksy&izQh uacj 1075 'kq: fd;k x;k gS] yksx bl ij ljdkj }kjk nh tk jgh dksjksuk ls lacafèkr tkudkjh çkIr dj ldrs gSaA blds vykok] dsaæ us dksjksuk ls lacafèkr yksxksa ds ç'uksa dk tokc nsus ds fy, ,d bZ&esy vkbZMh% ncov2019@ gov.in fodflr dh gSA lEidZ j{kk vuqlaèkku vkSj fodkl laxBu (MhvkjMhvks) us laxjksèku okys yksxksa ij ut+j j[kus ds fy, lEidZ uked ,si fodflr fd;k gSA ;g ,d ,slk lkWÝVos;j gS ftlesa ,d ,fIyds'ku gS ftls dksfoM&19 ls laØfer O;fDr;ksa ds LekVZ iQksu ij buLVky fd;k tk ldrk gSA ;g ,d loZj&lkbM ,fIyds'ku gS ftldk mi;ksx ljdkj ds vfèkdkfj;ksa }kjk ejhtksa ij utj j[kus esa fd;k tkrk gSA ;g ç.kkyh thvks iQsaflax] ,vkbZ&vkèkkfjr Lopkfyr psgjk igpku (iathdj.k ds nkSjku yh xbZ lsYiQh vkSj ckn esa jksxh }kjk Hksth xbZ lsYiQh ds chp) dj ldsxh vkSj jkT; ds vfèkdkfj;ksa dks ,d ekufp=k ij tkudkjh çnf'kZr dh tk ldsxh ftls jax ds vkèkkj ij dksjksuk dsanz vkSj lajksèku {ks=k ds :Ik esa n'kkZ;k tk ldrk gSA bl ,si ds lgh mi;ksx ls ljdkjh lqfoèkk esa laxjksèku ds ctk; ?kjsyw laxjksèku dk fodYi fey ldrk gSA ?kj esaaaaaaa laxjksèku ls gj ejht ij utj j[kus dk dke vklku gksus dh mEehn gS] ftlls ljdkjh ra=k ij dk;Z dk cks> de gksxkA vfèkdkjh] fn'kkfunsZ'kksa dk mYya?ku djus okyksa dk vklkuh ls irk yxk ldrs gSa vkSj Øejfgr tkap Hkh dj ldrs gSaA ;fn os lajksèku {ks=k dk mya?ku djrs gSa ;k mudh lsYiQh esy ugha [kkrh gS] rks mYya?ku djus okyksa dks uD'ks esa yky jax esa] vxj muds LekVZiQksu le;≤ ij vkjksX; lsrq ,si us yksxksa dks dksjksuk ok;jl ls laØfer gksus ds Lo;a ds tksf[ke dk vkadyu djus esa l{ke cuk;k gSA ;g vR;kèkqfud CywVwFk izkS|ksfxdh] ,Yxksfjne vkSj Ñf=ke cqf¼eÙkk dk mi;ksx djrs gq,] vU; yksxksa ds lkFk ckrphr ds vkèkkj ij tksf[ke dk vkadyu djrk gSA 22 ;kstuk] twu 2020

viMsV Hkstuk can dj nsrs gSa rks uhys jax esa vkSj vxj lc dqN larks"ktud ik;k tkrk gS rks gjs jax esa fn[kk;k tk,xkA çR;{k ykHk varj.k (MhchVh) Hkkjr ljdkj dh ;g ;kstuk] fofHkUu lkekftd dY;k.k ;kstukvksa tSls ,yihth lfClMh] eujsxk Hkqxrku] o`¼koLFkk isa'ku] Nk=ko`fÙk vkfn dk ykHk vkSj lfClMh lhèks ykHkkFkhZ ds cSad [kkrs esa varj.k djus dh gSA dksfoM&19 ladV ds chp xjhc vkSj detksj oxks± dks jkgr çnku djus ds fy, ljdkj dh çkS|ksfxdh lapkfyr çR;{k ykHk varj.k ;kstuk] izèkkuea=kh xjhc dY;k.k ;kstuk dks ykxw djus esa egRoiw.kZ jgh gSA tu èku [kkrs okys fuEu vk; oxZ dh 20 djksM+ efgykvksa dks çfr ekg 500&500 #i;s ds çR;{k ykHk varj.k ds rgr 10]025 djksM+ #i;s dk varj.k fd;k x;k gSA ykWdMkmu ds nkSjku] izèkkuea=kh fdlku lEeku fufèk ;kstuk ds rgr 8-19 djksM+ #i;s ykHkkfFkZ;ksa dks 2000&2000 #i;s çnku fd, x,A mTToyk ,yihth ;kstuk ds 8 djksM+ ls T;knk ykHkkfFkZ;ksa dks eqÝr esa 3&3 flysaMj fn, tk jgs gSaA Hkou vkSj fuekZ.k dk;Z esa yxs 2-20 djksM+ Jfedksa dks 3]950 djksM+ #i;s dh foÙkh; lgk;rk nh xbZ gSA blds vykok] 6-81 djksM+ flysaMj mTToyk ;kstuk ds ykHkkfFkZ;ksa rd eqÝr igqapk, x, gSa vkSj 12 yk[k ls uked eksckby vkèkkfjr ,fIyds'ku] lkeqnkf;d dk;ZdrkZvksa dks ?kj&?kj tkdj losZ{k.k] laidZ dk irk yxkus] vko';d oLrqvksa ds forj.k vkSj tu tkx:drk vfHk;ku lacaèkh ljdkj ds mís';ksa dks iwjk djus esa ,d egRoiw.kZ midj.k ds :i esa dke djrk gSA ladV ds bl le; esa viuh dk;Z ç.kkyh dks csgrj cukus ds fy, ljdkj ds ç;klksa dks c<+kus ds fy, ;g IysViQkWeZ vkSj ,si cuk;k x;k gSA ;g IysViQkWeZ dsaæ vkSj jkT; ljdkjksa dh lkoZtfud LokLF; forj.k ç.kkyh dks etcwr djrk gS vkSj blds ckn LokLF;] lkekftd&vkfFkZd ladV vkSj vkthfodk lacaèkh pqukSfr;ksa ls fuiVus ds fy, ukxfjdksa vkSj ,tsafl;ksa dks vko';d Hkw&LFkkfud lwpuk leFkZu çnku djrk gSA ljdkj }kjk fodflr dqN vU; çkS|ksfxdh ,fIyds'ku] dksfoM&19 ladV ds nkSjku egRoiw.kZ Hkwfedk fuHkk jgs gSa% Hkhe ,si Hkhe (Hkkjr baVjiQsl iQkWj euh) ,d Hkkjrh; eksckby Hkqxrku ,si gS] ftls us'kuy isesaV~l dkWjiksjs'ku vkWiQ bafM;k us fodflr fd;k gSA ;g ;wfuiQkbM isesaV~l baVjiQsl ij vkèkkfjr gSA bls 30 fnlacj 2016] dks 'kq: fd;k x;k FkkA ;g udnhjfgr ysu&nsu dh fn'kk esa cSadksa ds ekè;e ls lhèks bZ&Hkqxrku dh lqfoèkk çnku djus esa enn djrk gSA Hkkjrh; losZ{k.k foHkkx us ,d bZ&IysViQkWeZ fodflr fd;k gS tks ljdkj vkSj lkoZtfud LokLF; ,tsafl;ksa dks dksfoM&19 egkekjh dh fLFkfr ds en~nsutj egRoiw.kZ fu.kZ; ysus esa enn djus ds fy, ns'k ds egRoiw.kZ cqfu;knh <kaps ij Hkw&fpfÉr tkudkjh ,d=k djrk gSA vfèkd bZih,siQvks èkkjd xSj&okilh ;ksX; vfxze dh okilh ls ykHkkfUor gq,] ftUgsa 3]360 djksM+ #i;s dh jkf'k dk Hkqxrku fd;k x;k gSA lg;ksx Hkkjrh; losZ{k.k foHkkx us ,d bZ&IysViQkWeZ fodflr fd;k gS tks ljdkj vkSj lkoZtfud LokLF; ,tsafl;ksa dks dksfoM&19 egkekjh dh fLFkfr ds en~nsutj egRoiw.kZ fu.kZ; ysus esa enn djus ds fy, ns'k ds egRoiw.kZ cqfu;knh <kaps ij Hkw&fpfÉr tkudkjh ,d=k djrk gSA bl IysViQkeZ ij vLirkyksa] ijh{k.k ç;ksx'kkykvksa] laxjksèk f'kfojksa] lajksèku vkSj ciQj {ks=kksa ds lkFk&lkFk tSo fpfdRlk vif'k"V fuiVku LFkyksa dh fLFkfr dh tkudkjh gSA lg;ksx ^lg;ksx* dksfoM&19 MS'kcksMZ 23 ;kstuk] twu 2020

Hkhe ij ysu&nsu yxHkx rkRdkfyd gksrk gS vkSj bls lIrkgkar rFkk cSad dh NqfV~V;ksa lfgr 24x7 esa bLrseky fd;k tk ldrk gSA Hkhe mi;ksxdrkZvksa dks vius cSad [kkrksa esa 'ks"k jkf'k dh tkap djus vkSj ysu&nsu ds fy, bLrseky fd, tkus okys [kkrs ds pquko dh vuqefr nsrk gS] gkykafd ,d le; esa dsoy ,d gh [kkrk lfØ; gks ldrk gSA :is bls us'kuy isesaV~l dkWjiksjs'ku vkWiQ bafM;k us cuk;k gSA ;g dkMZ ?kjsyw] [kqyh vkSj Hkqxrku dh cgqi{kh; ç.kkyh dks iwjk djus dh Hkkjrh; fjtoZ cSad dh voèkkj.kk ds vuq:i cuk;k x;k FkkA :is lHkh Hkkjrh; cSadksa vkSj foÙkh; laLFkkuksa esa bysDVªkWfud Hkqxrku dh lqfoèkk çnku djrk gSA vkbZvkjlhVhlh bafM;u jsyos dSVfjax ,aM VwfjTe dkWjiksjs'ku fyfeVsM (vkbZvkjlhVhlh) ds bl eksckby ,si ds ekè;e ls miHkksDrkvksa dks yach drkjksa esa [kM+s gksus dh vko';drk ugha gS vkSj os ?kj cSBs bZ&fVdV cqd dj ldrs gSaA tSe Lo;a ;g ,d bZ&dkWelZ iksVZy ;k ljdkj bZ&ekdsZVIysl gS] tks ljdkjh foHkkxksa dks udnh ;k HkkSfrd Hkqxrku ds fcuk fofHkUu foØsrkvksa ls mudh vko';drk dh oLrqvksa dh [kjhn ds fy, cuk;k x;k gSA meax ,si meax (;wuhiQkbM eksckby ,fIyds'ku iQkWj U;w&,t xous±l) Hkkjr ljdkj dk ,d ,dy ,dhÑr lqjf{kr eYVh&pSuy eYVh&IysViQkWeZ cgq Hkk"kkbZ cgqlsoh izQhos;j eksckby ,si gS] ftlesa 1]200 ls vfèkd dsanzh; vkSj jkT; ljdkj dh vkèkkj] fMft ykWdj] Hkkjr fcy isesaV flLVe] iSu] bZih,siQvks lsok,a] izèkkuea=kh ,vkbZlhVhbZ] lhch,lbZ] dj vkSj 'kqYd ;k mi;ksfxrk lsokvksa ds fcy Hkqxrku] f'k{kk] ukSdjh [kkst] dj] O;olk;] LokLF;] Ñf"k] ;k=kk] Hkkjrh; jsyos fVdV cqfdax] tUe çek.k i=k] bZ&ftyk] bZ&iapk;r] iqfyl eatwjh] ikliksVZ] futh daifu;ksa ls vU; mi;ksfxrk lsok,a vkSj dbZ vU; lsok,a 'kkfey gSaA ;g f'k{kk uhfr ds vkn'kks± dks gkfly djus] igqap] lekurk vkSj xq.koÙkk çnku djus ds fy, Hkkjr ljdkj }kjk 'kq: fd;k x;k ,d vkWuykbu f'k{kk dk;ZØe gSA bl ç;kl dk mís'; lcls vfèkd oafprksa lfgr lHkh dks loksZÙke f'k{k.k f'k{kk miyCèk djkuk gSA egRodka{kh ;qok eu ds fy, LVMh osCl vkWiQ ,fDVo&yfu±x esa mu fo|kfFkZ;kas ds fy, fMftVy varj dks ikVus dk ç;kl fd;k x;k gS tks fMftVy Økafr ls vNwrs jgs gSa vkSj Kku vFkZO;oLFkk dh eq[;èkkjk esa 'kkfey ugha gks ik, gSaA ;g ,d ,sls ekè;e ls fd;k tkrk gS] ftlesa d{kk 9 ls ysdj LukrdksÙkj rd fdlh Hkh le;] fdlh Hkh LFkku ij lHkh ikB~;Øeksa dh i<+kbZ dh lqfoèkk feyrh gSA ns'k Hkj ds 1000 ls vfèkd fo'ks"k :i ls pqus x, ladk;ksa vkSj f'k{kdksa us bu ikB~;Øeksa dks rS;kj djus esa Hkkx fy;k gS tks fu%'kqYd miyCèk gSaA ;s ikB~;Øe f'k{kkfFkZ;ksa ds fy, cgqr ennxkj gSa D;ksafd bUgsa Hkkjr ds loZJs"B ladk;ksa esa 'kkfey ladk; }kjk rS;kj fd;k x;k gSA bl çdkj] ljdkjh ,si dk mi;ksx djds Hkkjrh; ukxfjd èku vkSj le; dh cpr dj ldrs gSa] D;ksafd ;s ,si dksfoM&19 egkekjh ds nkSjku cgqr ennxkj lkfcr gks jgs gSa] vkSj t:jrean rFkk detksj oxks± rd igqapus esa egRoiw.kZ Hkwfedk fuHkk jgs gSaA n lanHkZ • https://www.mygov.in/covid-19 • https://www.mygov.in/aarogya-setu-app/ • http://www.surveyofindia.gov.in/ • https://www.irctc.com/ • https://www.india.gov.in/spotlight/ government-e-marketplace-procurement- made-smart#tab=tab-1 • https://web.umang.gov.in/web/#/ • https://swayam.gov.in/about 24 ;kstuk] twu 2020

bafMd daI;wfVax Ñf=ke es/k ls LFkkuh;dj.k ckysUnq 'kekZ nèkhp Ñf=ke es/k ;kuh vkfVZfiQf'k;y baVsfytsal us LFkkuh; Hkk"kk VsDuksykWft;ksa] mRiknksa] midj.kksa] lsokvksa vkSj lqfoèkkvksa osQ jax <ax dks cnyuk 'kq: dj fn;k gSA urhtru] Msoyij mi;ksxdrkZ osQ vuqHkoksa dks ljy cukus vkSj c<+kus esa l{ke gq, gSa vkSj Hkkjrh; Hkk"kk mi;ksxdrkZvksa osQ fy, csgrj mRikndrk dh lqfoèkk çnku dj jgs gSaA ; fn eSa ,d n'kd igys bl ys• dks fy• jgk gksrk rks eSa oaQI;wVj ;k eksckby iQksu esa Hkkjrh; Hkk"kkvksa esa VsDLV buiqV djus osQ rjhosQ osQ ckjs esa crk jgk gksrk vkSj viuh ilanhnk LFkkuh; Hkk"kk esa bZesy djus vkSj osc lpZ djus dh ckr dj jgk gksrkA eSaus bl rF; osQ ckjs esa Hkh ckr dh gksrh fd vc fofHkÂ VsDuksykWth mRikn ,d LFkkuh; Hkk"kk ;wtj baVji+Qsl dks lfØ; djus dh lqfoèkk osQ lkFk vkrs gSaA ysfdu le; cny x;k gS vkSj VsDuksykWth osQ lkFk&lkFk Hkkjrh; Hkk"kkvksa osQ lkFk dke djus dh mudh {kerk dk fodkl ewy ckrksa ls dgha vkxs fodflr gks pqdk gSA ekbØkslkWÝV] xwxy] isQlcqd vkSj vest+kWu tSls vkbZVh laxBu vc vius mRiknksa dks yqHkkous cukus osQ fy, vkfVZfiQf'k;y baVsfytsal (Ñf=ke cqf¼) dh {kerk dk ykHk mBk jgs gSa rkfd mUgsa LFkkuh; Hkk"kk mi;ksxdrkZvksa osQ fy, vfèkd lqyHk cuk;k tk losQA LFkkuh;dj.k fuLlansg ,d egRoiw.kZ igyw gS ysfdu ckr ;gha rd lhfer ugha gSA vkfVZfiQf'k;y baVsfytsal us LFkkuh; Hkk"kk VsDuksykWft;ksa] mRiknksa] midj.kksa] lsokvksa vkSj lqfoèkkvksa osQ jax <ax dks cnyuk 'kq: dj fn;k gSA urhtru] Msoyij mi;ksxdrkZ osQ vuqHkoksa dks ljy cukus vkSj c<+kus esa l{ke gq, gSa vkSj Hkkjrh; Hkk"kk mi;ksxdrkZvksa osQ fy, csgrj mRikndrk dh lqfoèkk çnku dj jgs gSaA blus mi;ksxdrkZ vkSj fMokbl osQ ikjLifjd laidks± vkSj baVsyhtsaV izkS|ksfxfd;ksa rd igqap osQ uwru çdkjksa dk ekxZ ç'kLr fd;k gS ftuesa ls dbZ DykmM esa ;k foaMkst] ,aMªkWbM] vkWfiQl 365 vkSj xwxy MkWDl tSls IysViQkeks± vkSj lqbV~l esa py jgs gSaA vc tcfd vkfVZfiQf'k;y baVsfytsal mRikndrk LFky esa viuh ekStwnxh dk vglkl djkrh gS rks ,d •kl LFkkuh; Hkk"kk mi;ksxdrkZ vius pkjksa vksj gks jgs ifjorZu dh çfØ;k osQ çfr tkx`r gks jgk gSA lglk vki u rks dhcksMZ ls buiqV VsDLV dk mi;ksx djus rd lhfer gSa vkSj u gh vkidks viuh Hkk"kk ls vifjfpr yksxksa osQ lkFk ckrphr djus osQ fy, nwljh Hkk"kk lh•uh gksxhA bl rjg osQ vuqHko vaxzsth Hkk"kk osQ mi;ksxdrkZvksa osQ fy, iwjh rjg ls vlkekU; ugha gSa ij ,d fof'k‘ Hkkjrh; Hkk"kk mi;ksxdrkZvksa osQ fy, ;g ,d vis{kkÑr ubZ ?kVuk gS& vkSj os blls vfHkHkwr gSaA LFkkuh; Hkk"kk izkS|ksfxfd;ksa esa ns[kk tk ldrk gSA ;s Økafrdkjh fodkl fuf'pr :i ls Msoyijksa vkSj mi;ksxdrkZvksa dks leku :i ls ykHkkfUor djus tk jgs gSa] ysfdu bl ifjn`'; dks fMftVy lekos'ku osQ O;kid ifjçs{; ls Hkh ns•k tk ldrk gSA fdlh fo'ks"k çksxzkfeax Hkk"kk ls ijs (ySaXost ,XuksfLVd) oaQI;wfVax fMftVy lekos'ku dk ,d egRoiw.kZ igyw gS tks Hkk"kk VsDuksykWth osQ {ks=k esa u, fodkl osQ ys•d Hkkjrh; Hkk"kk izkS|ksfxfd;ksa osQ fo'ks"kK gSaA bZesy% balendu@gmail.com 25 ;kstuk] twu 2020

dkj.k gksus yxk gS tks vc vkfVZfiQf'k;y baVsfytsal ls lapkfyr gSA xwxy vflLVsaV vkSj vest+kWu ,ysDlk tSls opZqvy lgk;d vc fganh esa fn, x, ekSf•d vkns'kksa dks le>rs gSaA tcfd dksjVkuk opZqvy vflLVsaV dks tks foaMkst 10 osQ lkFk vkrk gS] vHkh rd Hkkjrh; Hkk"kkvksa esa fn, tkus okys ekSf•d dekaM le>uk ckdh gS gkykafd ;g vaxzsth ls fganh] caxyk] rfey] mnZw ;k dbZ vU; Hkk"kkvksa esa VsDLV dk vuqokn dj ldrk gSA cl dfg;s ¶vjs dksjVkuk] vuqokn djsa& VqMs osnj bt+ xqM & fganh esaA** Ñf=ke es/k ;qDr baVjsfDVo ,IyhosQ'ku nsoukxjh vkSj jkseu fyfi;ksa esa bldk fyI;arj.k djus osQ vykok fganh vuqokn dk fu’kiwoZd <ax ls mPpkj.k djsxk& vkt ekSle cgqr vPNk gSA vkWijsfVax flLVe osQ vanj ,sls ,vkbZ&l{ke vuqHko fganh u cksyus okyksa osQ fy, cgqr mi;ksxh gksaxs tSls vke ihlh mi;ksxdrkZvksa osQ vykok i;ZVd vkSj O;olk;h tks oqQN rRdky vuqoknksa osQ fy, dksjVkuk dh enn ysuk pkgrs gSaA vkWfiQl lqbV esa vuqokn mi;qZDr esa ls fdlh Hkh Hkk"kk esa ,d esy feyk ftls vki ugha le>rs gSa\ esy D;k dgrk gS] ;g le>us osQ fy, vkmVyqd esa varfuZfgr vuqoknd dk ç;ksx djsaA esy dk tokc nsuk mruk gh vklku gS ftruk fd vki bls i<+dj viuk lans'k vaxzsth esa fy•rs gSa vkSj ^lsaM* cVu nckus ls igys viuh ilan dh Hkk"kk esa bldk vuqokn djrs gSaA vkWfiQl ,fIyosQ'ku ekbØkslkWÝV VªkalysVj dk ykHk mBkrs gSa tks uohure ih<+h osQ U;wjy e'khu vuqokn VsDuksykWft;ksa osQoy ,d ,sM&vkWu lsok ugha gS] cfYd ;g ekbØkslkWÝV mRiknksa vkSj lsokvksa dk ,d çeq• Hkkx gSA baVjusV vkSj eksckby (tSls ,aMªkWbM osQ fy, fcax vkSj ekbØkslkWÝV VªkalysVj) osQ vykok bldh {kerk dk vuqHko oMZ] ,Dlsy] ikWojikWbaV] vkmVyqd vkSj Ldkbi tSlh ifjfpr mRikndrk vkSj lapkj ,IyhosQ'kal esa fd;k tk ldrk gSA Hkkjr dh tux.kuk 2011 osQ gky gh esa tkjh vkadM+ksa ls LFkkuh; Hkk"kkvksa dks cksyus okys yksxksa dh la[;k esa vPNh o`f¼ dk laosQr feyrk gSA blosQ lkFk VsDuksykWth osQ çfr vfèkd tkx:drk] vis{kk,a vkSj çfr O;fDr vk; osQ c<+us ls LFkkuh; Hkk"kk mRiknksa vkSj lsokvksa dh vfèkd ekax dks çksRlkgu feyus dh mEehn gSA vkfVZfiQf'k;y baVsfytsal ls le`¼ mRiknksa esa lekt osQ bl oxZ dks l'kDr cukus vkSj lexz mRikndrk dks c<+kus dh {kerk gSA çstsaVs'ku Hkk"kk dh ckèkkvksa dks nwj djrh gSa D;k vki tkurs gSa fd vki vius ikWoj ikWbaV çLrqfr;ksa dk vaxzsth ls fganh esa vuqokn dj ldrs gSaA ;k fiQj rfey] caxyk vkSj mnZw esa\ ekbØkslkWÝV ls ^çstsaVs'ku VªkalysVj* (https://translator.microsoft. com) Iyxbu dh enn ls vki cl oqQN gh lsoaQM esa ,slk dj ldrs gSaA ftl rjg ls ns'k osQ fofHkÂ Hkkxksa esa O;kolkf;d volj mHkj jgs gSa] mls ns•rs gq, vkidks jkT; dh jktèkkfu;ksa vkSj fV;j 2@3 'kgjksa esa fofHkÂ çdkj osQ n'kZdksa ls tqM+us dh vko';drk gks ldrh gS vkSj ,slh fLFkfr;ksa esa ekbØkslkWÝV dk ;g 'kfDr'kkyh Iyxbu vkidh çstsaVs'ku dks dbZ LFkkuh; Hkk"kkvksa esa ifjofrZr djosQ vkiosQ thou dks vklku cuk ldrk gS vkSj bl çdkj le; vkSj lalkèkuksa dh ,d cM+h cpr gksrh gSA bruk gh ugha Iyxbu Hkkjrh; Hkk"kk esa vkWVksesVsM ykbo oSQI'ku Hkh rS;kj dj ldrk gS tc vki vaxzsth ;k fdlh vU; ekU; fo'o Hkk"kk esa cksyrs gSaA ;g vkidks fdlh ijs'kkuh ls cpkus osQ ckjs esa gh ugha gS] cfYd vkidks vusd çdkj ls ,sls l'kDr cukrk gS ftlosQ ckjs esa vkius ugha lkspk gksxkA vkfVZfiQf'k;y baVsfytsal dh {kerk us LFkkuh; Hkk"kkvksa osQ lkFk dke vkfVZfiQf'k;y baVsfytsal dh {kerk us LFkkuh; Hkk"kkvksa osQ lkFk dke djus osQ rjhosQ dks cnyuk 'kq: dj fn;k gSA cSdxzkmaM esa csgn tfVy rjhosQ ls dke djus okyh VsDuksykWth vkidh viuh Hkk"kk esa foaMkst vkSj vkWfiQl ls ,Dlsl djus ij bLrseky esa csgn ljy vkSj lgk;d yxrh gSaA }kjk l'kDr e'khu vuqokn batu dk iQk;nk mBkrk gSA xwxy MkWDl Hkh vkiosQ fy, ;g dke dj ldrk gSA nksuksa vkWfiQl lqbV DykmM loZj ij pyus okyh lsokvksa ls lapkfyr gSaA fofHkÂ Hkk"kkvksa dk mi;ksx djus okys yksxksa osQ chp lapkj osQ ,sls vuqHko Hkk"kkbZ vojksèkksa dks Hkax djus esa liQy fl¼ gksaxsA egRoiw.kZ ckr rks ;g gS fd Hkk"kk vuqokn 26 ;kstuk] twu 2020

djus osQ rjhosQ dks cnyuk 'kq: dj fn;k gSA cSdxzkmaM esa csgn tfVy rjhosQ ls dke djus okyh VsDuksykWth vkidh viuh Hkk"kk esa foaMkst vkSj vkWfiQl ls ,Dlsl djus ij bLrseky esa csgn ljy vkSj lgk;d yxrh gSaA ,aMªkWbM vkSj vkbZvks,l IysViQkeZ ij ekbØkslkWÝV VªkalysVj ,si Vkbi fd;s ;k fçaVsM VsDLV] Liksdu oMZ vkSj ;gka rd fd iQksVks ls Hkh oaQVsaV dks igpku ldrk gS vkSj mldk vuqokn dj ldrk gSA ;fn vki :l ;k phu dh ;k=kk djrs gSa] rks vkidks ekWLdks ;k chftax dh lM+dksa ij ekxZfunZs'ku osQ ckjs esa fpark djus dh t+:jr ugha gS D;ksafd tc vki fcycksMZ ;k jksM lkbu dh ,d Nfo ij fDyd djrs gSa] rks ekbØkslkWÝV VªkalysVj iQksVks esa :lh ;k eaMkfju VsDLV dk rqjar fganh esa vuqokn dj ldrk gSA blosQ foijhr] vxj t;iqj ;k vkxjk tSls 'kgj esa ,d fons'kh i;ZVd fganh esa vius fopkjksa dks O;Dr djuk pkgrk gS] rks og ekbØkslkWÝV vuqoknd ,si esa cksydj ,slk dj ldrk gS D;ksafd mlosQ 'kCnksa dk fganh esa vuqokn fd;k tkrk gS vkSj mPpkj.k fd;k tkrk gSA mi;ksxdrkZ osQ l'kDrhdj.k osQ ;s vn~Hkqr mnkgj.k gSa tc vkfVZfiQf'k;y baVsfytsal i`’Hkwfe esa ,d enndrkZ dh Hkwfedk fuHkkrh gS vkSj lapkj çfØ;k osQ nksuksa Nksj osQ yksx ykHkkfUor gksrs gSaA xwxy dk bafMd dhcksMZ fganh fy•koV dks igpku ldrk gSA blh rjg] foaMkst esa vc ,d gSaMjkbfVax iSuy gS tks ,slk dj ldrk gSA ;fn vkiosQ ikl Vp&LØhu okyk ihlh gS rks vki iSuy ij fy•us osQ fy, vius LVkbYl dk mi;ksx dj ldrs gSaA fganh esa fy•us ls fganh fy•koV dh igpku osQ ifj.kke fn•kbZ nsaxs vkSj fo"k;oLrq dk fyI;arj.k gks tkrk gSA LØhu jhMj dk fganh ls la;kstu uSjsVj ;kfu ekbØkslkWÝV dk LØhu jhMj dk fganh cksy lduk u osQoy LFkkuh; Hkk"kk osQ ifjçs{; ls cfYd fnO;kaxtu osQ n`f‘dks.k ls Hkh ,d egRoiw.kZ fodkl gSA ;g ,fIyosQ'ku LØhu ij dekaM] esU;w vkSj VsDLV dks i<+ dj lquk ldrk gS vkSj blosQ vykok MsLdVkWi ,uok;jesaV dks Hkh le>k ldrk gSA fnO;kaxrk osQ lkFk vaxzsth Hkk"kk dk mi;ksx djus esa vleFkZrk fnO;kaxtuksa dh dfBukb;ksa dks c<+krh gS D;ksafd vfèkdka'k lqyHk VsDuksykWth vkSj midj.k Hkkjrh; Hkk"kkvksa dks ugha le>rs gSaA nqHkkZX; ls] T;knkrj fnO;kaxtu lekt osQ oafpr rcosQ ls vkrs gSa ftUgsa vDlj xq.koÙkkiw.kZ f'k{kk çkIr ugha gksrh gSa vkSj blfy, muosQ fy, vaxzsth esa ckrphr djuk eqf'dy gksrk gSA uSjsVj tSls lqyHk midj.k tks fganh esa VsDLV dks i<+ dj lquk ldrs gSa os u fd osQoy fnO;kaxtu cfYd LFkkuh; Hkk"kk osQ vke mi;ksxdrkZvksa osQ thou ij Hkh l'kDr çHkko MkysaxsA vius fopkjksa dk iwokZuqeku cqf¼eku ,si vkiosQ iQksu osQ dhcksMZ esa Ñf=ke cqf¼eÙkk ykrk gS D;ksafd ;g vkiosQ dk;Z djus osQ <ax ls lh•rk gS vkSj vkiosQ Vkbi fd;s tkus okys vxys 'kCn dks igys ls crykrk gSA ,si fganh lfgr 24 Hkkjrh; Hkk"kkvksa esa dke djrk gS vkSj vkidks gj fnu oqQN lkS v{kj fy•us osQ ç;kl ls cpk ldrk gSA ekbØkslkWÝV 1998 esa çkstsDV Hkk"kk osQ ykWUp osQ ckn nks n'kdksa ls Hkkjrh; Hkk"kkvksa osQ lkFk dke dj jgk gS] ftldh enn ls mi;ksxdrkZ Hkkjrh; Hkk"kk buiqV Vwy dk mi;ksx dj LFkkuh; Hkk"kk esa ljyrk ls vkSj 'kh?kzrk ls buiqV dj ldrs gSaA oaQiuh us gky gh esa rsyqxq] rfey vkSj xqtjkrh osQ fy, Hkk"k.k çf'k{k.k vkSj ijh{k.k MsVk dh is'kd'k djrs gq, ekbØkslkWÝV Hkkjrh; Hkk"kk Hkk"k.k laxzg miyCèk djk;k gSA ekbØkslkWÝV us gky gh esa vius vfèkdka'k bZesy ,si vkSj lsokvksa esa dbZ Hkkjrh; Hkk"kkvksa esa bZesy irksa osQ fy, liksVZ dh ?kks"k.kk dh gSA blosQ vykok] uohure foaMkst viMsV osQ :i esa] ekbØkslkWÝV us foaMkst 10 ij rfey 99 opZqvy dhcksMZ tksM+k gSA vius oSf'od LFkkuh; Hkk"kk dk;ZØe (,y,yih) osQ ekè;e ls ekbØkslkWÝV yksxksa dks mudh ewy Hkk"kk esa VsDuksykWth rd igqap çnku djrk gSA blesa dbZ Hkkjrh; Hkk"kkvksa tSls fganh] dÂM+] caxkyh] ey;kye osQ fy, Hkk"kk baVji+Qsl iSd 'kkfey gSaA n 27 ;kstuk] twu 2020

fo'ks"k vkys[k dksfoM&19 fo"kk.kq foKku MkW ljkg psfj;u MkW fç;k vczkge bl lnh us rhu vyx&vyx rjg ds dksjksuk ok;jl (lhvksoh) dk lkeuk fd;k gS] ftudk iQSyko ml jk"Vª ls ijs gqvk gS] ftlesa igyh ckj mudh igpku dh xbZ FkhA ;s gSa& 2003 esa xaHkhj rhoz 'olu ;kuh fLo;j ,D;wV jsfLijsVjh flaMªkse dksjksuk ok;jl (lklZ&lhvksoh)] 2012 esa eè; iwoZ 'olu flaMªkse lhvksoh (,ebZvkj,l&lhvksoh)] vkSj 2019 esa u;k dksjksuk ok;jl (2019&,ulhvksoh] ftls ckn esa vkfèkdkfjd rkSj ij lklZ&lhvksoh&2 uke fn;k x;k)A lklZ&lhvksoh&2 dh igpku igyh ckj fnlacj 2019 esa oqgku (gqcsbZ] phu) esa dh xbZ] tks dksjksuk ok;jl jksx 2019 (dksfoM 19) dk eq[; dkj.k gSA bls ekpZ 2020 esa fo'o LokLF; laxBu (MCY;w,pvks) }kjk egkekjh ?kksf"kr fd;k x;kA lk lZ&dksjksuk vkSj vU; dksjksuk ok;jl dksjksukfofjMk, ifjokj ds varxZr dksjksuSfojkbus mi&ifjokj ls lacafèkr gSa] ftlesa bldh pkj çtkfr;ka (tsusjk)& vYiQk dksjksuk ok;jl] chVk dksjksuk ok;jl] xkek dksjksuk ok;jl vkSj MsYVk dksjksuk ok;jl 'kkfey gSaA ;s ikWftfVo lsal flaxy&LVªSaMsM jkbcksU;wfDyd ,flM (vkj,u,) esa fyiVs gksrs gSaA ySfVu esa ^dksjksuk* 'kCn dk vFkZ gS ^ekyk ;k eqdqV*A dksjksuk ok;jl esa ok;jl ds vkoj.k ls ckgj fudyus dh fo'ks"krk okys eqn~xj ds vkdkj ds isIykselZ gksrs gSaA lhvksoh ;kuh dksjksuk ok;jl fofHkUu tkuojksa dh çtkfr;ksa dks laØfer djus ds fy, tkuk tkrk gS vkSj euq";ksa esa chekjh iSnk djus ds fy, çtkfr;ksa dh ckèkkvksa dks ikj dj ldrk gSA vYiQk dksjksuk ok;jl dh çtkfr;ka 229bZ vkSj ,u,y63 vkSj lkFk esa chVk dksjksuk ok;jl dh çtkfr;ka vkslh 43 vkSj ,pds;w 1] euq";ksa esa dsoy gYds y{k.k iSnk dj ok;jl&2 ikrh gSaA chVk dksjksuk ok;jl dh çtkfr;ka ,ebZvkj,l&lhvksoh] lklZ&lhvksoh vkSj lklZ&lhvksoh&2 lHkh xaHkhj 'olu ladV iSnk dj ldrh gSa] ftudh e`R;q nj Øe'k% 34-4 izfr'kr] 9-19 izfr'kr vkSj 6-8 izfr'kr gksus dk vuqeku gS] gkykafd buesa {ks=kh; varj gks ldrs gSa (çksEisiVpkjk vkSj vU;] 2020] rw vkSj vU;] 2020)A fnlacj 2019 ds var esa phu ds gqcsbZ çkar ds oqgku 'kgj esa ok;jl dk irk pyus ds ckn ls ;g 215 ns'kksa vkSj {ks=kksa esa iQSy pqdk gS] ftlls vHkh rd 47 yk[k ls vf/d O;fDr laØfer gks pqds gSa vkSj 3 yk[k ls T;knk yksxksa dh bl egkekjh ls e`R;q gqbZ gSA laØe.k ds vfèkdka'k 'kq#vkrh ekeyksa dk lacaèk oqgku osV@lhiQwM ekdsZV ls Fkk] tgka ,slh vVdysa yxk;h xb± fd ok;jl dk lzksr tkuoj@eè;orhZ estcku gSa] ftuesa pexknM+] lkai vkSj iSaxksfyu (gqvkax vkSj vU;] 2020 (lkbjukWLdh 2020) dks ok;jl dk lzksr crk;k x;kA ijUrq] vkt rd fdlh Hkh tkuoj dh igpku dh iqf"V ok;jl ds fuf'pr lzksr ds :i esa ugha dh xbZ gSA bl leh{kkRed vkys[k esa dksfoM&19 jksx] blds lapj.k vkSj y{k.k] egkekjh foKku] vkSj viuk;h tkus okyh mipkj dh j.kuhfr;ksa lfgr ok;jy ,tsaV ds lacaèk esa tkudkjh dk lkjka'k fn;k x;k gSA lklZ&lhvksoh&2 % ok;jl lajpuk] O;qRifÙk] thukse vkSj çfrÑfr pØ lklZ&lhvksoh&2 ok;jl dk O;kl yxHkx 50&200 ,u,e gS vkSj bldh lrg ij LikbDl (20 ,u,e rd dh yackbZ dh) ;kuh uksdnkj NM+sa gksrh gSa tks bls bysDVªkWu&ekbØksLdksi (fp=k 1) ds rgr eqdqV tSlh Nfo çnku djrh gSaA vU; dksjksuks&ok;jl dh rjg] ;g ok;jl Hkh ijkcSaxuh fdj.kksa vkSj Å"ek ds çfr laosnu'khy gSA blds vykok] bl ok;jl dks fyfiM lkWYoSaV~l tSls bZFkj] bFksukWy] Dyksjhu ;qDr dhVk.kquk'kd vkSj DyksjksiQkWeZ ds tfj, dkjxj :i ls fuf"Ø; fd;k tk ldrk gS (dSLdsyk vkSj vU;] 2020)A ok;jl MkW ljkg psfj;u] Hkkjrh; vk;qfoZKku vuqlaèkku ifj"kn&jk"Vªh; fo"kk.kq foKku laLFkku] iq.ks esa oSKkfud gSaA og laLFkku ds tSo lwpuk foKku foHkkx ds izeq[k gSaA bZesy% director.niv@icmr.gov.in MkW fç;k vczkge] Hkkjrh; vk;qfoZKku vuqlaèkku ifj"kn&jk"Vªh; fo"kk.kq foKku laLFkku] iq.ks esa funs'kd gSaA bZesy% director.niv@icmr.gov.in 28 ;kstuk] twu 2020

tfj, estcku dksf'kdkvksa esa ços'k djrk gS vkSj 'olu iFk esa ,fiFksfyvy dksf'kdkvksa ds estcku fjlsIVlZ dks can dj nsrk gSA ,aft;ksVsaflu&ifjorZd ,atkbe&2 (,lhbZ&2) dh igpku lklZ&lhvksoh&2 ds fy, çeq[k fjlsIVj ds :i esa dh xbZ gS (jSi vkSj vU;] 2020)A ;g çfØ;k ,d gksLV lsjhu çksVht (Vh,eihvkj,l,l 2) }kjk ,l çksVhu çkbfeax ij fuHkZj gS (ekRlq;kek vkSj vU;] 2020)A ok;jl ds ,d ckj estcku lsy esa ços'k djus ds ckn] ok;jy vkj,u, estcku lsy lkbVksIykTe esa çdV gksrk gSA ok;jy vkj,u, :ikarfjr gksdj ikWyhçksVhu iSnk djrk gS] tks vkxs foHkkftr gksdj vkj,u, çfrÑfr VªkalfØiVsl dkWEIysDl ds fy, lajpukRed çksVhu cukrs gSa] tks ok;jy vkj,u, dh çfrÑfr vkSj çfr:i.k ds fy, ftEesnkj gSA ,aMksIykfTed jsfVdqye xksyxh baVjehfM,V dEikVZesaV (bZvkjthvkbZlh) ls ok;jy U;wfDy;ksdSIl lftZr vkSj çLiqQfVr gksrk gSA ok;jy U;wfDy;ksdsIl ds :i esa ok;jy vkj,u, dks u, lhvksoh ok;jy dk mRltZu djus ds fy, çsfjr djrs gSa] os çLiqQfVr gksrs gSaA fp=k 2 esa çfrÑfr çfØ;k dks ;kstukc¼ rjhds ls çnf'kZr fd;k x;k gSA lklZ&dksjksuk ok;jl&2 dh thukse rqyuk ls irk pyk gS fd bldh cSVdksoh vkj,Vhth&13 vuqØe esa vfèkdre lekurk U;wfDy;ksVkbM (96-3 izfr'kr) ds lkFk] cSV lklZ&tSls&dksotSM,Dllh&21 ls lekurk 89 izfr'kr vkSj ekuo lklZ&lhvksoh ds lkFk lekurk 89 izfr'kr FkhA (pku vkSj vU;] 2020_ ,aMjlu vkSj vU; 2020)A blds vkèkkj ij] dksfoM&19 iSnk djus okys ok;jl dks lklZ&dksjksuk ok;jl&2 dgk x;kA bl çdkj thuksfed fo'ys"k.k us lq>ko fn;k fd lklZ&dksjksuk ok;jl&2 laHkor% pexknM+ksa esa ik, tkus okyh ,d çtkfr ls fodflr gqvk gSA Lruèkkfj;ksa vkSj euq";ksa ds chp varj djus okys laHkkfor çorZd Lruèkkjh tho] tks euq"; ds çfr çR;{k :i ls fo"kk.kqrk iSnk dj ldrs gSa] dh igpku vHkh rd ugha dh tk ldh gSA eyk;u iSaxksfyu lhvksoh Likbd çksVhu vuqØe Likbd çksVhu (ftvks vkSj vU;] 2020) ds fjlsIVj ckbafMax Mksesu esa lklZ&dksjksuk ok;jl&2 ds leku gSA çlkj i'kq&ls&ekuo dks ok;jl dk çlkj çkjaHk esa blds lapj.k dk eq[; ra=k le>k x;k D;ksafd dksfoM&19 ds 'kq#vkrh jksfx;ksa dk lacaèk oqgku ds gqvkuku lhiwQM gksylsy fp=k 1% lklZ&lhvksoh&2 dh Vªkalfe'ku bysDVªkWu ekbØksLdksih NfoA dksjksuk ok;jl thukse ds lkFk lcls cM+s Kkr vkj,u, ok;jl 'kkfey gSa ftudh yackbZ yxHkx 30 dsch gSA lklZ&lhvksoh&2 ds thukse (29]891 U;wfDy;ksVkbM~l) esa eq[; :i ls pkj lajpukRed çksVhu 'kkfey gSa] vFkkZr~] U;wfDy;ksdSfIlM (,u) çksVhu tks ok;jy vkj,u, dks èkkj.k djrk gS_ Likbd (,l) çksVhu] vkoj.k (bZ) çksVhu vkSj f>Yyh (,e) çksVhu tks ok;jy vkoj.k l`ftr djrs gSa (iyZeSu vkSj vU;] 2009) A lklZ&lhvksoh&2 Likbd (,l) çksVhu ds lklZ&dkso&2 vVSpesaV vkSj ,aVªh Likbd çksVhu(,l) esEczu fXydksçksVhu (,e) vkoj.k çksVhu (bZ) U;wVfDyvksdSfIlM çksVhu (,u) lklZ&dkso&2 ,l,lvkj,u, ,lhbZ2 fjlsIVj Vh,eihvkj,l,l&2 lkbVksIySTe esEczsu ¶;wtu vkSj okbjy vkj,u, fjyht okbjy vkj,u, thukse varj.k okbjy vkj,u, jsfIyds'ku vkSj iSdsftax okbjy dSfIlM vlsEcyh iksfy;kizksVhu (ihihySx) Lislht iksfy;kizksVhu bZvkjthvkbZlh VªkalfØI'ku varj.k jSfIydkls&VªkalfØI'ku dkWEIysDl ,l lsy esEczsu bZ ,e ,u U;wfDy;l fp=k 2 % ekuo dksf'kdk ds Hkhrj lklZ&dksjksuk ok;jl&2 esa çfrÑfr çfØ;k dk ,d ljy ,oa O;ofLFkr çLrqrhdj.k 29 ;kstuk] twu 2020

ekdsZV ls lhèks tksM+k x;k FkkA ijUrq] ;g ns[krs gq, fd ckn ds ekeys bl laØe.k ra=k (,Dlikstj eSdsfuTe) ls tqM+s ugha Fks] vr% ;g fu"d"kZ fudkyk x;k fd ok;jl dk lapkj ekuo&ls&ekuo esa Hkh gks ldrk gSA ,sls jksxh dksfoM&19 ds iQSyko esa lokZfèkd lrr lzksr gSa ftuesa laØe.k ds y{k.k çdV gks tkrs gSa] ysfdu y{k.kksa ds fodflr gksus ls igys Hkh laØe.k ds lapj.k dh vk'kadk ls badkj ugha fd;k tk ldrkA Ýyw lfgr vU; 'olu jksxtudksa ds lkFk] lapj.k eq[; :i ls [kkalh vkSj Nhadus ls lkal dh cwanksa ds ekè;e ls gksrk gS] ysfdu ;g nwf"kr lrgksa ds laidZ ds ekè;e ls Hkh gks ldrk gSA l'kDr ok;jy d.k LVsuysl LVhy vkSj IykfLVd rFkk vU; vpsru oLrq.kvksa ij muds bLrseky fd, tkus ls 72 ?kaVksa rd jg ldrs gSa (Mksjsesu vkSj vU;] 2020)A can LFkkuksa esa ,;jkslksy dh vfèkd l?kurk ds nh?kZ laidZ esa vkus ds ekeys esa ,jkslksy ls Hkh laØe.k laHko gSA lklZ&dksjksuk ok;jl&2 ds iQhdy&vksjy lapj.k (eq[k ekxZ ls ey&lanw"k.k) dh laHkkouk ls Hkh badkj ugha fd;k tk ldrk] gkykafd bl ckjs esa vfèkd lk{; visf{kr gSaA lklZ&lhvksoh&2 ds fy, Å"ek;u (baD;wcs'ku) vofèk vyx&vyx gks ldrh gS] ysfdu vkerkSj ij 3 ls 7 fnuksa ds Hkhrj bldh iqf"V gksrh gS] ftlesa vkSlr le; 5-1 fnu (95 izfr'kr Hkjkslk varjky dkafiQMsal baVjoy% 4-5&5-8 fnu) gksrk gSA ftu yksxksa esa y{k.k fodflr gksrs gSa muesa ls 97-5 izfr'kr ds ekeys esa laØe.k dk irk 11-5 fnuksa (95 izfr'kr lhvkbZ% 8-2&15-6 fnu) ds Hkhrj pyrk gS (ykmj vkSj vU;] 2020)A fdlh ,slh vkcknh esa tgka lHkh yksxksa ds laØfer gksus dh vk'kadk gks] ogka ewy çtuu la[;k (vkjvks)] ;k ,d O;fDr }kjk lhèks laØfer fd, tkus okys O;fDr;ksa dh la[;k% 2-13 ls 4-82 fjiksVZ dh xbZ gS] tks tks lklZ dksjksuk ok;jl ds leku gS (twfu;u vkSj vU;] 2020)A vkadM+ksa ls irk pyrk gS fd laØferksa dh la[;k çR;sd lkr fnu ckn nksxquh gksrh gS (Rlkax vkSj vU;] 2020)A egkekjh foKku 19 ebZ 2020 rd] de ls de 215 ns'kksa@{ks=kksa esa dksfoM&19 ls laØfer O;fDr;ksa dh dqy la[;k 47]31]458 Fkh vkSj bl egkekjh ls 3]16]169 yksxksa dh e`R;q gks pqdh Fkh (fo'o LokLF; laxBu] 2020)A dqy laØfer O;fDr;ksa esa vuqekfur e`R;q nj 0-5 izfr'kr ls 5-7 izfr'kr rd ns[kh xbZ (;kax vkSj vU;] 2020)A cPpksa dh vkcknh bl chekjh ls lcls de çHkkfor gksrh gS] tcfd e`R;q dh mPpre nj cqtqxks± vkSj #X.k O;fDr;ksa esa gksrh gSA dqN fjiksVks± esa ok;jl ds fdlh tho lewg ds Hkhrj fodflr gksus ('ksu vkSj vU;] 2020) dh ckr dgh xbZ gS] tks lklZ&lhvksoh&2 ds rsth ls iQSyus vkSj cnyrs egkekjh foKku dh O;k[;k dj ldrh gS] ysfdu bl ckjs esa vkSj lk{;ksas dh vko';drk gSA phu ds ,d vè;;u us] ftlesa 70]000 ls vfèkd dksfoM&19 jksfx;ksa dks 'kkfey fd;k x;k Fkk] bl ckr dh iqf"V dh gS fd vfèkdka'k ejhtksa dh mez 30&79 o"kZ (86-6 izfr'kr) (ow vkSj vU;] 2020_ psu vkSj vU;] 2020) ds chp FkhA e`R;q ds yxHkx 1]000 ekeyksa esa vfèkla[; 60 o"kZ ls vfèkd vk;q ds ejht Fks] ftuesa 80 o"kZ ls vfèkd vk;q oxZ esa e`R;q nj 20 çfr'kr ls vfèkd FkhA NksVs cPpksa (0&9 o"kZ) ds chp vis{kkÑr de ekeys lkeus vk, tcfd vfèkd iq#"k chekjh ls çHkkfor Fks] phu esa iq#"k efgyk vuqikr 1-06%1 FkkA 'kq#vkr esa] phu dks NksM+dj] vfèkd laØfer ns'k bVyh vkSj bLykeh x.kra=k bZjku FksA ijUrq] mlds ckn ls egkekjh dk ifjn`'; dkiQh cny x;k gSA fo'o LokLF; laxBu (MCY;w,pvks) ds vkadM+ksa (19 ebZ 2020 rd) ds vuqlkj] lcls vfèkd ekeys la;qDr jkT; vejhdk (14]77]516)] :lh la?k (jf'k;u isQMjs'ku) (2]99]941)] fczVsu (2]46]410)] czkthy (2]41]080)] Lisu (2]31]606) vkSj bVyh (2]25]886) esa gSaA vkt dksfoM&19 ls çHkkfor 34-4 çfr'kr ns'k (74@215) laØe.k ds LFkkuh; lapj.k dk lkeuk dj jgs gSa (MCY;w,pvks 2020)A uSnkfud y{k.k vkSj jksx dk iQSyko fdlh O;fDr ds dksfoM&19 ls laØfer gksus ds y{k.k vkSj ladsr çdV gksus esa 2 ls 14 fnu yx ldrs gSaA bl egkekjh ds y{k.kksa esa lkekU; :i ls cq[kkj] lw[kh [kkalh] Fkdku] 'kjhj esa lkekU; nnZ] feryh] mYVh] nLr vkSj lkal dh rdyhiQ 30 ;kstuk] twu 2020

'kkfey gSA vfèkdka'k laØfer O;fDr y{k.k foghu gks ldrs gSa tcfd dqN esa rhoz 'olu ladV flaMªkse fn[kk;h ns ldrs gSaA chekjh dh xaHkhjrk c<+rh mez vkSj eèkqesg] mPp jDrpki vkSj iqjkuh iQsiQM+ksa dh chekjh tSlh vU; fpfdRlk fLFkfr;ksa ds lkFk tqM+h gqbZ gSA ,d ckj tc lklZ dksjksuk ok;jl&2 'olu iFk esa ços'k djrk gS] rks blls ,aft;ksVsa'ku ifjofrZr ,atkbe 2 (,lhbZ&2) dk laØe.k gksrk gS tks ,Yoksyj Vkbi&2 dksf'kdkvksa vkSj laHkor% iQsiQM+ksa esa vU; vKkr dksf'kdkvksa dks laØfer djrk gS (çksEisVpkjk vkSj vU;] 2020)A ok;jl ls laØfer dksf'kdk,a estcku }kjk mRikfnr baVjiQsjkWu (vkbZ,siQ,u&1) ls cp fudyrh gSa] ftlls iQsiQM+ksa esa ok;jl dh o`f¼ gks ldrh gSA dksfoM&19 ds tBjkaf=k; y{k.k estcku ds iQsiQM+ksa }kjk laØe.k ds çfrj{kkRed&jksxtud dkjZokbZ djus ls igys gh vkar dks lhèks ok;jy {kfr igqapk ldrs gSaA bl laØe.k ls U;wVªksfiQy] eSØksiQst vkSj eksukslkbV~l dksf'kdk,a mRiUu gksrh gSa] tks lwtu vkSj tyu iSnk djus okys lkbVksfdUl esa c<+ksÙkjh djrh gSaA ^lkbVksfdu LVªkse* iQsiQM+ksa esa lwtu iSnk djrk gSA bl laØe.k ls var esa e`R;q fofHkUu vaxksa ds ukdke gksus ds dkj.k gksrh gS] tks eq[; :i ls cqtqxks± dh vfèkd gksrh gSA ç;ksx'kkyk jksx funku jksx ds 'kh?kz funku ds fy,] lklZ&lhvksoh&2 ok;jy vkj,u, dk irk yxkus dh fliQkfj'k dh tkrh gSA vusd ,slh tkap&fdV gSa tks okLrfod le; ihlhvkj ;wjksisu (lhbZ) çek.ki=k çkIr gksuk pkfg,A vU; tkap&fdV mu çfrf"Br ljdkjh ç;ksx'kkykvksa }kjk lR;kfir gksuh pkfg,] ftUgsa ijh{k.k ds fy, çekf.kr fd;k x;k gSA ok;jy vkj,u, ijh{k.k ds fy,] ukd] xyk] uklksiQsjhaty ;k vkWjksisQjhaty Lokc dh vko';drk gksrh gSA vkt lcls t:jh ;g gS fd ,slh laosnu'khy tkap&fdV rS;kj dh tk;sa tks de le; esa ifj.kke ns ldsa vkSj ykxr dh n`f"V ls vfèkd fdiQk;rh gksaA ok;jl dh ds çfr ,aVhckWMh ds vkbZth,e vkSj vkbZthth oxZ dk irk yxkus ds fy, vc dbZ bE;qukslst miyCèk gSaA os rsth ls ik'oZ çokg bE;wuksØkseSVksxzkiQh vkèkkfjr] ,atkbe bE;qukslk; vkèkkfjr ;k Lopkfyr dsekbfyuslsal bE;wukslsls gks ldrs gSaA vfèkdka'k tkap fdV vkbZth,e ,aVhckWMh dk irk laØe.k ds 10 osa fnu ds ckn vkSj vkbZthth ,aVhckWMh dk irk laØe.k ds 20 osa fnu ds ckn yxk ldrh gSa (of'k"B] 2020)A mudk mi;ksx eq[; :i ls lsjks&lfoZykal vkSj lsjks&,fiMsfe;ksykWth ds fy, fd;k tkrk gS vkSj rhoz ekeyksa esa ok;jy vkj,u, dk irk yxkus esa mudk dksbZ fodYi ugha gSA mipkj j.kuhfr;ka orZeku ifjfLFkfr;ksa dksfoM&19 ds fy, dksbZ mipkj miyCèk ugha gS] uSnkfud çcaèku esa lgk;rkiw. kZ ns[kHkky vkSj tfVyrkvksa dh jksdFkke dk vR;fèkd egRo gSA 'olu ladV dk lkeuk djus okys jksfx;ksa ds fy, osafVysVj dh lgk;rk çnku dh tkrh gSA laØe.k ls iQsiQM+s dh ,fMek ds [kjkc gksus dh vk'kadk dks ns[krs gq, vkWDlhtu fMyhojh ds lkFk datosZfVo ÝyqbM eSustesaV fd;k tkrk gSA ç.kkyhxr dkWfVZdksLVsjkWbM Fksjsih dh fliQkfj'k ugha dh tkrh gS] D;ksafd blls ok;jy fudklh esa nsjh gks ldrh gSA orZeku esa] bl ckr ds i;kZIr çek.k ugha gSa fd dksbZ Hkh ekStwnk ,aVhok;jy nok dksfoM&19 fueksfu;k dk dq'kyrk ls bykt dj ldrh gSA gkykafd] laHkkfor ,aVhok;jy Fksjsih ij dbZ uSnkfud ijh{k.k gks jgs gSaA nok mipkj dks muds y{; ds vkèkkj ij nks lklZ&lhvksoh&2 ok;jl dk O;kl yxHkx 50&200 ,u,e gS vkSj bldh lrg ij LikbDl (20 ,u,e rd dh yackbZ dh) ;kuh uksdnkj NM+sa gksrh gSa tks bls bysDVªkWu&ekbØksLdksi (fp=k 1) ds rgr eqdqV tSlh Nfo çnku djrh gSaA vU; dksjksuks&ok;jl dh rjg] ;g ok;jl Hkh ijkcSaxuh fdj.kksa vkSj Å"ek ds çfr laosnu'khy gSA blds vykok] bl ok;jl dks fyfiM lkWYoSaV~l tSls bZFkj] bFksukWy] Dyksjhu ;qDr dhVk.kquk'kd vkSj DyksjksiQkWeZ ds tfj, dkjxj :i ls fuf"Ø; fd;k tk ldrk gSA çfrj{kk çfrfØ;k dk mi;ksx djrs gq, ok;jy vkj,u, dk irk yxkrs gSaA vfèkdka'k tkap&fdV vkoj.k (bZ) thu dk irk yxkrs gSaA ;fn ;g ldkjkRed gS] rks vU; ok;jy thuksa tSls vkj,u, vkèkkfjr vkj,u, iksyhejst (vkjMhvkjih) thu] vksvkj,siQ 1 thu vkSj U;wfDy;ksdSfIlM (,u) {ks=k dk irk yxkus ds fy, iqf"Vdj.k ijh{k.k fd;k tkrk gSA orZeku esa bu okLrfod le; ihlhvkj tkap&fdVksa ds dbZ fofuekZrk gSaA ijUrq] ;s tkap&fdV vesfjdh [kk| vkSj vkS"kfèk ç'kklu vkikrdkyhu mi;ksx çkfèkdj.k (,siQMh,&bZ;w,) tSlh fu;ked ,tsafl;ksa }kjk çekf.kr gksuh pkfg, ;k mUgsa duiQkWesZV esa] tgka 31 ;kstuk] twu 2020

Hkh 'kq: fd, x, gSa (rw vkSj vU;] 2020)A dbZ U;wfDyd ,flM&vkèkkfjr oSDlhu ?kVdksa dk çLrko fd;k x;k gSA ijh{k.k ds rgr çLrkfor Vhdksa esa ,d fyfiM uSuksikfVZdy&,udSIlqysVsM oSDlhu 'kkfey gS ftlesa ok;jl] Mh,u, oSDlhu ?kVdksa dh vko';drk ugha gksrh gSA vU; çLrkjfor Vhdksa esa xSj&çfrÑfrd ,fMuksok;jl osDVj vkSj lklZ&lhvksoh&2 ds ,l çksVhu ds vkuqoaf'kd vuqØe ls cuk Vhdk] ,d fLFkj lc;wfuV oSDlhu] lhvksoh ,l çksVhu ls çkIr ,aVhtu dk mi;ksx djrs gq, cuk;k x;k uSuksd.k&vkèkkfjr oSDlhu] vkSj dksf'kdk,a çLrfqr djus okyk vkuqoaf'kd :i ls la'kksfèkr Ñf=ke ,aVhtu (,,sihlht)& tks ysafVok;jl osDVj }kjk forfjr ok;jy lajpukRed çksVhu ds lajf{kr Mksesu dks O;Dr djrk gS] 'kkfey gSaA ijUrq] bu Vhdksa dk fodkl orZeku esa dksfoM&19 ds çdksi dks jksdus ds fy, nh?kZdkfyd j.kuhfr dk fgLlk gSA fu"d"kZ ;g egRoiw.kZ gS fd lklZ&lhvksoh&2 ds lapj.k ra=k] Å"ek;u le;] uSnkfud çfØ;k vkSj bldh laØkedrk dh vofèk dks le>us ds fy, vkSj vè;;u ij cy fn;k tkuk pkfg,A Vªkalfe'ku dh njksa dks de djus ds fy, LFkkuh;] jk"Vªh; vkSj varjjk"Vªh; Lrj ij dbZ lkoZtfud mik; fd, tk jgs gSa] ftuesa lqjf{kr nwjh vkSj i`Fkdokl 'kkfey gSaA nqHkkZX; ls jksx ds fy, dksbZ çHkkoh mipkj ;k fpfdRldh; nok miyCèk ugha gS] dsoy lklZ&lhvksoh&2 egkekjh dk lkeuk djus ds fy, orZeku esa lgk;rkiw.kZ mipkj vkSj oSKkfud mik; miyCèk gSaA blesa dksbZ lansg ugha fd lklZ&lhvksoh&2 egkekjh us lkoZtfud LokLF; ç.kkyh dks fo'o Lrj ij ,d egRoiw.kZ pqukSrh nh gSA ;g Hkh ,d lcd gS fd Hkfo"; esa fdlh Hkh egkekjh ds fy, [kqn dks igys ls rS;kj djus ds fy, vfèkd O;ofLFkr n`f"Vdks.k dh vko';drk gksrh gSA varr% ;g ckr le>us dh gS fd pexknM+ksa ls vxj ekuo esa dksbZ laØe.k vk;k gS rks bldk dkj.k laHkor% mudh ikfjfLFkfrdh vkSj O;ogkj esa cnyko gSA lk{;ksa ls irk pyrk gS fd ifjoklksa] vkgkj vkSj xfr'khy O;ogkj esa ,evkj,u, djus ds baVªkosul bE;quksXykscqfyu] ,aVhckWMht dks fuf"Ø; djus ds fy,] eksuksDyksuy ,aVhckWMht] FkSfyMksekbM] esfFkyçsMfulksyksu vkfn ds çHkko dk ewY;kadu fd;k tk jgk gSA lklZ&lhvksoh&2 jksfx;ksa ds mipkj ds fy, IykTek Fksjsih vkSj LokLF; ds fy, ykHkdkjh lhjk Fksjsih Hkh ykxw dh tk jgh gS vkSj buds dqN mRlkgtud ifj.kke lkeus vk, gSaA dksfoM&19 chekjh ds fy, ,d vkd"kZd fpfdRlk fodYi gcZy Fksjsih Hkh gS D;ksafd uSnkfud lk{;ksa us lklZ&lhvksoh&2 ds mipkj esa ikjaifjd phuh nok (Vhlh,e) ds ykHkdkjh çHkko dks fn[kk;k gS (;kax2 vkSj vU; ] 2020)A lklZ&lhvksoh&2 dks yf{kr Vhdksa dk ijh{k.k djus ds fy, dbZ ç;ksx eq[; Jsf.k;ksa esa foHkkftr fd;k tk ldrk gSA dksjksuk ok;jl ij igyk dk;Z lhèks ;k rks thukse çfrÑfr ds fy, ftEesnkj egRoiw.kZ ok;jy ,atkbe dks jksddj ;k estcku dksf'kdkvksa esa ok;jy ços'k dks vo#¼ djds fd;k tkrk gSA jksx fujksèkdksa dk nwljk oxZ estcku çfrj{kk ç.kkyh ij dk;Z djrk gS ;k lwtu ,oa tyu çfØ;kvksa dks jksdrk gSA buesa ls vfèkdka'k nokvksa dks okLro esa dksfoM&19 mipkj esa ç;ksxksa ds fy, iqufuZfeZr fd;k tk jgk gSA (rw vkSj vU;] 2020)A dksfoM&19 ds fy, py jgs Mªx Fksjsih fodYiksa esa ls jseMsflohj] iQsfofijohj tSlh nokb;ka ,slh gSa] ftUgsa ,d u, ç;kstu ds fy, ç;ksx fd;k tk jgk gS] tks ok;jl çfrÑfr vojksèkd ds :i esa O;kid LisDVªe ,aVhok;jy xfrfofèk çnf'kZr djrh gSaA blds vykok yksfiuohj vkSj fjVksukohj tSlh ,pvkbZoh çksVht fujksèkd nokb;ka] ok;jl&lsy f>Yyh Ý;wtu fujksèkd jhdafcusaV áweu ,utkbe&2 (vkj,p,lhbZ2)] ços'k jksdus okyh nokb;ka tSls vkfcZMksy (;wfeiQsuksfoj)] ,aVh&ijthoh ,tsaV tSls vkbojesfDVu vkSj ,aVh&eysfj;y MªXl tSls gkbMªksDlhDyksjksfDou dk Hkh bLrseky mipkj esa fd;k tk jgk gSA baVjiQsjkWu dks ok;jl ls laØfer dksf'kdkvksa }kjk lzkfor fd;k tkrk gS vkSj iqu% la;kstd baVjiQsjkWu Fksjsih ;k rks vdsys ;k vU; nokvksa ds lkFk la;kstu esa mi;ksx dh tkrh gS] rkfd çfrj{k.k ç.kkyh dks lqn`<+ cuk;k tk ldsA lwtu ;k tyu dh vuqfØ;k dk çHkko de i'kq&ls&ekuo dks ok;jl dk çlkj çkjaHk esa blds lapj.k dk eq[; ra=k le>k x;k D;ksafd dksfoM&19 ds 'kq#vkrh jksfx;ksa dk lacaèk oqgku ds gqvkuku lhiwQM gksylsy ekdsZV ls lhèks tksM+k x;k FkkA ijUrq] ;g ns[krs gq, fd ckn ds ekeys bl laØe.k ra=k (,Dlikstj eSdsfuTe) ls tqM+s ugha Fks] vr% ;g fu"d"kZ fudkyk x;k fd ok;jl dk lapkj ekuo&ls&ekuo esa Hkh gks ldrk gSA ,aft;ksVsaflu&daofV±x 32 ;kstuk] twu 2020

fujarj cnyko vk jgk gSA gesa mu rjhdksa dh leh{kk djus dh vko';drk gS tks lalkèku ifjn`'; ('kgjh vkSj Ñf"k vkokl) dks cny jgs gSa] mu çfØ;kvksa dks çHkkfor djrs gSa tks ok;jl ds ØkWl&çtkfr lapj.k esa ifj.kr gksrh gSaA bl fn'kk esa] ouksa dk ßkl] oU; thou esa ekuo dk vfèkd n[ky] Hkkstu lacaèkh vknrsa] tula[;k ?kuRo] tyok;q ifjorZu vkSj bl rjg dh egkekjh ds mn~Hko esa c<+rs oS'ohdj.k vkfn ?kVdksa ij è;ku nsus dh vko';drk gSA fuxjkuh c<+kuk vkSj yksxksa ds fy, csgrj lkoZtfud LokLF; ns[kHkky lqfuf'pr djuk Hkh lgh fn'kk esa ,d dne gksxkA vkHkkj ge Hkkjrh; vk;qfoZKku vuqlaèkku ifj"kn (vkbZlh,evkj) }kjk foÙk iksf"kr vkbZlh,evkj&us'kuy ok;jksykWth] iq.ks dh la;qDr ifj;kstuk (vuqnku la- bZlhMh&1)] ^tSo lwpuk foKku lewg* esa ofj"B vuqlaèkku iQsyks lqJh HkkX;Jh dklkcs }kjk O;ofLFkr çLrqrhdj.k ds :i esa nh xbZ izkS|ksfxdh lgk;rk ds fy, vkHkkj O;Dr djrs gSaA ys[kd] MkW th,lth v;axj] ofj"B mi egkfuns'kd (ç'kklu)] vkbZlh,evkj] LokLF; vuqlaèkku foHkkx] LokLF; vkSj ifjokj dY;k.k ea=kky;] ubZ fnYyh ls çkIr tkudkjh ds fy, Hkh vkHkkj O;Dr djrs gSaA n fp=k 1 lkStU;% MkW- vruq clq] ofj"B oSKkfud vkSj mi funs'kd] vkbZlh,evkj&us'kuy baLVhV~;wV vkWiQ ok;jksykWth] iq.ks)A lanHkZ 1- ,aMjlu ds] jkecqr ,] fyifdu vkbZ] gksEl bZlh] xSjh vkjA n çksfDley vkWfjtu vkWiQ lklZ&lhvksoh&2 % uspj esfMluA 2020_ 26%450-452- 2- fljkuksLdh Mh- fMM iSaxksfyUl LizSM n pkbuk dksjksuk ok;jl Vw n ihiyA gSfMycxZ% fLizaxj uspj_ 2020 (16 iQjojh] 2020) fyad % https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586- 020-00364-2 3- pku ts,siQ] dksd ds,p] >w tsM] pw ,p] Vw dsds] ;qvku ,l] vkSj vU;A tsukfed dSjsDVjkbts'ku vkWiQ n 2019 uksosy áweu& iSFkkstsfud dksjksuk ok;jl vkblksysfVM izQkWe , is'kaV fon , fVfidy U;w&eksfu;k vkÝVj foftfVax oqgku% ,esft±x ekbØksCll baiQsD'ku 2020%9(1)%221-236- 4- dSLdsyk ,e] jtuhd ,e] D;wvkseks ,] Mqyscksu ,l lh] fM ukiksyh vkj MhA iQhplZ] boksY;w'ku ,aM VªhVesaV dksjksuk ok;jl (dksoM&19)A Vªstj vkbySaM (,siQ,y)% LVSV iYlZA 2020 tuojhA 5- psu] ,u] >ksm] ,e Mksax] ,Dl] D;w] ts] xksax] ,siQ] gku] okbZ] fdm] okbZ] okax] ts] fy;w] okbZ] osbZ] okbZ] vkSj vU;A ,fiMsfevksykWftdy ,aM fDyfudy dSjsDVfjfLVDl vkWiQ 99 dsflt vkWiQ 2019 uksoy dksjksuk U;weksfu;k bu oqgku] pkbuk % , fMfLØfIVo LVMhA Lancet 2020, 395, 507–513. 6- Mksjseysu ,uoh] cq'kesdj Vh] ekWfjl Mh,p] gksyCkzqd ,eth] xSacy , 3] fofy;elu ch,u] vkSj vU;A ,jkslksy ,aM ljiQsl LVSfcfyVh vkWiQ lklZ&lhvksoh&2 ,st dEisM;MZ fon lklZ&lhvksoh&1 (2020)A The new england journal of medicine : n engl j med 382;16 nejm.org April 16, 2020. https://www. nejm.org/doi/10.1056/NEJMc2004973. 7- gqvkax lh] okax okbZ] yh ,Dl] jsu ,y] >kvks ts] gw okbZ vkSj vU;A fDyfudy iQhplZ vkWiQ is'kaV~l baiQsfDVM fon 2019 uksosy dksjksuk ok;jl bu oqgku] pkbukA Lancet. 2020;395:497–506. 8- twfy;u vkj] vYVgkWl lh% iSVuZ vkWiQ vyhZ g~;weu&Vw&g~;weu oqgku] ;wjks losZby 2020, 25:2000058. 10.1101/2020.01.23.917351. doi: 10.2807/ 1560-7917.ES.2020. 25.4.2000058. 9- ykW;j ,l] xzkaV~t ds] ch D;w] vkSj vU; % n baD;wcs'ku ihfj;M vkWiQ dksjksuk ok;jl fMtht 2019 (dksfoM&19) izQkWe ifCydyh fjiksfVZV daiQeZ~M dsflt% ,fLVes'ku ,aM ,sfIyds'ku [Online ahead of print]. Ann Intern Med. 2020.DOI: 10.7326/M20-0504. 10- ekRlq;kek ,l] uxkVk ,u] f'kjrks ds] dkokls ,e] VsdsMk ,e] rxwph ,siQ% ,fiQfl,aV ,fDVos'kal vkWiQ n Loh;j ,sD;wV jsfLijsVjh flaMªkse dksjksuk ok;jl Likbd çksVhu ckb n VªkalesEczsuj çksVhtA TMPRSS2. J Virol. 2020, 84:12658-12664. 11- çksesisVªk bZ] dsVykW lh] ikyxk VhA bE;weu jsLikaflt bu dksfoM&19 ,aM iksVsaf'k;y oSDlhUl % ys'kal yUMZ izQkWe lklZ ,aM ,ebZvkj,l ,fiMsfed Asian Pac J Allergy Immunol DOI 10.12932/AP-200220-0772. 12- çksesisVªk bZ] dsVykW lh] ikyxk VhA bE;weu jsLikaflt bu dksfoM&19 ,aM iksVsaf'k;y oSDlhUl % ys'kal yUMZ izQkWe lklZ ,aM ,ebZvkj,l ,fiMsfeDlA Asian Pac J Allergy Immunol DOI 10.12932/AP- 200220-0772. 13- iyZeSu ,l] usVySaM ts- dksjksuk ok;jflt+ iksLV&lklZ% viMsV vkWu jsfIyds'ku ,aM iSFkkstsusfllA Nat. Rev. Microbiol. 2009 Jun;7(6):439-50. 14- 'ksu tsM] ftvks okbZ] dkax ,y] ek MCY;w] f'k ,y] >kax ,y] vkSj vU;A thuksfed MkboflZVh vkWiQ lklZ&lhvksoh&2 bu dksjksuk ok;jl fMthftt 2019 is'kUV~lA fDyfudy baiQsD'kl fMtht] lhvkbZ,, 203] https://doi. org/10.1093/cid/ciaa203. 15- Rlkax Vhds] ow ih] fyu okbZ] ykm bZ,pokbZ] ysmax th,e] dkmfyax chtsA biQsDV vkWiQ n psaftax dsl MsfiQfu'kUl iQkWj dksfoM&19 vkWu n ,fiMsfed doZ ,aM Vªkalfe'ku iSjkehVlZ bu esuySaM pkbuk% , ekWMfyax LVMhA ySalsV ifCyd gsYFk 2020. https://doi.org/10.1016/ S2468-2667 (20) 30089. 16- rw okbZ&,siQ] lh,u lh&,l] ;kfeZf'ku , , fyu okbZ&okbZ] yqvks okbZ&,p] fyu okbZ&Vh_ vkSj vU;A , fjO;w vkWiQ lklZ&lhvksoh&2 ,aM vkWuxksbax fDyfudy Vªk;YlA 17- of'k"B ,l-ds- bu&foVªks Mk;XuksfLVd vlst iQkWj dksfoM&19- jhlsUVx vMokaflt ,aM ,eft±x VªsUM~l] Mk;XuksfLVDl 2020, 10(4), 202; https:// doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics10040202 18- fo'o LokLF; laxBu] dksjksuk ok;jl fMtht (dksfoM&2019) flpqos'ku lejhA MCY;w ,p vks 2020- fyad% https://www. who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel- coronavirus-2019/situation-reports, ebZ] 2020 dks ,Dlsl fd;k x;kA 19- ozSi Mh] okax ,u] dkWcsZV ds,l] xksYMfLeFk ts,] gsflg lh&,y] vfc;ksuk vks] xzkge ch,l] eSdysyu ts,lA 2019&,u dksjksuk ok;jl Likbd bu n çhÝ;wtu dkUiQksesZ'kuA lkbal 2020] bZ,chch 2507- 20- ow tSM] eSdxwxu ts,e] dSjSDVjkbt+s'ku vkWiQ ,aM bEiksVs±V ys'kUl izQkWe dksjksuk ok;jl fMtht&2019 vkmVczsd bu pkbukA phu ds jksx fu;a=k.k vkSj jksdFkke dsUnz ls 72314 ekeyksa dh fjiksVZ dk lkjka'kA ts,,e,- 2020;323(13):1239-1242. jama.2020.2648. 21- ftvks ds] >kbZ ts] iQsax okbZ] >ksm ,u] >kax ,Dl] tksm ts ts] vkSj vU;_ vkblksys'ku vkWiQ dSjSDVjkbt+s'ku lhvksoh ykbd dksjksuk ok;jl izQkWe eyk;u iSaxksfyUl ck;ksvkj,Dl izhfizUV doi.https:// doi.org/10.1101/2020.02.17.951335, laLdj.k iQjojh 20] 2020 esa iksLV fd;k x;kA 22- ;kax ,l] dkvks ih] nw ih] ow tSM] t+qokax tSM] ;kax ,y] vkSj vU;_ vjyh ,fLVe'kuu vkWiQ n dsl iQSVSfyVh jsV vkWiQ dksfoM&19 bu esu ySaM pkbuk% , MsVk&Mªkbou ,sukfyfllA Ann Transl Med 2020;8:128. 23- ;kax okbZ] bLyke ,eMh ,l] okax ts] yh okbZ vkSj psu ,Dl] VªsfM'kuy pkbuht esfMlu bu n fVªVesaV vkWiQ is'kaV~l baiQsfDVM fon 2019&U;w dksjksuk ok;jl (lklZ&lhvksoh&2)%, fjO;w ,aM ilZisfDVoA baV- ts- ck;ks- lkbalA 2020] okWY;we 16_ 1708&1716- baLVhV~;wV vkWiQ ohvkbZvkj@32@2019@ 20 Vªkalfe'ku vkWiQ doi:10.1001/ vkWiQ 2019&,u ;g 33 ;kstuk] twu 2020

Lkkekftd laokn izoklh vkSj vkfFkZd fodkl lqfprk Ñ".kizlkn yk[kksa Jfedksa dks clkuk ,d vlkèkkj.k dk;Z gS vkSj blds fy, fofHkUu fgr lewgksa ls çHkkoh lg;ksx dh vko';drk gSA ,slh [kcjsa gSa fd ykWdMkmu us i;kZoj.k dks uqdlku ls mcjus esa enn dh gS] vkSj çnw"k.k ds Lrj esa dkiQh fxjkoV vkbZ gSA ;g ns[krs gq, fd Hkwfe vkSj mlds yksx lrr fodkl ds vfoHkkT; ?kVd gSa] ;g egkekjh lkekftd laokn dks iquthZfor djus dk ,d vPNk volj çnku dj ldrh gSA dks etnwjh ugha dgk tk ldrk gS] ftldk vFkZ gS fd bu Jfedksa dks dke ugha gksus ij dekbZ ds fcuk jguk gksxkA buds vykok] lw{e] y?kq] eè;e ;k NksVs m|eksa dh gkyr ,slh ugha gS fd os mRiknu ds fcuk etnwjh nsuk tkjh j[k ldsaaaaaA dsoy ?kjsyw dkexkjksa dks ykWdMkmu ds nkSjku viuk osru feyrk jgk D;ksafd mudk dk;Z vis{kkÑr vifjgk;Z gksus ds dkj.k mlesa O;fDrxr lacaèkksa dk ?kVd 'kkfey gksrk gSA1 ykWdMkmu 1-0 ds var rd] ok;jl us 'kgjh >qfXx;ksa esa viuh mifLFkfr cuk yh Fkh] tgka blds vkcknh ds O;kid ?kuRo] lkekU; 'kkSpky; ds mi;ksx vkfn ds dkj.k blds rsth ls iQSyus dh vk'kadk FkhA gtkjksa yksx vius x`g jkT; okil tkus yxsA ckn jksuk ok;jl ds çlkj dks jksdus dh dksf'k'k esa 24 ekpZ] 2020 dks tc bldk vuqikyu lqfuf'pr djus ds fy, ç'kklfud e'khujh i;kZIr ugha gS] nwljs Lo&fu;ksftr Jfedksa }kjk vftZr vk; dks dh ljdkjksa us çokfl;ksa dh lqjf{kr okilh ds fy, O;oLFkk dhA pqukSrh vkSj volj izokl ds gSfjl&VksMkjks ekWMy (1970) ls irk pyrk gS fd tc 'kgjh&vkS|ksfxd {ks=k esa visf{kr etnwjh nj xzkeh.k {ks=k esa etnwjksa dh orZeku etnwjh ls dkiQh vfèkd gks rks dSls xzkeh.k@ Ñf"k Jfed] 'kgjh @ vkS|ksfxd LFkkuksa ij çokl djus dk fu.kZ; ysrs gSaA visf{kr osru] orZeku 'kgjh osru nj dk vuqikr gS vkSj ukSdjh [kkstus dk ekSdk gSA LokHkkfod :i ls] ;fn ukSdjh ds volj de gSa] rks visf{kr osru de gS] vkSj çokl djus dk fu.kZ; Vky fn;k tkrk gSA bl iQSlys dks cnyus esa 'kgjh {ks=k esa fdlh ifjtu ;k leqnk; ds fdlh lnL; dh mifLFkfr Hkh egRoiw.kZ Hkwfedk fuHkkrh gSA bl rjg dk leFkZu çoklu vkRefuHkZj Hkkjr vfHk;ku nks eghus rd izokfl;ksa dks fu%'kqYd vukt dh vkiwfrZ% y fofHkUu jkT;ksa esa izokfl;ksa dks [kk|kUu lgk;rk dh vko';drk gSA y tks izoklh u rks ,uih,l, ;k jkT; esa jkT; dkMZ ykHkkFkhZ gSa mUgsa nks eghus rd izfr ifjokj ekfld 5 fd-xzk- vukt vkSj 1 fd-xzk- puk fn;k tk,xkA y yxHkx 8 djksM+ izokfl;ksa dks ykHk igqapus dh vk'kk gSA y nks eghus ds fy, 3500 djksM+ #i;s [kpZ fd, tk,axsA y iwjk [kpZ Hkkjr ljdkj ogu djsxhA y jkT; ljdkjsa dh ftEesnkjh gksxh fd bls ykxw djsa] izokfl;ksa dh igpku djsa vkSj forj.k djsa rFkk O;kid fn'kkfunsZ'k cuk,aA ns'kO;kih ykWdMkmu dh ?kks"k.kk dh xbZ Fkh] ^rc ?kj ij jgsa] lqjf{kr jgasa* ,d ea=k cu x;k FkkA tc çfrcaèkksa ds ckotwn laØfer ekeyksa dh la[;k esa o`f¼ dk ladsr fey jgk Fkk rc 14 vçSy] 2020 ls ykWdMkmu 2-0 dh ?kks"k.kk dh xbZA bl ckj laØe.k ds çlkj vkSj rhozrk ds vkèkkj ij fofHkUu {ks=kksa esa çfrcaèkksa dk izdkj fHkUu FkkA gkykafd] bl le; rd ns'k dh dqy vkcknh ds yxHkx nlosa fgLls ds fy, ?kj esa jgus vkSj lqjf{kr jgus dh {kerk [kRe gks xbZ Fkh D;ksafd os ftl izdkj jg jgs Fks mlls mUgsa u rks ?kj ij jguk dg ldrs Fks vkSj u gh vius vkokl ds vanj lqjf{kr dg ldrs Fks] D;ksafd ogka lqjf{kr nwjh vkSj LoPNrk ds ekunaM ugha FksA ;s os çoklh dkexkj Fks tks gj {ks=k vkSj oxZ dks lgk;rk lsok,a çnku djrs gSaA mudh tek iwath [kRe gks xbZ Fkh D;ksafd os fcuk dke èkaèks ds jg jgs FksA gkykafd ljdkj us jk"Vªh; vkink ?kksf"kr djds] jk"Vªh; vkink çcaèku vfèkfu;e ds rgr fu;ksDrkvksa ds fy, etnwjh dk Hkqxrku djuk vfuok;Z dj fn;k Fkk] ysfdu blds dk;kZUo;u dk vkadyu djuk eqf'dy gSA ,slk blfy, gS D;ksafd] lcls igys rks lewps ns'k esa ysf[kdk ,lksfl,V çksiQslj vkSj ,yfiQaLVu dkWyst] eqacbZ ds vFkZ'kkL=k foHkkx dh iwoZ çeq[k gSaA bZesy% drsuchk@gmail.com 34 ;kstuk] twu 2020

dks çsfjr djrk gS] tks fd ,d rdZlaxr O;fDrxr fodYi gS] tks fdlh u, çoklh dks de ls de çkjafHkd vkèkkj çnku djrk gSA gj çoklh vkSipkfjd {ks=k esa lqjf{kr ukSdjh dk liuk ns[krk gS] ysfdu izoklh dkexkjksa dh la[;k vfèkd gksus ds dkj.k mUgsa vlaxfBr ;k vukSipkfjd {ks=k esa dke djus ds fy, etcwj gksuk iM+rk gSA okLro esa ;gka rd fd muds estcku vukSipkfjd {ks=k ls viuh vkthfodk dekrs gSaA [kjkc iQly] ifjokj dh Hkwfe dk mi&foHkktu vkSj jkstxkj ds voljksa ds ?kVus ls vfèkd ls vfèkd yksx cM+s 'kgjksa dh vksj iyk;u djrs gSa] mudh la[;k c<+rh tkrh gS] vkSj 'kgjh vukSipkfjd {ks=k esa dk;Z cy ds vkdkj dk irk yxkuk yxHkx vlaHko gSA egkekjh ds dkj.k tSls&tSls Jfed okil ykSVus yxs] Je cktkj dk ,d MsVk csl rS;kj djus dk volj feyk] tks bl {ks=k dh jkstxkj {kerk vkSj ldy ?kjsyw mRikn esa ;ksxnku dks ns[krs gq, egRoiw.kZ gSA ;g volj mu dsanzksa ij miyCèk Fkk] tgka mUgsa viuk iathdj.k djkuk Fkk] vkSj vius x`g jkT;ksa esa okil tkus ds fy, ,d fpfdRlk çek.k i=k çkIr djuk FkkA bl fo'kky dk;Zcy dk ekufp=k.k djuk laHko gks ldrk Fkk ;fn] iathdj.k dkexkjksa dh la[;k dk MsVk gksuk] [kkldj nksuksa jkT;ksa& ftls mUgksaus NksM+ fn;k gS vkSj tgka os okil ykSV vk, gSa] ds fy, mi;ksxh gks ldrk gS] vxj bl vkcknh dk ,d cM+k fgLlk okil vkus dh bPNk ugha j[krkA nwljs 'kCnksa esa] ,d ckj ykWdMkmu gVk fn, tkus ds ckn] dqN jkT;ksa esa Jecy vfrfjDr gksus dh laHkkouk gS tcfd vU; esa ;g lkis{k :Ik ls de gks ldrk gSA ç'kklu vfèk'ks"k jkT;ksa esa jkstxkj l`tu dk;ZØeksa dh vko';drk dh ,d csgrj rLohj çkIr dj ldrk gS] blds vykok] vuqHkoh vkSj dq'ky Jfedksa dh la[;k dks tkuus dk ykHk vc x`g jkT; ds fy, miyCèk gS] c'krsZ fd volj gksaA okLro esa bu dkexkjksa dks dkS'ky&okj oxhZÑr djds] mUgsa lgdkfjrk lfefr;ks ds ekè;e ls ,d lkFk ykuk laHko gks ldrk gSA yacs le; ls [kjkc vkS|ksfxd fodkl dk lkeuk djus okys os jkT; tgka ls cM+h la[;k esa izoklh ckgj tk pqds Fks os vc çokfl;ksa dh okilh dks ,d iqufuZfeZr ekuo iwath ds :i esa ns[k ldrs gSaA okil ykSVs çokfl;ksa ds dkS'ky vkSj vuqHko dk mi;ksx djrs gq, lgdkfjrk ds vkèkkj ij u, lw{e] y?kq vkSj eè;e m|eksa ;k bdkb;ksa ds ç'kklu vfèk'ks"k jkT;ksa esa jkstxkj l`tu dk;ZØeksa dh vko';drk dh ,d csgrj rLohj çkIr dj ldrk gS] blds vykok] vuqHkoh vkSj dq'ky Jfedksa dh la[;k dks tkuus dk ykHk vc x`g jkT; ds fy, miyCèk gS] c'krsZ fd volj gksaA iQkWeZ esa tulkaf[;dh; tkudkjh] dkS'ky dk Lrj] jkstxkj dk çdkj] vftZr dh xbZ vk;] vkSj lkekU; fLFkfr cgky gksus ij Jfed dk dke ds ckn okil ykSVus dk bjknk gS ;k ugha tSlh tkudkjh 'kkfey gks ldrh gSA ;g tkudkjh Je cktkj lwpuk ç.kkyh ds xBu ds fy, egRoiw.kZ gS] ftls Je vk;qDr ds dk;kZy; esa lwpuk ds ladyu }kjk gkfly fd;k tk ldrk gSA vi;kZIr tkudkjh] çoklh Jfedksa2 dh lkekftd lqj{kk ds fy, vkoafVr èku ds mfpr mi;ksx esa ,d cM+h ckèkk gks ldrh gS] vkSj ,d etcwr MsVk csl dh vko';drk dks vfr mRlkgh dne ugha dgk tk ldrk gSA3 Je cktkj dh tkudkjh dk C;kSjk okil x, dq'ky vkSj vdq'ky 35 ;kstuk] twu 2020

;g ns[krs gq, fd Hkwfe vkSj mlds yksx lrr fodkl ds vfoHkkT; ?kVd gSa] ;g egkekjh lkekftd laokn dks iquthZfor djus dk ,d vPNk volj çnku dj ldrh gSA lkekftd laokn ls ykHkkfUor gksus ds fy, dbZ rjhdksa dh dYiuk dh tk ldrh gSA lcls igys] ,d ckj pj.kc¼ :Ik ls okilh dh ;kstuk cuk ysus ds ckn] xSj&ljdkjh laxBuksa dks fpfdRlk dfeZ;ksa ds lg;ksx ls çokfl;ksa dh lqjf{kr okilh lqfuf'pr djus esa Hkkx ysus ds fy, çksRlkfgr fd;k tk ldrk gSA izokfl;ksa ds vius x`g jkT;ksa esa igqapus ij dbZ jkT;ksa us mUgsa laxjksèku esa j[kkA ;g ,d vU; fLFkfr gS tgka LFkkuh; Lo'kklu vkSj xSj ljdkjh laxBuksa ds chp lg;ksx iQk;nsean gks ldrk gSA ftu jkT;ksa esa vfèkd la[;k esa izoklh ykSVsaxs ogka etnwjh ds de gksus ds ncko DyLVj ds fuekZ.k dh laHkkouk cuh gSA ;g dsoy blfy, gS D;ksafd tks çoklh okil ykSV vk, gSa] os ,d&nwljs ds lkFk feydj dke dj ldrs gSaA varjjk"Vªh; Je laxBu ds lkji=k (2013) esa Li"V :i ls crk;k x;k gS fd lgdkjh lfefr;ka çoklh Jfedksa dks csgrj thou ds fy, dSls fodYi çnku djrh gSaA4 pj.kc¼ rjhds ls çoklh Jfedksa dh okilh bl dkjZokbZ ds fo'kky vkdkj dks ns[krs gq,] pj.kc¼ dqN rjhds ennxkj gks ldrs FksA mnkgj.k ds fy,] bls ,sls cM+s egkuxjksa ls 'kq: fd;k tk ldrk gS ftuesa cM+h la[;k esa yksx dksfoM&19 ds jsM tksu esa iQals gq, gSaA dbZ jkT;ksa us efyu cfLr;ksa5 esa ok;jl ds ckjs esa tkx:drk iQSykus vkSj y{k.kksa ds vkèkkj ij laØfer gksus dh laHkkouk okys yksxksa dh igpku djus ds fy, vk'kk dk;ZdrkZvksa dks çf'kf{kr vkSj izokfl;ksa dk dkS'ky ekufp=k.k mÙkj çns'k ljdkj us ykWdMkmu ds nkSjku jkT; esa okil ykSVus okys vius çoklh Jfedksa dk igyk dkS'ky uD'kk tkjh fd;k gSA ljdkj us dgk gS fd og mUgsa vius dkS'ky vkSj vuqHko ds vuq:Ik jkT; esa jkstxkj çnku djsxh vkSj blds fy, ,d çoklh vk;ksx dk xBu djsxhA ljdkj us dgk fd vc rd djhc 23&24 yk[k çoklh dkexkj mÙkj çns'k esa ykSVs gSaA bu çoklh Jfedksa esa lcls vfèkd fuekZ.k {ks=k ls lacafèkr gS] 1-52 yk[k ls vfèkd vpy laifÙk ;k fuekZ.k ,tsafl;ksa esa dke esa yxs gq, gSaA bl lwph esa cM+h la[;k esa isaVj] c<+bZ] Mªkboj (9]052)] bysfDVªf'k;u vkSj bysDVªkWfuDl ls tqM+s O;fDr 'kkfey gSaA buesa lqj{kk xkMZ] iQuhZpj vkSj fiQfVax dehZ vkSj vkWVks&ejEer ;kaf=kdh ls tqM+s yksx Hkh gSaA rSukr fd;k gSA bl tkudkjh dk mi;ksx fcuk laØe.k okys {ks=kksa dks] izokfl;kssa dh lqjf{kr okilh ds fy, rS;kj jgus ds fy, fd;k tk ldrk FkkA vxyk dne ifjogu ds ,d mi;qDr lkèku dh O;oLFkk djus ds fy,] jkT; ds vanj ls vkSj ckgj ls vkus okys çokfl;ksa ds oxhZdj.k ls gks ldrk gSA nks&Lrjh; egkuxjksa ds fy, blh izdkj dh çfØ;k dk ikyu fd;k tk ldrk gSA bl izdkj ds pj.kc¼ rjhds ls fpark vkSj etnwjkssa dh voSèk rFkk vlqjf{kr vkoktkgh de gksxh vkSj ljdkj dh dkjZokbZ dh fo'oluh;rk c<+sxhA lkekftd laokn dk volj yk[kksa Jfedksa dks clkuk ,d vHkwriwoZ dk;Z gS vkSj blds fy, fofHkUu fgr lewgksa ls çHkkoh lg;ksx dh vko';drk gSA ,slh [kcjsa gSa fd ykWdMkmu us i;kZoj.k dks uqdlku ls mcjus esa enn dh gS] vkSj çnw"k.k ds Lrj esa dkiQh fxjkoV vkbZ gSA lgdkfjrk lfefr;ksa ds ekè;e ls çokfl;ksa ds dkS'ky dk mi;ksx djds ykHkdkjh jkstxkj ds volj iSnk djus ls] u dsoy çèkkuea=kh ds vkRefuHkZj Hkkjr ds vkg~oku dk ikyu fd;k tk ldsxk cfYd ;g fodkl dh çfØ;k ds fodsaæhdj.k dh lqfoèkk Hkh çnku dj ldrk gSA dk lkeuk djuk iM+ ldrk gSA ,d çHkkoh lkekftd laokn ;g lqfuf'pr dj ldrk gS fd blesa ifj'kksèku gks vkSj dke dh [kjkc ifjfLFkfr;ksa okys dkj[kkuksa dks de ls de fd;k tk,A blh rjg ds lg;ksx ls egRoiw.kZ ykHk fey ldrk gS] ;fn okil ykSVs çokfl;ksa dh cnkSyr ubZ vkfFkZd xfrfofèk;ksa dh 'kq#vkr dh tk ldsA daiuh lkekftd mRrjnkf;Ro fufèk dk mi;ksx djus dh vuqefr m|e'khyrk ds nh?kZdkfyd fodkl dks c<+kok nsus esa cM+h lgk;d gks ldrh gS (la?kh] lsUk'kekZ 2014)A volj gekjs gkFk esa orZeku esa] ,slk çrhr gksrk gS fd geus Åij mfYyf[kr dqN voljksa dk ykHk 36 ;kstuk] twu 2020

vkRefuHkZj Hkkjr vfHk;ku dh fLFkfr esa laØfer O;fDr;ksa dh la[;k esa dkiQh o`f¼ dh laHkkouk cgqr okLrfod gSA ykWdMkmu ds dqy ykHk dks vf/dre fd;k x;kA dqy ykHk ds :i ykWdMkmu dh vuqifLFkfr esa tc ejhtksa dh la[;k esa c<+ksÙkjh gksxh rks fpfdRldh; lgk;rk o midj.kksa ds cy ij vf/d ftanxh dks cpk;k tk ldsxkA vkfFkZd fodkl] vkthfodk vkSj mRiknu de gksus dh HkjikbZ i;kZoj.k dh lqj{kk ds dkjd ds :i esa ns[k ldrs gSaA ;g laHkkouk cgqr vf/d gS fd ykWdMkmu dh vuqifLFkfr esa laØfer ejhtksa dh la[;k esa rsth ls c<+ksÙkjh gksxh] izokfl;ksa] fdlkuksa] NksVs O;kikfj;ksa vkSj jsgM+h& iVjh okyksa lfgr xjhcksa dh lgk;rk ds fy, y?kq vkSj nh?kkZofèk mik;% y izokfl;ksa dks nks eghus rd fu%'kqYd vukt dh vkiwfrZA y ekpZ 2021 rd Hkkjr esa fdlh Hkh jk'ku dh nqdku ls lkoZtfud forj.k iz.kkyh rd igqaPk ds fy, izokfl;ksa }kjk VsDuksykWth iz.kkyh dk bLrseky&,d ns'k ,d jk'ku dkMZA y izoklh dkexkjksa vkSj 'kgjh xjhcksa ds fy, lLrs fdjk, ij vkoklh; ifjljksa dh ;kstukA y f'k'kq eqnzk dtZnkjksa ds fy, 12 eghus ds fy, 2 izfr'kr C;kt ij foRrh; lgk;rk &1500 djksM+ #i;s dh jkgrA mBkus esa pwd dh gS] gkykafd dqN dk ykHk mBkus dh çrh{kk dh tk jgh gS] bl izdkj ,d cM+s volj gekjs gkFk esa gSaA mnkgj.k ds fy,] x`g jkT; ykSVus ds bPNqd Jfedksa ds iathdj.k izi=k esa U;wure fooj.k 'kkfey Fks] tSls fd uke] mez vkSj ;k=kk ds fcanqA fpfdRlk izek.k&i=k tkjh djus okys vLirkyksa dks MsVk ladyu dsanz ds :i esa bLrseky fd;k tk ldrk gSA D;k ;g 'kgjh Je cktkj esa lqèkkj dj mls ,slk cuk nsxk fd vkus okys le; esa jkstxkj dh csgrj 'krks± dks ykxw fd;k tk ldsxk vkSj dkedkth rFkk jgus dh ifjfLFkfr;ksa ds lkFk çoklu dh çfØ;k dks fiQj ls 'kq: fd;k tk ldsxk\ ,sfrgkfld :i ls] fu;ksDrkvksa us vko';drk iM+us ij Jfedksa dks vkdf"kZr djus ds fy, csgrj jkstxkj dh fLFkfr dh is'kd'k dh gS] eqacbZ esa izoklh etnwjksa dks çksRlkfgr djus ds fy, fey Jfedksa ds okLrs DokVZjksa dk fuekZ.k fd;k x;k gSA oSdfYid :i ls] fjdkWMks± izHkko gks ldrk gSA fu;ksDrk etnwjksa dh deh ds dkj.k etnwjh nj esa o`f¼ dh fLFkfr ls fuiVus ds fy, Je cpr çkS|ksfxdh dk fodYi pqu ldrs gSaA ;g] fuf'pr :i ls] dsoy rHkh laHko gS tc olwyh dk ladsr fn[kkbZ nsA vkfFkZd fodkl% eanh vkSj ykWdMkmu Hkkjrh; vFkZO;oLFkk dqN le; ls [kjkc fLFkfr ls xqtj jgh gSA foÙk o"kZ 20 dh igyh frekgh esa vFkZO;oLFkk dh ldy ?kjssyw mRikn dh fodkl nj 5 çfr'kr rd yq<+d xbZ] tks Ng o"kks± esa lcls de gSA foÙk o"kZ 2018&19 (;k foRr o"kZ 2019) ds fy, fjtoZ cSad dh okf"kZd fjiksVZ esa çR;sd o`gn&vkfFkZd ladsrd esa egRoiw.kZ fxjkoV fn[kkbZ xbZ gSA vesfjdk&phu O;kikj ;q¼ vFkZO;oLFkk dks çHkkfor djus okyk ,d egRoiw.kZ ckgjh dkjd gks ldrk gSA tSls gh ge ykWdMkmu 4-0 ls vkxs c<+rs gSa] ,d ppkZ gS fd lkewfgd jksx izfrjksèkd {kerk] ^lqjf{kr nwjh ls csgrj dke dj ldrh gSA ,slk blfy, gS D;ksafd ok;jksykWftLV gesa ,d lky ds Hkhrj ok;jl dh okilh dh psrkouh ns jgs gSaA blfy,] ykWdMkmu c<+kus ls cgqr vfèkd gkfly ugha gks ldrk gSA fdlh Hkh fLFkfr esa] fixkS ds vfèkdre lkekftd ykHk fl¼kar dk ikyu djrs gq, bls vkSj c<+kuk vkèkkjghu gksxkA gkykafd ykWdMkmu u gksus D;k ;g 'kgjh Je cktkj esa lqèkkj dj mls ,slk cuk nsxk fd vkus okys le; esa jkstxkj dh csgrj 'krks± dks ykxw fd;k tk ldsxk vkSj dkedkth rFkk jgus dh ifjfLFkfr;ksa ds lkFk çoklu dh çfØ;k dks fiQj ls 'kq: fd;k tk ldsxk\ ,sfrgkfld :i ls] fu;ksDrkvksa us vko';drk iM+us ij Jfedksa dks vkdf"kZr djus ds fy, csgrj jkstxkj dh fLFkfr dh is'kd'k dh gS] eqacbZ esa izoklh etnwjksa dks çksRlkfgr djus ds fy, fey Jfedksa ds okLrs DokVZjksa dk fuekZ.k fd;k x;k gSA fu;ksDrk etnwjksa dh deh ds dkj.k etnwjh nj esa o`f¼ dh fLFkfr ls fuiVus ds fy, Je cpr çkS|ksfxdh dk fodYi pqu ldrs gSaA ifj.kkeLo:i fuEurj vkfFkZd fodkl6 okLrfod lPpkbZ7 gSA gesa ;g le>kus ds fy, i;kZIr gS fd ge vuqdwyre fLFkfr dks gkfly dj ldrs gSaA vkxs ds fy, volj [kir dh ekax dks tYn ls tYn c<+kuk le; dh t:jr gS] D;ksafd [kir O;; Hkkjr ds ldy ?kjsyw mRikn8 dk yxHkx 60 çfr'kr gSA çokfl;ksa lfgr lkekU; :i ls Jfedksa dhs vPNh dekbZ o`gn vkfFkZd ladsrd futh vafre [kir O;; Ljdkj dk vafre [kir O;; ldy fuèkkZfjr iwath fuekZ.k fu;kZr vk;kr ldy ?kjsyw mRikn vizSy&twu 2018 7-3 izfr'kr 6-6 izfr'kr 13-3 izfr'kr 10-2 izfr'kr 11-0 izfr'kr 8 izfr'kr vizSy&twu 2019 3-1 izfr'kr 8-8 izfr'kr 4-0 izfr'kr 5-7 izfr'kr 4-2 izfr'kr 5 izfr'kr 37 ;kstuk] twu 2020

,d vkSj vè;k; tksM+ ldrs gSaA çoklh Jfed leqfpr izcaèk dk bartkj djrs gSa tks okLro esa lexz :i ls vFkZO;oLFkk ds fy, egRoiw.kZ lgk;d gks ldrk gSA n lanHkZ 1. A survey of 11,000 workers conducted by Stranded Workers’ Action Network has observed that 89% of the migrant workers have not been paid wages. https:// economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/ economy/ indicators/national-database-of- workers-in-informal-sector-in-theworks/ articleshow/73394732.cms?from=mdr 2. https://www.reuters.com/article/us- health-coronavirus-indiamigrants-spe/ special-report-indias-migrant-workers- fall-through-cracksin-coronavirus- lockdown-idUSKBN2230M3 3. Especially the funds collected from em- ployers and the government for Build- ing and Construction Workers laylargely unclaimed because of migrant nature of workforce, Unpublished ILO Project Re- port on Mapping and Assessment of Social Dialogue and Labour Administration in Maharashtra(2015). https://www.news18. com/news/india/onlyplans- tion-rs-28000-crore-collected-as-cess-for- constructionworkers-over-23-years-un- used-2025181.html 4. https://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/ public/---ed_emp/---emp_ documents/publication/wcms_221743.pdf 5. https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/ corona-bhubaneswar-toscreen-2-lakh- slum-dwellers/articleshow/75131819.cms 6. https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/ news/economy/indicators/ indias-growth-rate-at-1-9-in-2020- forecasts-globalrecession-due-to-covid 19/ articleshow/75142792.cms?from=mdr 7. India touched the highest unemployment rate so far of 27.1 per cent by the end of April 2020, according to a Report by CMIE 8. https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/ news/economy/indicators/ ing-growth-statistics-and-what-they-mean- for-the-future/ cms?utm_source=contentofinterest&utm_ medium=text&utm_campaign=cppst 9. https://mfasia.org/migrant-workers-cooperatives-as-a-crisisresponse/ for Indonesian experience of migrant workers cooperatives. y gSfjl] ts-vkj- vkSj ,e-ih- VksMkjks (1970)% çoklu] csjkstxkjh vkSj fodkl% , Vw&lsDVj ,ukfyfll] vesfjdu bdukWfed fjO;w] 60] 126&142- y udZls vkj-] (1953) izkcYEl vkWiQ dsfiVy iQkjes'ku bu vaMjMsoYkIM daVjht] vkWDliQksMZ ;wfuoflZVh çslA y lka?kh] ,l- lsu'kekZ] dsA (2014)% fLdy pSysatsl vkWiQ buiQkeZy lsDVj bu bafM;k] lhvkbZvkbZ if=kdk] ekpZ] 2014] 33&41- y O;kl] ,e- (2020)% n tkWCl CyMckFk vkWiQ vçSy 2020] lh,evkbZbZ] eqacbZA lqfuf'pr djuk] eq[; :i ls miHkksx djus ds fy, mudh mPp ço`fÙk ds dkj.k vklkuh ls ;g lqfoèkk çnku dj ldrk gSA vFkZ'kkfL=k;ksa us etnwjksa ds fy, vfrfjDr vukt HkaMkj dk mi;ksx djus dk lq>ko fn;k gS rkfd mUgsa csjkstxkjh ds nkSjku enn fey ldsA çoklh Jfedksa dh lgdkjh lfefr;ksa dh liQyrk ds mnkgj.k gSa tks dbZ ns'kksa9 esa ladV dh çfrfØ;k ds :i esa mHkjs gSaA jkT;ksa dks varjjk"Vªh; Je laxBu ds lkFk lg;ksx djds ykHk fey ldrk gS ftlds ikl nqfu;k Hkj esa ,slh dbZ ifj;kstukvksa dks gkFk esa ysus dk le`¼ vuqHko gSA [kkldj lgdkfjrk lfefr;ksa ds ekè;e ls çokfl;ksa ds dkS'ky dk mi;ksx djds ykHkdkjh jkstxkj ds volj iSnk djus ls] u dsoy çèkkuea=kh ds vkRefuHkZj Hkkjr ds vkg~oku dk ikyu fd;k tk ldsxk cfYd ;g fodkl dh çfØ;k ds fodsaæhdj.k dh lqfoèkk Hkh çnku dj ldrk gSA jkT; ljdkjksa dks ,slh ifj;kstukvksa dks O;kogkfjd cukus ds fy, u, lw{e] y?kq rFkk eè;e m|eksa bR;kfn dh LFkkiuk ds fy, cqfu;knh <kaps esa lqèkkj] vkS|ksfxd lEink ds fuekZ.k] vkfn ij dke djuk iM+ ldrk gSA okLro esa] çkjafHkd jkstxkj l`tu bl rjg ds fuos'k ds ekè;e ls gks ldrk gS] tks xq.kd ds ekè;e ls vkfFkZd fodkl dks vkxs c<+k ldrk gSA ujdls (1953) us ,yMhlh esa Je dh vlhfer vkiwfrZ dks cpr ds laHkkfor lzksr ds :i esa fy[kk Fkk] c'krsZ fd çPNUu csjkstxkj Jfedksa dk xzkeh.k ls 'kgjh vkS|ksfxd {ks=k esa çokl gksA gSfjl vkSj VksMkjks us bl çokl ds dkj.k 'kgjh vukSipkfjd {ks=k ds fodkl dks le>krs gq, xzkeh.k&'kgjh çokl dh dgkuh esa vkxs tksM+kA bl le; ge ns[k jgs gSa fd ykSVus okys izoklh vius dkS'ky dk mi;ksx djds vius x`g jkT; esa vkfFkZd fodkl dk ,d uohuhÑr lzksr cu ldrs gSaA ;fn ,slk gksrk gS rks izoklh vius x`g jkT;@ftys esa ykHkdkjh jkstxkj ds volj iSnk dj ldrs gSa] ge izokl ds fl¼kar ds ckjs esa vkRefuHkZj Hkkjr vfHk;ku [kjkc vkfFkZd fLFkfr okys lw{e] y?kq vkSj eè;e m|eksa ds fy, 20]000 djksM+ #i;s dk lcksZfMusV ½.k% y lw{e] y?kq vkSj eè;e m|eksa ds fy, vko';d bfDoVh lgk;rk y Hkkjr ljdkj lcksZfMusV ½.k ds :Ik esa 20]000 djksM+ #i;s ds izkoèkku dh lqfoèkk iznku djsxh y 2 yk[k lw{e] y?kq vkSj eè;e m|eksa ds ykHkkafor gksus dh laHkkouk y dk;Zjr lw{e] y?kq vkSj eè;e m|e tks xSj fu"iknu djus okyh ifjlaifRr;ka gSa ;k [kjkc ekyh gkyr okyh gSa os bldh ik=k gksaxh y ljdkj lhthVh,e,lbZ dks 4000 djksM+ #i;s dh lgk;rk nsxh y lhthVh,e,lbZ cSadksa dks vkaf'kd xkjaVh ½.k lgk;rk nsxk y ,e,l,ebZ ds izkseksVjksa dks cSadksa }kjk ½.k fn;k tk,xkA no-execu- ent/---coop/ imf-projects- indias-worry- articleshow/72735008. 38 ;kstuk] twu 2020

volj ykWdMkmu esa vkWuykbu f'k{k.k MkW osQ Mh çlkn MkW Hkkuq çrki flag dksfoM&19 us jgu&lgu] dkedkt vkSj i<+us&i<+kus osQ rjhdksa esa bl dnj cnyko dj fn;k gS ftldh balku us lius esa Hkh dYiuk ugha dh gksxhA blus yk•ksa fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks fo'ofo|ky; ifjljksa ls ckgj dj fn;k gS vkSj f'k{kd ?kj dh pkjnhokjh esa fleVdj jg x, gSaA blosQ dkj.k f'k{kd leqnk; f'k{k.k vkSj fl•kus dh çfØ;k esa fujUrjrk j•us osQ fy, oSdfYid jkLrs ryk'kus ij etcwj gks x;kA bl oSf'od egkekjh us lHkh f'k{kdksa dks ?kj ij dke djus vkSj f'k{kk nsus osQ u,&u, rjhosQ •kstus ij etcwj dj fn;k gSA c dkj.k f'k{kd leqnk; f'k{k.k vkSj fl•kus dh çfØ;k esa fujUrjrk tkjh j•us osQ fy, oSdfYid jkLrs ryk'kus ij etcwj gks x;kA bl oSf'od egkekjh us lHkh f'k{kdksa dks ?kj ij dke djus vkSj f'k{kk nsus osQ u,&u, rjhosQ •kstus ij etcwj dj fn;k gSA lfn;ksa ls f'k{kk nsus vkSj ikus osQ fy, xq# vkSj f'k"; osQ chp vka•ksa ls vkSj ekSu laokn osQ lkFk&lkFk vkeus&lkeus ppkZ dh ijEijk jgh gSA Dykl:e esa fo|kfFkZ;ksa osQ lkeus •M+s gksdj i<+kus osQ ctk; ?kj esa cSBdj i<+kuk 'kk;n f'k{kk nsus dk u;k rjhdk gksxkA f'k{k.k izkS|ksfxdh osQ fo'ks"kK cgqr igys ls dgrs jgs gSa fd lwpuk çkS|ksfxdh dh Hkwfedk f'k{k.k esa ,d egRoiw.kZ eè;LFk dh gksus okyh gSA vkt f'k{kd fo|kfFkZ;ksa ls tqM+us vkSj i<+kus osQ fy, vkbZVh lkèkuksa dk mi;ksx dj jgs gSaA Hkfo"; esa xq# vkSj f'k"; osQ chp laidZ lkèkus vkSj i<+us&i<+kus dh foèkk esa ;g ,d u;k vk;ke gksxkA baVjusV esa f'k{kk nsus osQ M+h iqjkuh dgkor gS fd f'k{kk ,d ,slk xq.k gS tks thou Hkj O;fDr osQ lkFk jgrk gSA fdUrqq bl dksjksuk egkekjh us nqfu;k Hkj esa bl xq.k dks ikus osQ lkèkuksa dks nksjkgs ij ykdj •M+k dj fn;k gSA fo'o Hkj esa 96 djksM+ fo|kFkhZ VdVdh yxk, f'k{k.k laLFkkvksa dh rjiQ ns• jgs gSa fd bu pqukSfr;ksa ls ikj ikus dk jkLrk D;k fudysxkA dksfoM&19 osQ dkj.k ykWdMkmu us ljdkj dks Hkh èkeZ ladV esa Mky fn;k gSA ns'k esa f'k{k.k ç'kklu] lac¼ ea=kky; vkSj fofHkÂ fu;kedksa tSls fo'ofo|ky; vuqnku vk;ksx (;wthlh)] bafnjk xkaèkh eqDr fo'ofo|ky; (bXuw)] osQUæh; ekè;fed f'k{kk cksMZ (lhch,lbZ)] ,ulhbZvkjVh vkSj ,uvkbZvks,l tSlh laLFkkvksa] lcdks f'k{k.k tkjh j•us osQ oSdfYid rjhosQ ryk'kus gSaA bUgksaus vkWuykbu f'k{kk nsus dk rjhdk fodflr djus ij dke 'kq: dj fn;k gS vkSj mEehn gS fd bl oSdfYid O;oLFkk dk •pZ lHkh oxks± osQ fo|kFkhZ mBk losQaxsA dksfoM&19 us jgu&lgu] dkedkt vkSj i<+us&i<+kus osQ rjhdksa esa bl dnj cnyko dj fn;k gS fd bldh balku us lius esa Hkh dYiuk ugha dh gksxhA blus yk•ksa fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks fo'ofo|ky; ifjljksa ls ckgj dj fn;k gS vkSj f'k{kd ?kj dh pkjnhokjh esa fleVdj jg x, gSaA blosQ lkèkuksa vkSj lqO;ofLFkr lkexzh dk vn~Hkqr HkaMkj gSA baVjusV ij vkèkkfjr f'k{k.k vusd dkjdksa ij fuHkZj gSA blosQ fy, LFkk;h dusfDVfoVh osQ lkFk&lkFk nwjlapkj vkSj LVªhfeax oaQifu;ksa osQ chp fVdkÅ lg;ksx t:jh gS ftlls laçs"k.k fcV dh nj gkbZ MsfiQus'ku ls ?kVkdj LVSaMMZ MsfiQus'ku rd ykbZ tk losQ vkSj ,sls lkèku fodflr fd, tk losQa ftuls i<+kbZ esa okLro esa vkuan vk losQA vc le; vk x;k gS fd ,slh vU; laHkkoukvksa dh ryk'k dh tk, tks f'k{kk {ks=k esa dksbZ u;k jkLrk •ksysaxhA ns•uk ;g gS fd ekStwnk pqukSrh dksfoM&19 osQ ckn osQ ifjn`'; esa ns'k osQ f'k{kk {ks=k osQ fy, Hkfo"; dk •kdk r; dj ikrh ;k ughaA orZeku pqukSrh ij ppkZ djus ls igys ;g mfpr gksxk fd ns'k esa mixzg f'k{k.k osQ bfrgkl ij ,d utj Mky yh tk, ftlus bl ih<+h dks mixzg f'k{kk osQ fodkl osQ ekè;e ls i<+us&i<+kus dk flyflyk tkjh j•us osQ fy, Bksl vkèkkj çnku fd;kA ledkyhu fo'o esa f'k{kk esa ,d çeq• eqík 'kSf{kd ehfM;k osQ fodkl dk jgk gSA bl {ks=k esa jsfM;ks] Vsyhfotu dk mi;ksx 75 o"kZ ls Hkh igys ls O;kid MkW osQ Mh çlkn bXuw] ubZ fnYyh ds {ks=kh; funs'kd gSaA bZesy% kdprasad08@gmail.com MkW Hkkuq çrki flag bXuw] ubZ fnYyh ds lgk;d {ks=kh; funs'kd gSaA 39 ;kstuk] twu 2020

Lo;aizHkk MS'kcksMZ :i ls gks jgk gSA i<+kbZ&fy•kbZ osQ fy, u fliQZ Vsyhfotu] jsfM;ks ;k fiQYe vFkok fiQYe ifV~Vdkvksa tSls vU; NksVs ehfM;k dk mi;ksx gqvk gS] cfYd nqfu;k Hkj esa f'k{kk osQ fy, mixzg lapkj ekè;eksa dk mi;ksx gks jgk gSA mixzg lapkj O;oLFkk dk fodkl Hkys gh gky esa gqvk gks] ysfdu blesa mi;ksx dh vikj laHkkouk,a gSaA ;g ,d vR;ar l'kDr ekè;e gS ftls dkjksckj vkSj m|ksx esa viuk fy;k x;k gSA mixzg f'k{k.k Vsyhfotu vuqç;ksx (,lvkbZVhbZ) vkèkqfud dky esa fodkl vkSj f'k{k.k lacaèkh dk;ZØeksa dks lgkjk nsus osQ fy, mixzg osQ mi;ksx esa ,d lcls cM+k lapkj ç;ksx FkkA bl rjg mixzg osQ ekè;e ls Hkkjr esa Vsyhfotu çlkj.k igyh vxLr 1975 dks 'kq: gqvkA Hkkjrh; varfj{k vuqlaèkku laxBu] bljks vkSj vkdk'kok.kh us Ng jkT;ksa vkaèkz çns'k] fcgkj] dukZVd] vksfM'kk] eè; çns'k vkSj jktLFkku osQ pqus gq, xkaoksa esa 'kSf{kd Vhoh dk;ZØeksa osQ çlkj.k dk nkf;Ro laHkkykA bu jkT;ksa vkSj xkaoksa dk p;u f'k{kk osQ ekeys esa fiNM+siu osQ vkèkkj ij fd;k x;k FkkA ,lvkbZVhbZ osQ ekè;e ls f'k{kk] •srh] LokLF; vkSj ifjokj fu;kstu rFkk jk‘ªh; ,dhdj.k osQ {ks=kksa esa funZs'ku dk y{; FkkA blosQ varxZr ns'k osQ fofHkÂ lkaLÑfrd Hkk"kk;h vkSj •sfrgj {ks=kksa esa djhc nks gtkj pkj lkS Mk;jsDV fjlsI'ku Vsyhfotu lsV (Mhvkj,l) yxk, x,A blosQ fy, vyx&vyx lkekftd&vkfFkZd ekgkSy dks Hkh pquk x;kA mixzg osQ ekè;e ls fnu esa pkj ?kaVs Vsyhfotu çlkj.k gksrk FkkA blesa Ms<+ ?kaVk lqcg vkSj <kbZ ?kaVk 'kke dksA ,lvkbZVhbZ osQ nkSjku vuqHko bruk mRlkgtud jgk fd ns'k esa Vsyhfotu çlkj.k osQ foLrkj dks xfr feyhA ,lvkbZVhbZ dh liQyrk osQ vkèkkj ij Hkkjr us Lons'kh cgqmi;ksxh varfj{k lapkj ç.kkyh fodflr djus osQ çLrko dks eatwjh nhA 1977 esa bl ç.kkyh dks uke fn;k x;k bafM;u us'kuy lSVsykbV ;kuh bulSVA bulSV dk çeq• mís';~ Fkk% ns'k osQ fofHkÂ fgLlksa esa lekt osQ lHkh oxks± dks tkx`r] tkudkj] lpsr] f'kf{kr] euksjaftr vkSj le`¼ djus yk;d fofoèk dk;ZØeksa dk fuekZ.k vkSj laçs"k.k djukA bldk ,d mís'; cPpksa] ;qokvksa vkSj o;Ldksa osQ fy, f'k{kk osQ oSdfYid rjhdksa dks çksRlkfgr djuk Hkh FkkA blosQ ckn f'k{kk osQ oSdfYid rjhdksa dks vkSj iq‘ djus osQ fy, 10 vçSy] 1982 dks bulSV&1, dks mldh d{kk esa ç{ksfir fd;k x;kA fdUrq mlesa oqQN •jkch vk xbZ vkSj flrEcj 1982 esa mlus dke djuk can dj fn;kA ysfdu ;g flyflyk #dk ugha] 30 vxLr] 1983 dks bulSV 1&ch dk ç{ksi.k gqvkA djhc pkj gtkj Vsyhfotu lsV yxk, x,A lqcg osQ Vsyhfotu çlkj.k esa ikap ls vkB vkSj ukS ls ckjg o"kZ osQ vk;q oxZ esa LowQyh Vsyhfotu] jsfM;ks ;k fiQYe vFkok fiQYe ifV~Vdkvksa tSls vU; NksVs ehfM;k dk mi;ksx gqvk gS] cfYd nqfu;k Hkj esa f'k{kk osQ fy, mixzg lapkj ekè;eksa dk mi;ksx gks jgk gSA mixzg lapkj O;oLFkk dk fodkl Hkys gh gky esa gqvk gks] ysfdu blesa mi;ksx dh vikj laHkkouk,a gSaA 40 ;kstuk] twu 2020

cPpksa osQ fy, f'k{kk osQ dk;ZØe çlkfjr fd, tkrs FksA ;s dk;ZØe u fliQZ muosQ ikB~;Øe ls tqM+s gksrs Fks] cfYd Ldwy osQ ikBksa osQ brj Hkh cgqr lkjh tkudkjh nh tkrh FkhA LFkkuh; nwjn'kZu osQUæksa vkSj osQUæh; f'k{k.k çkS|ksfxdh laLFkku (lhvkbZbZVh) rFkk ,ulhbZvkjVh ls vuqjksèk fd;k x;k fd os mi;qDr dk;ZØe rS;kj djsaA Hkkjr osQ varfj{k dk;ZØe us 24 tqykbZ] 1993 dks ,d vkSj cM+h Nykax yxkbZ tc ns'k esa gh fufeZr bulSV&2ch mixzg dks nf{k.k vesfjdk esa Úsap xq;kuk ls ç{ksfir fd;k x;kA bl mixzg dks ,d lkFk dbZ Hkwfedk,a fuHkkuh FkhaA blls igys ebZ 1991 esa bXuw osQ f'k{k.k dk;ZØeksa dk çlkj.k nwjn'kZu osQ jk‘ªh; usVodZ ij lIrkg esa rhu fnu lqcg&lqcg gksus yxk FkkA vkWfM;ks dk;ZØeksa dk çlkj.k tuojh 1992 esa rRdkyhu cEcbZ vkSj gSnjkckn rFkk oqQN le; ckn fnYyh vkSj y•uÅ ls gksus yxkA bXuw osQ dk;ZØe ikB~;Øe ij vkèkkfjr gksrs vkSj iw.kZr% lefiZr 24 ?kaVs çlkj.k djus okyk Vhoh pSuy gSA ;g ekuo lalkèku fodkl ea=kky;] lwpuk ,oa çlkj.k ea=kky;] bXuw] ;wthlh] lhbZlh] ,ulhbZvkjVh] lhvkbZbZVh] ,lvkbZbZVh] jk‘ªh; eqDr LowQyh f'k{kk laLFkku (,uvkbZvks,l)] varfj{k ,oa VsDuksykWth foHkkx] ns'k osQ vkbZvkbZVh laLFkkuksa] izkS|ksfxdh f'k{kd o f'k{k.k laLFkkuksa] varfj{k foHkkx] MhbZlh;w] xzkeh.k fodkl] LokLF;] Je] i;kZoj.k ea=kky;ksa ,oa jk‘ªh; ,M~l fu;a=k.k laxBu tSls fofoèk foHkkxksa dk la;qDr miØe gSA bXuw osQ bysDVªkWfud ehfM;k çksMD'ku lsaVj dks rkyesy vkSj lEizs"k.k dk nkf;Ro lkSaik x;kA pkj o"kZ osQ dk;Zdky esa gh 26 tuojh] 2004 dks Kku n'kZu iwjh rjg fMftVy gks x;k vkSj blosQ varxZr thMh&ou] thMh&Vw] thMh&Fkzh ,dyO;k rFkk thMh&iQksj O;kl uke ls pSuy 'kq: dj fn, x,A ewy :i ls ;s pSuy ns'k Hkj esa fo'ks"kdj NksVs dLcksa esa dkWystksa vkSj fo'ofo|ky;ksa esa Lukrd vkSj LukrdksÙkj d{kkvksa osQ fo|kfFkZ;ksa dh t:jrsa iwjh djrs gSaA i=kkpkj ikB~;Øeksa osQ fo|kfFkZ;ksa] Lukrd vkSj LukrdksÙkj dkslZ i<+kus okys f'k{kdksa rFkk çf'k{k.k dkWystksa osQ deZpkfj;ksa osQ vykok fofHkÂ çfr;ksxh ijh{kkvksa dh rS;kjh esa tqVs fo|kFkhZ Hkh ;s pSuy ns•rs gSaA 20 flrEcj] 2004 dks bljks us osQoy f'k{kk dks lefiZr Hkkjr dk igyk mixzg ,MqlSV varfj{k osQ fy, jokuk fd;kA ;g ns'k dk igyk mixzg gS ftls fliQZ f'k{kk {ks=k osQ fy, rS;kj fd;k x;k gSA ;g mixzg Åaph cSaMfoFk ij nksrjiQk laokn dh lqfoèkk nsus esa l{ke gSA blosQ fy, ns'k Hkj esa yxk, x, lSVsykbV baVj,fDVo VfeZuYl (,lvkbZVh) vkSj fjlho vksuyh VfeZuy (vkjvksVh) dk ,d futh usVodZ rS;kj fd;k x;kA bXuw] ,ulhbZvkjVh] lhbZlh] fo'os'ojSÕ;k VsDuksykWftdy ;wfuoflZVh vkSj foKku çlkj tSlh oqQN çeq• laLFkkvksa us ,MqlSV dk cgqr dkjxj <ax ls mi;ksx fd;k gSA vc ykWdMkmu osQ ekgkSy esa miyCèk fodYiksa ij foLrkj ls ppkZ djus ls igys oqQN nsj Bgjdj ml cnyko ij xkSj fd;k tk, tks yksxksa us vius i<+us&i<+kus osQ rjhdksa esa eglwl fd;k gSA ebZ 1991 esa bXuw osQ f'k{k.k dk;ZØeksa dk çlkj.k nwjn'kZu osQ jk‘ªh; usVodZ ij lIrkg esa rhu fnu lqcg&lqcg gksus yxk FkkA fo'ofo|ky; vius fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks tks f'k{k.k lkexzh Hkstrk gS mlesa ;s dk;ZØe iwjd dh Hkwfedk fuHkkrs gSaA bXuw osQ dkslZ esa HkrhZ fo|kfFkZ;ksa osQ fy, çlkfjr fd, tkrs FksA fo'ofo|ky; vius fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks tks f'k{k.k lkexzh Hkstrk gS mlesa ;s dk;ZØe iwjd dh Hkwfedk fuHkkrs gSaA ;g çlkj.k fodkl ,oa f'k{kk osQ bXuw~ osQ mís';ksa dks iwjk djus dh fn'kk esa ,d cgqr cM+k dne gSA 26 tuojh] 2000 dks Kku n'kZu dk 'kqHkkjaHk gqvkA tc Hkkjr esa 'kSf{kd vkSj fodkl lacaèkh xfrfofèk;ksa osQ fy, 41 ;kstuk] twu 2020

ckrksa dks xgjkbZ ls le>us esa enn nsrk gSA dkjxj f'k{kk osQ fy, baVjusV lwpuk lalkèkuksa rd igqap dk gksuk gh dkiQh ugha gSA blosQ fy, vko';d gS fd fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks igys ls lwpuk osQ lkFk dke djuk fl•k;k tk, vkSj nwjLFk f'k{kk ikus okyksa dks ,sls fo'ks"k dk;Z lkSais tk,a ftuls muesa egRoiw.kZ lksp osQ ckSf¼d dkS'ky fodflr gksaA os ekSf•d ikBksa ls eYVhehfM;k ekgkSy esa dke dj losQa vkSj rFkkdfFkr lSosQaMjh ikB ;kuh ikBksa osQ lkj] lkjka'k vkSj fucaèk vkfn rS;kj dj losQaA baVjusV ij miyCèk lwpuk lalkèkuksa dk mi;ksx djuk mruk vklku ugha gS ftruk fn•kbZ nsrk gSA blosQ fy, baVjusV osQ egklkxj esa bl tkudkjh dks •kstus dh {kerk osQ lkFk&lkFk mls çkslSl djus vkSj laKkRed y{;ksa osQ fy, mlosQ dkjxj mi;ksx dh {kerk dk gksuk Hkh t:jh gSA ekpZ] 2020 esa LVSfVLVhd fjlpZ fMikVZesaV fjiksVZ esa yxk, x, vuqeku osQ vuqlkj Hkkjr baVjusV osQ mi;ksx osQ ekeys esa nqfu;k esa nwljs LFkku ij gSA fdUrq nwjlapkj fu;ked ,tsalh VªkbZ dh fjiksVZ osQ vuqlkj 2017 esa osQoy 34 çfr'kr tula[;k dks gh baVjusV dh lqfoèkk lqyHk FkhA blesa Hkh efgykvksa vkSj iq#"kksa osQ chp folaxfr cgqr vfèkd gSA iq#"k baVjusV miHkksDrk yxHkx 70 çfr'kr vkSj efgyk miHkksDrk osQoy 30 çfr'kr gSaA baVjusV osQ bLrseky osQ ekeys esa xzkeh.k vkSj 'kgjh {ks=kksa dh fLFkfr osQ vkdyu ls irk yxrk gS fd baVjusV dk çlkj fdruk tfVy gS vkSj mlesa fdruh fo"kerk gSA ns'k dh 66 çfr'kr ls vf/d vkcknh xzkeh.k Hkkjr esa jgrh gS fiQj Hkh mldh baVjusV l?kurk fliQZ 25-3 çfr'kr gS] tcfd ns'k dh 34 çfr'kr 'kgjh vkcknh dks yxHkx 98 çfr'kr baVjusV duSfDVfoVh dk lq• fey jgk gSA ekpZ] 2020 esa LihMVSLV5 Xykscy baMSDl osQ #>kuksa osQ vuqlkj Hkkjr mu 141 ns'kksa esa ls 130osa LFkku ij Fkk ftuesa MkmuyksM LihM 10-15 ,echih,l dh gS tcfd mldk oSf'od vkSlr 30-47 ,echih,l gSA baVjusV dh LihM osQ ekeys esa Hkh xkao vkSj 'kgjksa esa fHkÂrk gSA xzkeh.k {ks=kksa esa vkt Hkh 'kgjh {ks=kksa dh rqyuk esa baVjusV dh xfr èkheh gSA vkWuykbu ikBdksa dh la[;k esa xtc dh c<+ksÙkjh gqbZ gSA yksx v•ckj] i=k&if=kdk,a vkSj iqLrosQa vkfn i<+us osQ fy, oSdfYid eap ryk'k djus yxs vkSj bZ&lkexzh ij mudh fuHkZjrk dbZ xq.kk c<+ xbZA vusd futh vkSj lkoZtfud LowQyksa us rqjUr vkWuykbu d{kk,a 'kq: dj nha vkSj x`g dk;Z Hkh vkWuykbu fn;k tkus yxkA lkoZtfud vkSj futh fo'ofo|ky;ksa rFkk dkWystksa us Hkh fofHkÂ IysViQkWeZ dk mi;ksx djosQ ohfM;ks ysDpj çlkfjr djuk 'kq: dj fn;kA bu laLFkkvksa osQ ;s ç;kl ;wthlh osQ 2016 osQ fu;eksa osQ vuq:i gSa ftuesa dgk x;k Fkk fd mPp f'k{k.k laLFkk,a viuh oqQy f'k{k.k lkexzh esa ls chl çfr'kr vkWuykbu IysViQkWeZ Lo;a osQ tfj, lEçsf"kr djsaA f'k{kdksa osQ O;k[;kuksa dh vkWuykbu Vªsfuax 'kq: gksrs gh VsDuksykWth dh deh] mi;qDr fMftVy Vªsfuax osQ vHkko vkSj cSaMfoFk ls tqM+s loky mBus yxsA ohfM;ks dkaÚsaflax osQ fy, •wc mi;ksx gksus okys twe ,si dh xksiuh;rk lacaèkh fparkvksa dks ysdj •wc iQthgr gksus yxhA t+we osQ lhbZvks ,fjd ,l ;qvku us bl ,si esa flD;qfjVh ls tqM+h reke •kfe;ksa osQ fy, ekiQh Hkh ekax yhA crk;k x;k fd t+we dh xksiuh;rk uhfr esa oqQN ,slh èkkjk,a 'kkfey Fkha ftuls oaQiuh dks miHkksDrk dh lkjh tkudkjh fdlh rhljs i{k dks cspus dk iwjk vfèkdkj fey tkrk gSA f'k{kk çkS|ksfxdh (bZVh)@lwpuk ,oa lapkj çkS|ksfxdh (vkbZlhVh) dk mi;ksx i<+us&i<+kus esa djus dk flyflyk nqfu;k Hkj esa ykWdMkmu osQ nkSjku cgqr rsth ls c<+k gSA ;g i<+kus vkSj i<+us esa fo|kfFkZ;ksa vkSj ,sls reke yksxksa rd igqapus dk vifjgk;Z lkèku cu x;k gSA vkèkqfud ;qx esa baVjusV u fliQZ gekjs nSfud thou esa cfYd f'k{kk osQ fy, Hkh lcls mi;ksxh VsDuksykWth lkfcr gqbZ gSA f'k{kk esa baVjusV osQ egRo dk rks dguk gh D;kA ;g fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks fdlh Hkh pht dh •kstchu djus esa vkSj viuh d{kk esa i<+kbZ xbZ ohfM;ks dkaÚsaflax osQ fy, •wc mi;ksx gksus okys twe ,si dh xksiuh;rk lacaèkh fparkvksa dks ysdj •wc iQthgr gksus yxhA t+we osQ lhbZvks ,fjd ,l ;qvku us bl ,si esa flD;qfjVh ls tqM+h reke •kfe;ksa osQ fy, ekiQh Hkh ekax yhA crk;k x;k fd t+we dh xksiuh;rk uhfr esa oqQN ,slh èkkjk,a 'kkfey Fkha ftuls oaQiuh dks miHkksDrk dh lkjh tkudkjh fdlh rhljs i{k dks cspus dk iwjk vfèkdkj fey tkrk gSA f'k{kk çkS|ksfxdh (bZVh)@lwpuk ,oa lapkj çkS|ksfxdh (vkbZlhVh) dk mi;ksx i<+us&i<+kus esa djus dk flyflyk nqfu;k Hkj esa ykWdMkmu osQ nkSjku cgqr rsth ls c<+k gSA 42 ;kstuk] twu 2020

,slh fLFkfr esa ?kjsyw Lrj ij ifjlaifÙk LokfeRo dk vkdyu djus osQ fy, cqfu;knh lqfoèkk,a rS;kj gksuh pkfg,A jk‘ªh; lka[;dh; laxBu] ,u,lvks us 2017&18 esa f'k{kk dh lkekftd •ir osQ ckjs esa 75osa nkSj dk loZs{k.k fd;k Fkk ftlesa irk yxk;k x;k Fkk fd fdrus ifjokjksa esa dE;wVj gS vkSj baVjusV rd igqap fdruh gSA bl loZs esa ;g Hkh irk yxk;k x;k fd ikap o"kZ vkSj mlls vfèkd vk;q oxZ osQ O;fDr;ksa us ifjokj esa baVjusV dk mi;ksx fd;k gS ;k ugha vkSj ;g mi;ksx loZs dh frfFk ls igys osQ 30 fnu osQ nkSjku fdlh Hkh txg ls tkudkjh •kstus] mldk vkdyu djus vkSj lEçsf"kr djus osQ fy, LekVZiQksu vkSj fdlh vU; fMokbl osQ ekè;e ls fd;k x;k gS D;k\ loZs osQ 75osa nkSj esa fliQZ mu ifjokjksa dks 'kkfey fd;k x;k Fkk ftuesa 5&29 o"kZ osQ rd fo|kFkhZ Fks tks ml le; LowQy] dkWyst ;k fo'ofo|ky; esa i<+ jgs FksA loZs ls irk pyk fd 8-3 çfr'kr ifjokjksa esa dE;wVj Fks vkSj 21-6 çfr'kr osQ ikl baVjusV dh lqfoèkk FkhA bruk gh ugha dEI;wVj osQ ctk, baVjusV dh lqfoèkk okys ifjokjksa dk vuqikr cM+k FkkA fdUrq xkao vkSj 'kgj rFkk {ks=k osQ Hkhrj Hkh nwfj;ka cgqr vfèkd FkhaA 'kgjh {ks=kksa esa 20 çfr'kr ifjokjksa esa dEI;wVj vkSj 39-8 çfr'kr ifjokjksa esa baVjusV dh lqfoèkk FkhA xzkeh.k {ks=kksa esa ;g vuqikr Øe'k% 4 çfr'kr vkSj 5 çfr'kr FkkA lcls Åij osQ nks 'kgjh {ks=kksa esa Hkh lwpuk •kstdj mldk vkdyu vkSj lEçs"k.k dj losQaA vly esa ns•k tk, rks Hkkjr esa lcls Åij dh 'kgjh vkcknh gh vkWuykbu f'k{kk osQ fy, lcls vfèkd rS;kj gSA vkWuykbu f'k{kk dk ,d fodYi Vsyhfotu osQ ekè;e ls f'k{kk nsuk gks ldrk gSA jk‘ªh; ifjokj LokLF; loZs{k.k 2015&16 ls irk pyrk gS fd 'kgjksa esa 86 çfr'kr vkSj xkaoksa esa 51-5 çfr'kr ifjokjksa esa jaxhu Vsyhfotu FkkA vYikofèk esa vkWuykbu f'k{kk osQ eqdkcys Vsyhfotu] f'k{kk dk vfèkd O;kogkfjd] leku igqap okyk] de ykxr esa vfèkd foLrkj ikus yk;d fodYi yxrk gSA orZeku ladV us fMftVy f'k{kk dks çksRlkfgr djus esa mRçsjd dh Hkwfedk fuHkkbZ gSA ;gka eqDr f'k{k.k lalkèkuksa (vksbZvkj) dk Vsyhfotu@mixzg osQ ekè;e ls f'k{kk çnku djus osQ lkFk lgh feJ.k ns• ikuk Hkh mruk gh egRoiw.kZ gSA eqDr f'k{k.k lalkèku okLro esa lkoZtfud :i ls lqyHk i<+kus] i<+us vkSj 'kksèk osQ lalkèku gSa ;k ftUgsa ckSf¼d laink ykblsal osQ rgr eqDr mi;ksx osQ fy, •qyk NksM+ fn;k x;k gSA buesa iwjs dkslZ] ekWM~;wy] ikB~;iqLrosQa] LVªhfeax ohfM;ks vkSj VsLV vkfn 'kkfey gSaA 2012 esa vksbZvkj isfjl ?kks"k.kk us bu eqDr f'k{k.k lalkèkuksa dk lokZsÙke mi;ksx djus osQ fy, O;kid fn'kk&funZs'k tkjh dj fn, x, FksA blesa vkSipkfjd] vukSipkfjd rFkk xSj&vkSipkfjd f'k{kk osQ chp dh •kbZ dks ikVus] xSj&ijEijkxr Kku çkIr djus okyksa osQ fy, lqyHkrk dk foLrkj djosQ mPp f'k{kk esa Hkkxhnkjh c<+kus vkSj lh•us okyksa osQ O;kid vkèkkj esa vkthou Kku çkIr djus dks c<+kok nsus dh laHkkouk,a gSaA f'k{kk laLFkku pkgs rks u, ç;ksx fd, fcuk eqDr f'k{k.k lalkèkuksa esa miyCèk Kku dks u, fljs ls laokjdj ckaV ldrs gSaA baVjusV dh lqfoèkk okyk dksbZ Hkh KkukFkhZ ,d rqyukRed ewY; ij viuh ilan ls fo'o osQ fdlh Hkh csgrjhu fo'ofo|ky; ls dksbZ Hkh dkslZ pqu ldrk gSA ;wusLdks us Hkh fliQkfj'k dh gS fd nwj&njkt osQ KkukfFkZ;ksa rd igqapus vkSj orZeku ladV us fMftVy f'k{kk dks çksRlkfgr djus esa mRçsjd dh Hkwfedk fuHkkbZ gSA ;gka eqDr f'k{k.k lalkèkuksa (vksbZvkj) dk Vsyhfotu@mixzg osQ ekè;e ls f'k{kk çnku djus osQ lkFk lgh feJ.k ns• ikuk Hkh mruk gh egRoiw.kZ gSA eqDr f'k{k.k lalkèku okLro esa lkoZtfud :i ls lqyHk i<+kus] i<+us vkSj 'kksèk osQ lalkèku gSa ;k ftUgsa ckSf¼d laink ykblsal osQ rgr eqDr mi;ksx osQ fy, •qyk NksM+ fn;k x;k gSA buesa iwjs dkslZ] ekWM~;wy] ikB~;iqLrosQa] LVªhfeax ohfM;ks vkSj VsLV vkfn 'kkfey gSaA baVjusV dh lqfoèkk okys ifjokjksa dk çfr'kr Øe'k% 68-3 vkSj 50 FkkA lcls uhps osQ 'kgjh {ks=kksa esa ;g vuqikr 18 çfr'kr FkkA lcls Åij osQ xzkeh.k {ks=kksa esa 29 çfr'kr ifjokjksa dks vkSj lcls uhps osQ xzkeh.k {ks=kksa esa 5-7 çfr'kr ifjokjksa dks baVjusV dh lqfoèkk lqyHk FkhA baVjusV dh {kerk dk mi;ksx djus dk eryc ;g gS fd ifjokj osQ lnL; fdlh Hkh osclkbV ij tkus] bZ&esy dk bLrseky djus vkSj lks'ky usVofd±x vuqç;ksxksa vkfn dk mi;ksx djus esa n{k gSa ftlls os dksbZ 43 ;kstuk] twu 2020

f'k{kk esa #dkoV dks lhfer djus osQ fy, nwjLFk f'k{k.k dk;ZØeksa osQ fofHkÂ lkèkuksa vkSj eqDr f'k{k.k vuqç;ksxksa rFkk eapksa dk mi;ksx fd;k tk,A vc ;g fuf'pr gks x;k gS fd laLFkkvksa dks mixzg vkSj baVjusV osQ lgkjs fMftVy yfu±x dh enn ls ikB çnku djus dh fn'kk esa rsth ls vkxs c<+uk gksxkA blfy, fMftVy vkosx Hkfo"; esa f'k{k.k dk ,d çeq• vk;ke gks ldrk gSA mlosQ vuqlkj laLFkkvksa dks FkksM+s cM+s vkSj fVdkÅ Lrj ij f'k{kd çf'k{k.k vkSj fodkl dk;ZØeksa dks ifjekftZr djuk gksxk rkfd os fMftVy f'k{k.k dj losQaA blls laLFkkvksa dks opZqvy Dykl:e vkSj ohfM;ks dkaÚsal osQ vk;kstu esa enn feysxhA fo'ofo|ky;ksa osQ ,sls ç;klksa ls f'k{kdksa bl çfØ;k dks fMftVy fMfyojh dh rjiQ eksM+ losQaxsA bldk çHkko cgqr nwjxkeh gksxkA fdrkcksa dh txg bZ&lkexzh vkSj bZ&iqLrdksa osQ vkus dh laHkkouk ls badkj ugha fd;k tk ldrkA ikBksa dh vkWuykbu fMfyojh osQ mi;ksx esa rsth ls o`f¼ laLFkkvksa osQ fy, Hkfo"; esa ikBksa dh vk;kstuk cukus vkSj m|fe;ksa osQ fy, dkjksckj osQ vPNs volj gks ldrh gSA ,sls ifjn`'; esa vkus okyk le; eqDr vkSj nwjLFk f'k{k.k laLFkkvksa vkSj nksgjs f'k{k.k okys fo'ofo|ky;ksa osQ vykok oqQN ubZ laLFkkvksa osQ mn; osQ fy, mi;qDr gks ldrk gSA f'k{kk dh Hkkoh pqukSfr;ksa] voljksa vkSj mHkjrh vko';drkvksa dh fn'kk esa vkxs c<+rs le; t:jh gS fd lHkh mPp f'k{k.k laLFkk,a oqQN iy Bgjdj jkLrs dh pqukSfr;ksa] lhekvksa vkSj vkxs c<+us osQ fy, O;kogkfjd ;kstukvksa ij fopkj djsaA ns'k esa nwj&nwj cSBs vfèkla[;d KkukfFkZ;ksa dks cSaMfoFk vkSj VsDuksykWth cjkcjh ls lqyHk djkuk lcls cM+h pqukSrh gksxhA blosQ vykok lkexzh vkSj izkS|ksfxdh nksuksa esa fo'ks"kK tu 'kfDr dk i;kZIr la[;k esa rRdky miyCèk gksuk Hkh ,d cM+h leL;k gSA f'k{kdksa vkSj lkexzh fo'ks"kKksa rFkk fo|kfFkZ;ksa nksuksa dh ekufldrk cnyus esa Hkh oqQN le; yxsxkA ekrk&firk dks Hkh tkx:d gksuk gksxk rkfd i<+us&i<+kus osQ bl 'kkL=k esa cnyko dks Lohdkj dj losQaA bu pqukSfr;ksa dk lkeuk djus osQ fy, vko';d gS fd eqDr f'k{k.k lalkèkuksa vkSj Lo;a IysViQkWeZ osQ mi;qDr mi;ksx esa lkE; LFkkfir fd;k tk,] bZ&ykbczsjh ls leUo; fd;k tk,] f'k{kdksa dks çksRlkfgr fd;k tk, fd os lks'ky ehfM;k@;w&V~;wc osQ fy, lkexzh rS;kj djsaA mUgas ewd esa ;ksxnku djus vkSj ewy DykmM lkexzh fodflr djus osQ fy, Hkh rS;kj jguk gksxk ftlesa lh•us vkSj vkdyu osQ fy, pkSrjiQk n`f‘dks.k viuk;k x;k gSA bl dke esa le; rks yx ldrk gS fdUrq fiQygky laLFkkvksa dks mi;qDr u, ehfM;k] ,si ,IyhosQ'ku] eksckby yfu±x tSls yfu±x ekWM~;wYl flLVe dk p;u 'kq: dj nsuk gksxkA cgqr vPNh rjg •kstchu osQ ckn i<+kus dh ,slh VsDuksykWth fodflr djuh gksxh ftlesa f'k{k.k lkexzh dh lgh iSosQftax gks vkSj rqjUr lkFkh lewgksa osQ lkFk laokn tSlh fo'ks"krk,a gksa] leqfpr oLrqfu"B iz'ukoyh osQ tfj, lkFk&lkFk vkdyu Hkh fd;k tk losQA ,slk djrs le; vkWuykbu Mk;ykWx ckWDl@ppkZ iQksje osQ lkFk lh•us osQ ifj.kkeksa ij Hkh djhc ls utj j•uh gksxhA ,slk djus ls laLFkkvksa dks Hkfo"; esa vkWuykbu i<+us&i<+kus osQ voljksa dk ykHk mBkus esa enn feysxhA gks ldrk gS fd ykWdMkmu dh pqukSfr;ka okLro esa vkWuykbu f'k{k.k dh Hkkoh vko';drk dks iwjk djus dh gekjh laLFkkvksa dh laHkkoukvksa vkSj {kerkvksa osQ vkdyu esa ojnku cu tk,A n lanHkZ 1- n fctusl ykbu] 24 vçSy] 2020 2- LVStfVLVk fjlpZ fMikVZesaV fjiksVZ] ekpZ] 2020 3- fodhihfM;k http://www.egyankosh.ac.in/ bitstream/123456789/41855/1/Unit-8.pdf izdk'ku foHkkx osQ foozQ; osaQæ iqLrd nh?kkZ] lwpuk Hkou] lhthvks dkWEIysDl] yksèkh jksM gky la- 196] iqjkuk lfpoky; 701] lh& foax] lkroha eafty] osaQæh; lnu] csykiqj 8] ,lIykusM bZLV ^,* foax] jktkth Hkou] clar uxj fr#vuariqje çsl jksM] u;h xouZesaV çsl osQ fudV gSnjkckn dejk la- 204] nwljk ry] lhthvks Vkoj] dokM+hxqM+k] fldanjkckn csaxyq# iQLVZ Ýyksj] ^,siQ* foax] osaQæh; lnu] dksjkeaxyk iVuk fcgkj jkT; dksvkWijsfVo cSad Hkou] v'kksd jktiFk y[kuÅ gkWy la&1] nwljk ry] osaQæh; Hkou] {ks=k&,p] vyhxat vgenkckn ihvkbZch] v[kaMkuan gkWy] ry&2] enj Vsjslk jksM] lh,uvkbZ ppZ ds ikl] Hknz 380001 ubZ fnYyh fnYyh uoh eqacbZ dksydkrk psUubZ 110003 110054 400614 700069 600090 695001 500080 560034 800004 226024 011&24367260 011&23890205 022&27570686 033&22488030 044&24917673 0471&2330650 040&27535383 080&25537244 0612&2683407 0522&2325455 079&26588669 44 ;kstuk] twu 2020

fiQYe Hkkjrh; flusek esa izkS|ksfxdh dk cnyrk Lo:i lat; JhokLro fiQYeksa osQ çksMD'ku dh n`f‘ ls Hkkjrh; flusek yxkrkj ubZ eaftysa Nw jgk gSA fiNys oqQN lkyksa esa cgqr rsth ls cnyko ns•us dks feys gSaA gkykafd gekjs ;gka flusek dh 'kq#vkr oqQN èkhes vkSj izkS|ksfxdh ls Lrj ij la?k"kZ djrs gq, gqbZ FkhA blosQ ckn Hkh oqQN gh n'kdksa esa blus vius iSj tek fy;s vkSj vc Hkkjrh; fiQYesaa Hkh izkS|ksfxdh n`f‘ ls fons'kh fiQYeksa dks VDdj nsus dk ekík j•us osQ fy, rS;kj gSaA ck r yxHkx 124 lky igys dh gS] tc teZuh ls ysfe;j caèkq vkLVªsfy;k tkus osQ jkLrs esa Hkkjr vk,A mUgksaus eqacbZ esa tqykbZ 1896 esa viuh fiQYe dk çn'kZu fd;kA rc fiQYeksa osQ fuekZ.k dh izkS|ksfxdh ,dne vyx FkhA vyx rjg osQ oSQejksa dk bLrseky fd;k tkrk FkkA rc ,d lhu osQ fy, u tkus fdrus gh fLVy iQksVksxzkiQ dk 'kwV gksrk Fkk vkSj fiQj mUgsa bl rjg lkFk feyk;k tkrk Fkk fd oks iQksVks pyrh gqbZ yxus yxrh FkhA gkykafd rc mlosQ fy, ,d •kl oSQejk vkSj e'khu flusesVksxzkiQ fodflr dj yh xbZ FkhA ysfe;j caèkq viuh mlh e'khu osQ lkFk Hkkjr vk, FksA muosQ ml 'kks esa eqacbZ osQ ,d tkus&ekus iQksVksxzkiQj gfj'paæ l•kjke HkkVosMdj Hkh 'kkfey gq,A bl çn'kZu us muosQ vanj Hkh blh rjg dh fiQYe cukus dh bPNk iSnk gqbZA mUgksaus blosQ ckn ysfe;j caèkqvksa ls laidZ lkèkdj flusesVksxzkiQ e'khu eaxkbZA blosQ izkS|ksfxdh Kku ls oks :&c&: gq,A fiQj 1896 esa gh mUgksaus nks NksVh fiQYesa cuk Hkh MkyhaA ;s Hkkjrh; flusek dh vksj igyk dne FkkA blfy, ekuk tkrk gS fd 1896 esa gekjs ns'k esa flusek dh 'kq#vkr gqbZA gkykafd blosQ ckn Hkkjrh; flusek osQ fygkt ls dksbZ cgqr oqQN •kl ugha gqvkA Hkkjrh; flusek esa blosQ ckn dh gypy 1911 esa eglwl dh xbZA njvly gqvk ;s fd nknk lkgc iQkyosQ çfl¼ isaVj jktk jfo oekZ osQ fçafVx çsl esa ikVZuj FksA mUgksaus 1911 esa fØlel osQ nkSjku eqacbZ esa çnf'kZr dh xbZ fiQYe ykbiQ vkWiQ ØkbLV ns•hA blosQ ckn mUgksaus r; fd;k fd oks vc fiQYesa cuk,axsA ysfdu ml le; Hkkjr esa fiQYeksa dks cukus dh u rks dksbZ izkS|ksfxdh Fkh] u gh LVwfM;ks vkSj u vU; midj.kA nknk lkgc us bjknk iDdk fd;k vkSj yanu pys x, rkfd ogka fiQYe fuekZ.k lacaèkh ftruh tkudkfj;ka gks ldrh Fkha] oks gkfly djsaA mldh izkS|ksfxdh vkSj e'khuksa osQ ckjs esa tkusaA mls Hkkjr ysdj vk,aA rc flusek cukus osQ {ks=k esa tks dksbZ fodkl gks jgk Fkk] mlesa teZuh lcls vkxs FkkA mUgksaus blosQ fy, vkSj csgrj flusesVksxzkiQh oSQejk fodflr dj fy;k FkkA LVwfM;ks cukdj 'kwfVax djus yxs FksA nwljs muosQ ikl fiQYeksa dh jhy dks èkksus] ,fMV djus vkSj bldh DokfyVh dks csgrj djus okys rduhf'k;u miyCèk FksA oSQls cuh igyh fiQYe yanu esa jgus osQ nkSjku nknk lkgc iQkYosQ fiQYe esfoaQx foèkk ls :&c&: gq,A ogha mudh eqykdkr oqQN teZu rduhf'k;u vkSj bl {ks=k ls tqM+s yksxksa ls gqbZA oks Hkkjr ykSVsA ;s lqfuf'pr djosQ okil vk, fd muosQ ikl teZuh ls oqQN e'khusa vkSj rduhf'k;u vk tk,axsA Hkkjr ykSVdj mUgksaus ns'k dh igyh fiQYe jktk gfj'paæ dh iVdFkk fy•hA 1912 esa teZuh ls mEnk fdLe osQ flusesVksxzkiQh oSQejs] ykbV~l midj.k vkSj vU; t:jh lkeku Hkkjr vk x,A muosQ lkFk oqQN teZu rduhf'k;u Hkh vk,A 21 vçSy 1913 dks bl fiQYe dh 'kwfVax 'kq: gqbZA 'kwfVax osQ ckn bldh jhy teZuh esa èkqyus xbZA mlosQ ckn ogka mldh ,fMfVax gqbZA mlh lky ;s fiQYe eqacbZ osQ vksyafi;k flusek gky esa çnf'kZr gqbZA pwafd fons'kksa esa ewd fiQYeksa dk nkSj 'kq: gks pqdk Fkk] fygktk fons'kksa esa cuh fiQYesa Hkkjr esa çnf'kZr dh tkus yxh FkhaA blosQ fy, eqacbZ esa vksyafi;k flusek gky igys gh 'kq: fd;k tk pqdk FkkA ys•d ofj"B i=kdkj gSa vkSj dyk laLÑfr vkSj fiQYeksa ij fofHkÂ i=kksa vkSj if=kdkvksa esa fy•rs jgrs gSaA bZesy% sanjayratan@gmail.com 45 ;kstuk] twu 2020

'kq#vkrh fiQYesa cM+s cM+s fMLd esa jksy djosQ yxkbZ tkrh FkhaA fiQj flusekgky esa yxs cM+s ewoh çkstsDVj osQ tfj, çnf'kZr djrs FksA ;s çkstsDVj lkeus lisQn inZs ij mu fiQYeksa dks ykbV bisQDV~l osQ tfj, dkiQh cM+k djosQ fn•krs FksA bl çkstsDVj esa dbZ rjg osQ midj.k tqM+s gksrs FksA ftlesa ySal] ykbV biSQDV~l] jhy jksfyax] Mkmtj] 'kVj Hkkjrh; fiQYeksa esa ;wa cnyk xhr&laxhr Hkh vkfn gksrs FksA tks ,d lkFk dke djrs Fks] 'kq#vkrh nkSj esa mi;ksx dh tkus okyh fiQYe dh pkSM+kbZ dkiQh de ;kuh 8 ,e,e dh gksrh Fkh rFkk mlh fglkc ls muosQ çkstsDVj Hkh gksrs FksA ckn esa bu çkstsDVlZ vkSj fiQYe jhy dh DokfyVh lqèkjus yxh] fiQYesa vkSj çkstsDVlZ 08 ,e,e ls 9-5] 16] 35] 70 ,e,e osQ gksrs pys x,A mlh fglkc èo xhr bruk yktokc Fkk fd mlus fiQYeksa dks fgV djk fn;kA tc fiQYedkjksa us ns•k fd Hkkjrh; tuekul esa fiQYeksa esa laxhr dk dkiQh ilan fd;k tk jgk gS] rks gekjh fiQYeksa esa xkus LFkk;h rkSj ij vk x,A tks vc Hkh fiQYeksa dh tku le>s tkrs gSaA gkykafd 'kq#vkr esa fiQYeksa esa tks dykdkj fy, tkrs Fks] oks •qn xkuk Hkh xk;k djrs FksA igyh cksyrh Hkkjrh; fiQYe ^vkye vkjk* (1931) esa 7 xkus j•s x, FksA xkuksa dh yksdfç;rk osQ dkj.k mlh lky vkbZ ^'khjha iQjgkn* esa 42 vkSj fiQj ^baæ lHkk* esa rks vc rd osQ vfèkdre 72 xkus FksA rc ls xhr Hkkjrh; fiQYeksa dk vfHkÂ fgLlk gSa vkSj nqfu;k esa ckWyhoqM dh vyx igpku HkhA vius vki esa Hkkjrh; fiQYesa blhfy, xhr&laxhr osQ lkFk ,dne •kl Hkh gSaA cgqr de yksxksa dks ekywe gksxk fd Hkkjrh; fiQYeksa osQ cuus ls Hkh igys ns'k dk igyk xkuk xkSgj tku us 1902 esa fjdkWMZ fd;k FkkA 40&50 osQ n'kd esa cSdxzkmaM E;qftd dh 'kq#vkr gks pqdh FkhA laxhr dk O;kolk;hdj.k 50 osQ n'kd esa 'kq: gqvkA ml tekus esa fjdkWMZ Iys;j vkSj xzkeksiQksu fjdkWMZ vkrs Fks] tSls gh fjdkWMZ Iys;j ij mls Iys;j esa yxh uksd ls Vp djk;k tkrk rc ?kwers gq, xzkeksiQksu fjdkWMZ ls xkus ctus yxrs Fks fiQj 70 osQ n'kd esa fiQYeksa osQ xkus cM+k fctusl cu x,A 80 osQ n'kd esa ns'k esa Vsi fjdkWMZ osQ oSQlsV us fiQYeh xkuksa osQ O;kolk; esa pkj pkan yxk fn,A tSls gh Vsi fjdkWMZ esa xkuksa osQ oSQlsV yxk, tkrs Fks] oks Iys djus yxrs FksA lgh ek;uksa esa 70 osQ n'kd osQ ckn fiQYeh xkuksa dh fcØh dk ,d u;k nkSj 'kq: gks x;k] tks djksM+ksa dk O;olk; cu x;kA vc rks ;s vjcksa #i, dk cM+k cktkj gSA gkykafd 90 osQ n'kd osQ var rd vkbZ ubZ fMftVy rduhd esa oSQlsV dh txg lhMh vkSj MhohMh us fu fiQYeksa osQ vkus osQ lkFk gh Hkkjrh; fiQYeksa esa xhr laxhr dks •klk egRo feykA dbZ fiQYeksa esa rks laxhr vkSj ys yhA vkSj vc rks xkus baVjusV ij vkuykbu fey tkrs gSaA mUgsa vki vklkuh ls dgha Hkh dHkh Hkh lpZ djosQ Iys dj ldrs gSaA vly esa xkus igys •kl rjg osQ cus lkmaM LVwfM;ks esa vkdZsLVªk osQ lkFk fjdkWMZ fd, tkrs FksA ysfdu vc ubZ rduhd ls laxhr Ý;wtu ns•us dks feyrk gSA fMftVy rduhd us xkuksa osQ E;qftd dks fjdkWMZ djus dh rduhd dks le`¼ fd;k gSA vc ubZ rduhd esa xk;d dgha Hkh cSBdj xkus dk fjdkWMZ dj ldrk gS] mls fiQj laxhr osQ lkFk feDl dj fn;k tkrk gSA ns'k osQ tkus&ekus laxhrdkj ,vkj jgeku T;knkrj ;gh djrs gSaA oks vesfjdk esa jgrs gSaA muosQ ikl laxhr osQ tqM+s vR;kèkqfud midj.k] e'khusa vkSj LVwfM;ks gSa] oks viuk T;knkrj dke ogha ls djrs gSa vkSj ogha cSBdj Hkkjr ls fdlh xk;d dk xkuk vkuykbu fjdkWMZ djosQ mls laxhr ls feDl dj ysrs gSaA nqfu;kHkj esa vktdy ;gh gks jgk gSA vc rks Hkkjrh; fiQYeksa esa vkus okys xkus vkSj laxhr jktLo dk ,d cM+k Ïksr cu x, gSaA bu xkuksa osQ vfèkdkj vyx ls eksVh dher esa fcdrs gSaA fiQYe osQ laxhr vfèkdkj vosQys ,d fiQYe osQ jktLo dk 4&5 iQhlnh rd Hkh gks ldrk gSA eksckby iQksu vkSj LekVZ iQksu us E;qftd baMLVªh osQ fctusl dks vkSj mNky nh gSA blls Hkkjrh; laxhr vkSj etcwr gqvk gSA mlesa vc laxhr vkSj Ý;wtu osQ Lrj ij dgha T;knk ç;ksx Hkh gks jgs gSaA Hkkjrh; ckWyhoqM osQ xhr&laxhr osQ lkFk ,d •kl ;s Hkh gS fd mlesa ijaijkxr Hkkjrh; 'kkÐh; laxhr] ?kjkuksa vkSj yksdlaxhr dk cM+k vkèkkj gSA mls vc ijaijkxr okn~;;a=kksa osQ vykok u, baLVwesaV~l vkSj u, rkSjrjhdksa ls tksM+k tk jgk gSA bl ij fMLdks ls ysdj ikWi] jkWd vkSj fons'kh laxhr dk Hkh çHkko iM+kA fiQYeh xkuksa osQ ckjs esa dgk tkrk jgk gS fd mUgsa cukus esa eksVk iSlk cgk;k tkrk gSA bls vc T;knkrj E;qftd oaQifu;ka vkWuykbu LVªhe djrh gSaA 46 ;kstuk] twu 2020

ls fiQYeh inZs dh pkSMk+bZ Hkh c<+rh xbZA vc vkerkSj ij geyksx tks fiQYesa eYVh LØhu fFk,Vj esa tkdj ns•rs gSa] oks 70 ,e,e osQ fiQYe dh pkSM+kbZ okyh fiQYe ds izk:i esa gksrs gSaA Hkkjrh; fiQYeksa dk 'kq#vkrh nkSj ftu fnuksa nknk lkgc iQkYosQ us viuh 'kq#vkrh fiQYesa cukb±] mu fnuksa fiQYeksa esa èofu izkS|ksfxdh ugha vkbZ FkhA ;s ckn esa vkbZA •Sj igyh fiQYe ls iQkYosQ dks dkiQh ?kkVk gqvkA D;ksafd fiQYe cukus vkSj mUgsa teZuh esa çkslsl djus] fons'kh rduhf'k;u dks cqykus esa cgqr iSls •pZ gq,A mUgksaus blosQ ckn tks nwljh fiQYe cukbZ] oks Hkh vkfFkZd rkSj ij ?kkVs dk lkSnk jghA ysfdu mudh rhljh fiQYe yadk ngu vkfFkZd rkSj ij cgqr liQy jghA rc rd Hkkjr esa u osQoy flusek gky c<+ pqosQ Fks cfYd ?kqearq flusek Hkh fodflr gks pqdk Fkk] ftlesa çkstsDVj vkSj jhy dks ,d txg ls nwljh txg ysdj vkSj lisQn inkZ yxkdj fiQYesa fn•kbZ tkrh FkhaA nknk lkgc iQkYosQ us vius thou esa 20 fiQYesa vkSj 180 y?kq fiQYesa cukb±A tks ml le; osQ fygkt ls cgqr cM+h ckr FkhA D;ksafd rc rd fiQYe 'kwfVax dk leqfpr lsVvi ns'k esa ugha FkkA tc fiQYesa cuus yxha vkSj ;s vkfFkZd rkSj ij liQy gksus yxha rks fiQj fiQYedkjksa dh vyx ih<+h us LVwfM;ks] midj.k vkSj vU; bartkeksa ij è;ku nsuk 'kq: fd;kA 1920 osQ n'kd esa ckcwjko isaVj ,slk djus okys igys 'k[l FksA mUgksaus LVwfM;ks dk lkjk lsVvi •M+k fd;k] ftlesa oSQejk] buMksj 'kwfVax osQ midj.k] tsujsVj] fjiQysDVj vkSj ykbV~l osQ bartke lacaèkh midj.k yxk, x,A Hkkjrh; flusek esa ckn esa lkeus vkus okys oh- 'kkarkjke bUgha ckcwjko dh nsu gSa] ftUgksaus viuk dfj;j muosQ lkFk 'kq: fd;k FkkA Hkkjr ljdkj osQ fiQYe çHkkx dh fdrkc bafM;u flusek yqfoaQx cSd dgrh gS fd 1926 ls ns'k esa cM+s LVwfM;ks dks LFkkfir djus dk dke 'kq: gks pqdk FkkA 30 osQ n'kd osQ vkrs&vkrs LVwfM;ks flLVe etcwr gksus yxk FkkA ewd fiQYeksa dk nkSj xqtjk vkSj vk xbZ vkokt Hkkjr esa ns•rs gh ns•rs dkiQh ewd fiQYesa cuus yxh FkhaA fiQYe çHkkx dh ,d fdrkc fiQYe bafM;k yqfoaQx cSd 1896&1960 osQ vuqlkj] Hkkjr esa oqQy 1268 ewd fiQYesa cuhaA 'kq#vkrh nkSj esa flusek izkS|ksfxdh rsth ls cny jgh FkhA u osQoy oSQejs csgrj djus dh dok;n tkjh Fkh cfYd fiQYeksa dks çnf'kZr djus okys çkstsDVlZ dks mEnk cukus ij dke tkjh FkkA 1930 osQ n'kd osQ 'kq: esa fo'o flusek esa fiQj ,d ubZ gypy iSnk gqbZA ;s Fkh flusek dks èofu ;kfu vkokt osQ lkFk tksM+us dhA 1930 esa ;s izkS|ksfxdh fodflr dj yh xbZA oks izkS|ksfxdh cgqr rsth osQ lkFk Hkkjr Hkh igqaphA ysfdu ns'k esa vc Hkh fiQYeksa osQ fuekZ.k dk T;knkrj dke fons'kh rduhf'k;uksa vkSj ySCl osQ tfj, gh py jgk FkkA lkmaM osQ lkFk nwljh izkS|ksfxdh Hkh cnyh 1931 esa Hkkjr esa igyh cksyrh gqbZ fiQYe cuhA bldk uke Fkk vkye vkjkA ;s fiQYe vkn'kZj bZjkuh us cukbZ FkhA ;s Hkkjrh; flusek esa ,d cM+h Økafr lkfcr gqbZA blls Hkkjr esa nwljh Hkk"kkvksa esa Hkh fiQYe cukus dh igy 'kq: gqbZA T;knkrj flusek?kj cuus dh 'kq#vkr gqbZA fiQYeksa dk fctusl Hkh Nykax ekjus yxkA ysfdu fiQYeksa esa èofu dh izkS|ksfxdh dk vkuk dkiQh •phZyk FkkA blosQ vkus osQ lkFk gh fiQj nwljh tqM+h gqbZ izkS|ksfxdh Hkh cnyhA elyu çkstsDVj osQ lkFk èofu dh O;oLFkk dks tksM+us dk dke 'kq: gqvkA fiQj ftu fiQYe jhy ls ;s 'kwfVax gksrh FkhA mUgha esa lkmaM VªSd dks tksM+ fn;k x;kA fiNys 6&7 n'kdksa esa fiQYeksa dh lkmaM izkS|ksfxdh ij cgqr dke gqvk gSA vc vkerkSj ij fMftVy MksYch lkmaM flLVe dk ç;ksx gksrk gSA mlls T;knk csgrj lkmaM bisQDV~l iSnk fd, tk ldrs gSaA 1934 esa vkn'kZj bZjkuh us uwjtgka uke ls ,d fiQYe cukbZ] tks mUgksaus fgUnh vkSj vaxzsth lesr ukS Hkk"kkvksa esa Mc dhA gkykafd vHkh rd Hkkjrh; fiQYesa CySd ,aM OgkbV ;kfu 'osr vkSj ';ke gh cu jgh Fkha ysfdu fiQYeksa dk ,d iwjk cktkj rS;kj gks pqdk FkkA 30 osQ n'kd ls ysdj 70 osQ n'kd rd Hkkjr esa fiQYeksa dh 'kwfVax osQ nkSjku èofu osQ •kl çHkko bLrseky djus osQ fy, nslh rjhdksa dk bLrseky gksrk FkkA blosQ ckn tc lkmaM izkS|ksfxdh esa fodkl gksuk 'kq: gqvk rks dke vklku gks x;kA vc rks fMftVy izkS|ksfxdh us lcoqQN cgqr vklku gks pqdk gSA mldh enn ls fiQYeksa esa uk tkus fdrus gh rjg osQ lkmaM bisQDV~l iSnk fd, tk ldrs gSaA oSQls gksrh Fkh igys fiQYeksa dh ,MhfVax vkSj vc D;k vk;k cnyko fiQYeksa dh ,fMfVax dk dke Hkh igys ,uykx gksrk Fkk] ftldks eSU;qvy dgk tkrk FkkA mlesa ,MhfVax e'khuksa osQ lkFk oSQejksa osQ jksy tqM+s gksrs FksA mUgsa pykdj ckj ckj ns•k tkrk Fkk vkSj fiQj dkVdj tksM+k tkrk FkkA ;s cgqr eqf'dy vkSj le; ysus okyk dke FkkA blesa vDlj 'kwfVx osQ fy, cgqr T;knk jhYl dk bLrseky dj fy;k tkrk FkkA tc oks ,fMfVax Vscy ij tkrh Fkha rks dbZ ckj budh ,MhfVax esa gh eghuksa yx tkrs FksA Hkkjr esa lgh ek;uksa esa fiQYe ,MhfVax dk dke 50 osQ n'kd esa gksus yxk FkkA ysfdu rc Hkh dbZ fiQYedkj blosQ fy, vDlj fons'kh ,DliVZ vkSj rduhf'k;u ij vkfJr FksA gkykafd oaQI;qVj vkSj fMftVy izkS|ksfxdh dk vkxeu oqQN Lrj ij 80 vkSj 90 osQ n'kd ls gksus yxk FkkA blls fiQYe ,fMfVax dh izkS|ksfxdh cny xbZ vkSj dgha T;knk vklku gks xbZA vc fiQYeksa dh ,fMfVax iwjh rjg ls fMftVy vkèkkfjr vkSj cgqr mEnk fdLe dh gksrh gS] blesa de le; yxrk gS vkSj DokfyVh vkSj vpwdrk ls Lrj ij ;s T;knk ijisQD'ku osQ lkFk ,fMV gksrh gSaA ,fMfVax osQ fy, nqfu;kHkj esa reke rjg osQ csgrjhu lkWÝVos;j 47 ;kstuk] twu 2020

fiQj vk;k Hkkjrh; flusek dk Lof.kZe nkSj 70 osQ n'kd osQ ckn fiQYeksa dh çLrqfr vkSj izkS|ksfxdh nksuksa ij cgqr dke gqvk gSA 60 osQ n'kd esa Hkkjrh; fiQYeksa esa LVkjMe dk nkSj 'kq: gqvkA tks c<+rk pyk x;kA 60 osQ n'kd osQ vkf•j vkSj 70osQ n'kd esa cuh dbZ fiQYesa bruh fgV jgh gSa fd mUgksaus èkwe epk nhA dgk tk ldrk gS fd 60 osQ n'kd osQ ckn dk nkSj Hkkjrh; fiQYeksa dk Lof.kZe nkSj jgkA fiQj izkS|ksfxdh ls vkus yxk cnyko gkykafd cnyko Hkh •wc gqvk gSA 90 osQ n'kd rd tks flaxy flusek fFk,Vj viuh HkO;rk osQ fy, çfl¼ Fks] oks can gksus yxsA vc ns'kHkj esa mudh txg eYVhLØhu fFk,VlZ ys pqosQ gSaA cMs+ 'kgjksa esa vkerkSj ij flaxy flusek?kjksa ij rkys yVd x, gSaA 70&80 osQ n'kd esa Hkkjrh; flusek esa lekukarj flusek us nLrd nh Fkh] ftlesa de ctV dh vkSj vFkZiw.kZ fiQYesa cukbZ tkrh FkhaA vc esuLVªhe flusek esa gj rjg dh fiQYesa 'kkfey gSa] D;ksafd muosQ fy, ,d çpqj cktkj vkSj cM+s iSekus ij ns•us okys yksx gSaA eYVhIysDl us de ctV dh fiQYeksa vkSj muosQ fiQYedkjksa osQ fy, vc cM+s volj iSnk fd;s gSaA vc fMftVy izkS|ksfxdh dk nkSj fiQYeksa osQ fMftVy gksus ls Hkh fiQYeksa dh oqQy ykxr de gks xbZ gSA fMfLVªC;w'ku ij vc de •+pkZ gksrk gSA fiQYe LØhfuax Hkh de •phZyh gks xbZ gSA gekjs ns'k esa eksVs rkSj ij 13 gtkj LØhUl gSaA fi+QYeksa dh igqap Hkh ikap xquk T+;knk c<+ xbZ gSA blfy, fiQYe dh liQyrk osQoy ctV ij fuHkZj ugha djrhA vc ,d txg cSBdj fMftVy izkS|ksfxdh ls gtkjksa fFk,VlZ esa ,dlkFk fiQYe fn•kbZ tk ldrh gSA cfYd vc rks lsVsykbV osQ tfj, Hkh yksx vius ?kjksa esa cSBdj ubZ fiQYesa fjyht gksrs gh ns• ldrs gSaA mUgsa cl lsVsykbV jkbV~l •jhnus osQ Dyc esa 'kkfey gksuk iM+rk gS vkSj oqQN T;knk jde Hkqxrku djuh gksrh gSA dekbZ csrgk'kk c<+h ubZ izkS|ksfxdh vkSj eYVhLØhu esa fiQYeksa dh dekbZ Hkh csrgk'kk c<h gSA fgUnh dh fiQYesa vc 100 djksM+ ls ysdj 500 djksM+ dh dekbZ vklkuh ls dj Mkyrh gSaA fiQYeksa osQ jkbV~l fons'kksa rd esa eksVh dher esa fcdus yxs gSaA oSQejksa dh izkS|ksfxdh cny xbZ gSA vc egaxh oSQejk jhy dh t:jr ugha gSA lcoqQN fMftVy oSQejksa osQ tfj, cxSj jhy osQ 'kwV gksrk gSA vktdy fiQYesa gkbZ MsfiQus'ku esa NksVs fMftVy ,l,yvkj oSQejk osQ lkFk 'kwV gks tkrh gSaA gkykafd fiQYe 'kwfVax osQ fy, gkbZ fMiQfu'ku osQ cgqr egaxs vkSj vkèkqfud rjhosQ osQ oSQejksa dk Hkh bLrseky fd;k tkus yxk gSA fiQYeksa dh cM+h izkS|ksfxdh •kl oaQI;qVj e'khuksa osQ tfj, laHko gks xbZ gSA tgka ,d lkFk ,fMfVax] lkmaM] Lis'ky bisQDV~l ij csgrj rjhosQ ls dke fd;k tkus yxk gSA gkykafd dksjksuk ok;jl tSlh egkekjh osQ lkFk flusek dh vxyh nkSj dh izkS|ksfxdh nLrd ns jgh gSA tgka fiQYesa usVfiQYDl] çkbe ohfM;ks] gkVLVkj tSls vkuykbu fFk,Vj osQ :>ku dks yksdfç; dj jgh gSaA laHko gS fd vc vkus okys le; esa fiQYeksa dk çn'kZu vkuykbu IysViQkeZ ;k lsVsykbV~l osQ tfj, lhèks vkiosQ ySiVki vkSj LekVZ Vhoh ij gksA fuf'pr rkSj ij vki bls cnyrs gq, ns• jgs gksaxs vkSj cgqr tYnh eYVh fFk,VlZ Hkh chrs tekus dh ckr yxus yxsaA n Hkkjrh; varjjk"Vªh; fiQYeksRlo ds 50 o"kZ miyCèk gSaA ,fMfVax osQ le; gh fiQYeksa esa vc Lis'ky biSQDV~l iSnk djus dk dke Hkh c•wch gksrk gSA tks 70&80 osQ n'kd rd Hkh ugha lkspk tk ldrk Fkk] oks vc ubZ izkS|ksfxdh dh otg ls laHko gks x;k gSA Hkkjrh; fiQYeksa esa bldk •wc bLrseky Hkh gks jgk gSA gkykafd ;s dkiQh •phZyk gSA ckgqcfy tSlh esxk fgV fiQYe esa T;knkrj dke 'kwfVax osQ ckn ,fMfVax Vscy ij Lis'ky bisQDV~l osQ tfj, fd;k x;kA 1937 esa vkbZ fdlku dU;k osQ lkFk jaxhu fiQYeksa dk nkSj 'kq: gqvk 1937 esa Hkkjrh; fiQYeksa esa ,d vkSj ubZ Økafr vkbZA fiQYe fdlku dU;k osQ lkFk jaxhu fiQYeksa dk nkSj 'kq: gqvk] tks vc rd tkjh gSA gkykafd igys dh dyj fiQYeksa esa oks ckr ugha Fkh tks vc gksrh gSA mldh otg izkS|ksfxdh dh cM+h Nykax Hkh gSA 1940 dk n'kd Hkkjrh; fiQYeksa esa izkS|ksfxdh] fuekZ.k] n{krk] dgkuh osQ fygkt ls cM+s cnyko dk ;qx lkfcr gqvkA fuekZrk] funZs'kd] oSQejkeSu] laxhrdkj] vfHkusrk] vfHkus=kh] dykdkj] rduhf'k;u] ys•d vkSj ;wfuV osQ çcaèku ls tqM+s fo'ks"kK yksx lkeus vkus yxs vkSj+ lkFk feydj dke djus yxsA blh nkSjku cM+s LVwfM;ks dk vly esa dkalSIV Hkh vkdkj ysus yxkA fiQYeksa esa dke djus okyksa dks osru feyrk Fkk] tks ckn esa dkaVªSDV flLVe gks x;kA yksxksa dh #fp yxkrkj fiQYesa ns•us esa c<+ jgh FkhA çHkkr LVwfM;ks] ckacs Vkdht U;w fFk,VlZ ml nkSj osQ cM+s LVwfM;ks FksA rc gj rjg dh fiQYeksa osQ fuekZ.k dk dke 'kq: gqvkA ;kfu xaHkhj] lans'k nsus okyh] ikSjkf.kd] èkkfeZd] euksjatd] ,sfrgkfld vkSj ns'kçse ls tqM+h fiQYesaA 50 osQ n'kd esa teus yxs Hkkjrh; fiQYe m|ksx osQ iSj 50 osQ n'kd osQ chrrs chrrs Hkkjrh; fiQYe m|ksx esa oh] 'kkarkjke] Úsat vksLVu] egcwc •ku] nkeys] psru vkuan] [oktk vgen vCckl] lksgjkc eksnh tSls fiQYedkj tqM+ x,A ogha caxky esa lR;thr jk; cM+s fiQYedkj osQ rkSj ij igpku cuk jgs Fks psÂbZ esa Hkh vyx {ks=kh; fiQYe m|ksx iSj tek jgk FkkA ckn esa jktdiwj vkSj vU; fiQYedkj Hkh ckWyhoqM fiQYedkjksa dh tekr esa 'kkfey gq,A 60 dk n'kd vkrs vkrs Hkkjr esa gj {ks=kh; Hkk"kk esa i;kZIr fiQYesa cuus yxha FkhaA ns'kHkj esa flusek?kjksa dk latky fcN pqdk FkkA fiQYeksa osQ fMªLVªhC;w'ku dk ra=k fodflr gks pqdk FkkA rc fiQYesa eqacbZ esa fjyht gksrh FkhaA fiQj oks cM+h cM+h isfV;ksa esa dbZ fMLd jhYl osQ lkFk ns'kHkj osQ fMLVªhC;wVlZ osQ ikl Hkst nh tkrh FkhaA fMLVªhC;wVlZ mUgsa vius {ks=k osQ flusek?kjksa esa fn•kus osQ fy, nsrs FksA 60&70 osQ n'kd esa ,d fiQYe dh dbZ dkWfi;ka cuus yxh FkhaA gkykafd oks vkt osQ eqdkcys oqQN ugha gSA 48 ;kstuk] twu 2020

Hkkjr oSKkfud çdk'ku okys ns'kksa esa rhljs LFkku ij v }kjk lapkfyr gS vkSj oSKkfud çdk'kuksa us ns'k dks varjjk‘ªh; Lrj ij 'kh"kZ LFkkuksa esa yk fn;k gSA Hkkjr oSKkfud çdk'ku okys ns'kksa dh lwph esa rhljs LFkku ij vk x;k gSA ;g foKku vkSj çkS|ksfxdh foHkkx (Mh,lVh) osQ rgr vkus okys jk‘ªh; foKku vkSj çkS|ksfxdh çcaèku lwpuk (,u,lVh,evkbZ,l) }kjk jk‘ªh; foKku vkSj çkS|ksfxdh loZs{k.k 2018 ij vkèkkfjr vuqlaèkku vkSj fodkl lkaf[;dh rFkk laosQrd 2019&20 osQ vuqlkj gSA ¶jk‘ª osQ fy, vuqlaèkku vkSj fodkl laosQrdksa ij fjiksVZ mPp f'k{kk] vuqlaèkku vkSj fodkl xfrfofèk;ksa vkSj leFkZu] ckSf¼d laink vkSj vkS|ksfxd çfrLièkkZ esa çek.k&vkèkkfjr uhfr fuèkkZj.k vkSj fu;kstu osQ fy, vlkèkkj.k :i ls egRoiw.kZ nLrkost gSA ,u,l,iQ MsVkcsl (vkèkkjHkwr vkadM+s) osQ vuqlkj] fjiksVZ ls irk pyrk gS fd çdk'ku esa o`f¼ osQ lkFk] ns'k fo'o Lrj ij rhljs LFkku ij igqap x;k gS rFkk lkFk gh foKku vkSj çkS|ksfxdh osQ ih,pMh esa Hkh rhljs uacj ij vk x;k gSA 2000 osQ ckn çfr fefy;u vkcknh ij 'kksèkdrkZvksa dh la[;k nksxquh gks xbZ gSA ;g fjiksVZ rkfydk vkSj xzki+Q osQ ekè;e ls foKku vkSj çkS|ksfxdh laosQrdksa osQ fofHkÂ buiqV&vkmViqV osQ vkèkkj ij ns'k osQ vuqlaèkku vkSj fodkl ifjn`'; dks fn•krk gSA ;s ljdkjh vkSj futh {ks=k }kjk jk‘ªh; vuqlaèkku vkSj fodkl esa fuos'k] vuqlaèkku vkSj fodkl osQ fuos'kksa ls lacafèkr gS_ vFkZO;oLFkk osQ lkFk vuqlaèkku vkSj fodkl dk lacaèk (thMhih)] foKku vkSj çkS|ksfxdh esa ukekadu] vuqlaèkku vkSj fodkl esa yxk ekuo Je] foKku vkSj çkS|ksfxdh dfeZ;ksa dh la[;k] dkxtkr çdkf'kr] isVsaV vkSj mudh varjjk‘ªh; foKku vkSj çkS|ksfxdh rqyukvksa ls tqM+k gqvk gSA bl loZs{k.k esa ns'kHkj esa iSQys osQaæ ljdkj] jkT; ljdkjksa] mPp f'k{kk] lkoZtfud {ks=k osQ m|ksx vkSj futh {ks=k osQ m|ksx ls lacafèkr fofHkÂ {ks=kksa osQ 6800 ls vfèkd foKku vkSj çkS|ksfxdh laLFkkvksa dks 'kkfey fd;k x;k vkSj 90 çfr'kr ls vfèkd çfrfØ;k nj çkIr dj fy;k x;k FkkA fjiksVZ osQ oqQN eq[; fu"d"kZ fuEufyf•r gSa% y vuqlaèkku vkSj fodkl (vkj ,aM Mh) esa Hkkjr dk ldy O;; o"kZ 2008 ls 2018 osQ nkSjku c<+dj rhu xquk gks x;k gSA y ns'k esa vuqlaèkku vkSj fodkl (vkj ,aM Mh) (thbZvkjMh) ij ldy O;; fiNys oqQN o"kks± ls yxkrkj c<+ jgk gS vkSj ;g foÙkh; o"kZ 2007&08 osQ 39]437-77 djksM+ #i;s ls djhc rhu xquk c<+dj foÙkh; o"kZ 2017&18 esa 1]13]825-03 djksM+ #i;s gks x;k gSA y Hkkjr dk çfr O;fDr vuqlaèkku vkSj fodkl (vkj ,aM Mh) O;; foÙkh; o"kZ 2017&18 esa c<+dj 47-2 MkWyj gks x;k gS tcfd ;g foÙkh; o"kZ 2007&08 esa 29-2 MkWyj ihihih gh FkkA y foÙkh; o"kZ 2017&18 esa Hkkjr us vius ldy ?kjsyw mRikn (thMhih) dk 0-7 çfr'kr gh vuqlaèkku vkSj fodkl (vkj ,aM Mh) ij O;; fd;k] tcfd vU; fodkl'khy fczDl ns'kksa uqlaèkku vkSj fodkl esa Hkkjr dk ldy O;; 2008 ls 2018 osQ chp c<+dj rhu xquk gks x;k gS tks eq[; :i ls ljdkj esa 'kkfey czkthy us 1-3 çfr'kr] :lh la?k us 1-1 çfr'kr] phu us 2-1 çfr'kr vkSj nf{k.k vÚhdk us 0-8 çfr'kr fd;kA osQaæh; foKku vkSj çkS|ksfxdh laLFkkvksa }kjk ckgjh vuqlaèkku vkSj fodkl (vkj ,aM Mh) dk leFkZu dkiQh c<+ x;k gS y foÙkh; o"kZ 2016&17 osQ nkSjku Mh,lVh vkSj MhchVh tSls nks çeq• foHkkxksa us ns'k esa oqQy ckgjh vuqlaèkku vkSj fodkl (vkj ,aM Mh) osQ leFkZu esa Øe'k% 63 çfr'kr vkSj 14 çfr'kr dk ;ksxnku fn;kA y ljdkj }kjk foKku vkSj çkS|ksfxdh {ks=k esa fy, x, dbZ igy osQ dkj.k ckgjh vuqlaèkku vkSj fodkl (vkj ,aM Mh) ifj;kstukvksa esa efgykvksa dh Hkkxhnkjh foÙkh; o"kZ 2000&01 osQ 13 çfr'kr ls c<+dj foÙkh; o"kZ 2016&17 esa 24 çfr'kr gks x;kA y 1 vçSy 2018 rd ns'k esa iSQys vuqlaèkku vkSj fodkl (vkj ,aM Mh) çfr’kuksa esa yxHkx 5-52 yk• deZpkjh dk;Zjr FksA o"kZ 2000 ls çfr fefy;u vkcknh esa 'kksèkdrkZvksa dh la[;k c<+dj nksxquh gks xbZ gSA y Hkkjr esa çfr fefy;u vkcknh ij 'kksèkdrkZvksa dh la[;k c<+dj o"kZ 2017 esa 255 gks x;k tcfd ;gh o"kZ 2015 esa 218 vkSj 2000 esa 110 FkkA y Hkkjr foKku vkSj vfHk;kaf=kdh (,l ,aM bZ) esa ih,pMh çkIr djus okys ns'kksa esa vesfjdk (2016 esa 39]710 djksM+ #i;s) vkSj phu (2015 esa 34]440 djksM+ #i;s) osQ ckn rhljs LFkku ij vk x;k gSA ,u,l,iQ MsVkcsl osQ vuqlkj Hkkjr oSKkfud çdk'ku okys ns'kksa dh lwph esa rhljs LFkku ij vk x;k gSA y o"kZ 2018 osQ nkSjku] Hkkjr dks oSKkfud çdk'ku osQ {ks=k esa ,u,l,iQ] ,llhvksih;wl vkSj ,llhvkbZ MsVkcsl osQ vuqlkj Øe'k% rhljk] ikaposa vkSj ukSosa LFkku ij j•k x;k FkkA y o"kZ 2011&2016 osQ nkSjku] ,llhvksih;wl vkSj ,llhvkbZ MsVkcsl osQ vuqlkj Hkkjr esa oSKkfud çdk'ku dh o`f¼ nj Øe'k% 8-4 çfr'kr vkSj 6-4 çfr'kr Fkh] tcfd fo'o dk vkSlr Øe'k% 1-9 çfr'kr vkSj 3-7 çfr'kr FkkA y oSf'od 'kksèk çdk'ku vkmViqV esa Hkkjr dh fgLlsnkjh çdk'ku MsVkcsl esa Hkh fn•kbZ ns jgh gSA fo'o esa jsftMsaV isVsaV iQkbfyax xfrfofèk osQ ekeys esa Hkkjr 9 osa LFkku ij gSA y foÙkh; o"kZ 2017&18 osQ nkSjku Hkkjr esa oqQy 47]854 isVsaV ntZ fd, x, Fks] ftlesa ls 15]550 (32 çfr'kr) isVsaV Hkkjrh; }kjk nk;j fd, x, FksA y Hkkjr esa nk;j fd, x, isVsaV vkosnuksa esa eSosQfudy (;kaf=kdh)] osQfedy (jlk;fud)] oaQI;wVj@bysDVªkWfuDl vkSj dE;qfuosQ'ku (lapkj) tSls fo"k;ksa dk opZLo jgkA y MCY;wvkbZihvks osQ vuqlkj] Hkkjr dk isVsaV dk;kZy; fo'o osQ 'kh"kZ 10 isVsaV nkf•y djus okys dk;kZy;ksa esa 7 osa LFkku ij gSA n lzksr% www.dst.gov.in 49 ;kstuk] twu 2020

fdlku dY;k.k Ñf"k mit O;kikj iksVZy bZ&uke IysViQkWeZ osQ lkFk ,dhÑr eafM;ksa dh la[;k 1000 gqbZ &uke IysViQkWeZ esa vc 18 jkT;ksa vkSj 3 osQaæ 'kkflr çns'kksa dh 1000 eafM;ka gSaA 15 ebZ 2020 dks 38 vkSj ubZ eafM;ksa dks bZ&uke IysViQkWeZ osQ lkFk ,dhÑr fd;k x;k] ftlosQ ifj.kkeLo:i fu;ksftr y{; osQ vuqlkj 415 eafM;ksa dh ,d vkSj miyfCèk gkfly gqbZA igys pj.k esa 585 eafM;ksa dh lexz liQyrk osQ lkFk nwljs pj.k esa 415 ubZ eafM;ksa dks ,dhÑr djus osQ fy, bZ&uke dk vkSj foLrkj fd;k x;kA y?kq Ñ"kd Ñf"k O;olk; la?k (,l,iQ,lh)] Ñf"k vkSj fdlku dY;k.k ea=kky; osQ rRokoèkku esa bZ&uke dks ykxw djus osQ fy, çeq• ,tsalh gSA jk‘ªh; Ñf"k cktkj (bZ&uke)] ,d vf•y Hkkjrh; bysDVªkWfud VªsfMax iksVZy gS ftldk mn~?kkVu 14 vçSy 2016 dks çèkkuea=kh] Jh ujsUæ eksnh }kjk ,d vkWuykbu ekdZsV IysVi+QkWeZ osQ :i esa ekStwnk eafM;ksa dks usVofd±x djus osQ mís'; ls fd;k x;k FkkA ftlls Hkkjr esa Ñf"k ftalksa osQ fy, ^,d jk‘ª ,d cktkj* dk fuekZ.k gks losQA Hkkjr ljdkj dh ;g fMftVy igy] lHkh ,ih,elh lacafèkr lwpuk vkSj lsokvksa osQ fy, ,dy f•M+dh lsok çnku djrh gS] ftlesa Ñf"k ftalksa dk vkxeu] xq.koÙkk ij•] çfrLièkhZ cksyh çLrko vkSj bysDVªkWfud Hkqxrku lhèks fdlkuksa osQ •krksa esa] 'kkfey gSaA ;g vkWuykbu fMftVy cktkj ysunsu dh ykxr dks de djus] lwpuk fo"kerk dks nwj djus ,oa fdlkuksa vkSj vU; fgrèkkjdksa osQ fy, cktkj igqap osQ foLrkj esa enn djuk gSA fiNys 4 o"kks± esa bZ&uke us 1-66 djksM+ fdlkuksa] 1-31 yk• O;kikfj;ksa] 73151 deh'ku ,tsaVksa vkSj 1012 ,iQihvks dks mi;ksxdrkZ vkèkkj ij iathÑr fd;k gSA 14 ebZ 2020 rd] oqQy 3-43 djksM+ ehfVªd Vu vkSj 38-16 yk• uacjksa (ckal vkSj ukfj;y) dh oqQy ek=kk us lkewfgd :i ls bZ&uke IysVi+QkWeZ ij 1 yk• djksM+ #i;s osQ mYys•uh; dkjksckj dks ikj dj fy;k gSA orZeku esa] •k|kUu] frygu] js'ks] lfCt;ksa vkSj iQyksa lfgr 150 oLrqvksa dk O;kikj bZ&uke ij fd;k tkrk gSA dksfoM&19 ykWdMkmu ladV osQ dkj.k fdlkuksa dks gksus okyh dfBukb;ksa dk lekèkku djus osQ fy,] 2 vçSy 2020 dks osQaæh; Ñf"k vkSj fdlku dY;k.k ea=kh ekuuh; Jh ujsaæ flag rksej us bZ&uke osQ 3 u, ekWM~;wy ykWUp fd,A 1- bZ&uke ij ,siQihvks ekWM~;wy% ;g ekWM~;wy ,iQihvks dks vius laxzg osQaæksa tks ¶MhEM ekdZsV** ;k ¶lc ekdZsV ;kMZ** osQ :i esa ?kksf"kr gSa] muls Ñf"k ftalksa osQ O;kikj dk lapkyu djus esa l{ke cukrk gSA vc rd] bZ&uke IysViQkWeZ ij 1012 ,iQihvks iathÑr gSa] vkSj 8-11 djksM+ #i;s ewY; dh 3053 ehfVªd Vu Ñf"k&mit dk dkjksckj fd;k gSA buesa gky gh esa 'kq: fd, x, ,iQihvks ekWM~;wy osQ ekè;e ls 42 ,iQihvks us vius Lo;a osQ laxzg osQaæ ls dkjksckj fd;kA 2- os;jgkml vkèkkfjr (bysDVªkWfud fuxksf'k,cy os;jgkml jlhnsa&eNWR) VªsfMax% os;jgkml vkèkkfjr (eNWR) VªsfMax osQ fy,] vkaèkz çns'k ,oa rsyaxkuk jkT;ksa us MCY;wMhvkj, (WDRA) jftLVMZ Øe'k% 23 ,oa 14 osQaæh; HkaMkj.k fuxe (CWC) osQ xksnkeksa dks ,d lerqY; cktkj ?kksf"kr fd;k gSA jktLFkku ljdkj us gky gh esa 138 jkT; ljdkj vkSj lgdkjh xksnkeksa dks mi cktkj ;kMZ ?kksf"kr fd;k gSA eè; çns'k] mÙkj çns'k] xqtjkr vkSj iatkc us xksnke vkèkkfjr O;kikj dks lqfoèkktud cukus osQ fy, vius lacafèkr ,ih,elh vfèkfu;e esa la'kksèku 'kq: fd;k gSA 3- ykWftfLVd ekWM~;wy% ;g Ñf"k ftalksa dks •sr ls eafM;ksa vkSj eafM;ksa ls xksnke@miHkksx osQaæksa rd ys tkus dh lqfoèkk çnku djrk gSA 2-3 yk• VªkaliksVZlZ vkSj 11-37 yk• okguksa ls tqM+s ukS ykWftfLVd lfoZl çksokbMj@,xzhxsVj bZ&uke IysViQkWeZ ls tqM+ x, gSaA 1 ebZ 2020 dks] vkjbZ,e,l&;w,eih {(ReMS –UMP);wfuiQkbM ekdZsV iksVZy} vkSj bZ&uke iksVZy osQ chp varj&lapkyu 'kq: fd;k x;k FkkA bl u, ekWM~;wy esa dukZVd osQ vkjbZ,e,l&;w,eih vkSj bZ&uke IysViQkWeZ ij fdlku vkSj O;kikjh baVj&IysViQkWeZ VªsM@O;kikj dj ldrs gSaA varj&ifjpkyu lqfoèkkvksa vkSj blosQ foijhr dk mi;ksx djosQ O;kikj osQ fy, vkSj vfèkd cktkjksa rd igqap cukus osQ fy, ;g igy enn djsxhA bZ&uke osQ ;s Økafrdkjh dne fuf'pr :i ls fdlkuksa] O;kikfj;ksa vkSj eafM;ksa dks lkewfgd :i ls ,dtqV gksdj ,d bdkbZ osQ :i esa dk;Z djus ,oa jk‘ª dks vkWuykbu fcØh vkSj Ñf"k&•jhn dh fn'kk esa bZ&uke iksVZy osQ ekè;e ls vkxs ys tkus esa ennxkj lkfcr gksaxs vkSj bls ,d jk‘ª ,d cktkj y{; dh fn'kk esa vkSj etcwr djsaxsA n bZ lzksr % i=k lwpuk dk;kZy; 50 ;kstuk] twu 2020

Kurukshetra Magazine 2020

Kurukshetra Magazine 2020

Presentation Transcript

SRS Lotus Green City Kurukshetra | Call 09999561111

What House Magazine - Property Magazine

Magazine ideas

Magazine Drafts

Top Magazine

Magazine

BLACKOUT MAGAZINE

BLACKOUT MAGAZINE

KURUKSHETRA UNIVERSITY, KURUKSHETRA Model e-Lesson Plan (session 2014-15)

Magazine

Magazine Analysis: Be-Mag Skate magazine

Shreemad Bhagwat Katha in Kurukshetra, Haryana

Pure & Eco Magazine | Organic Magazine India | Green Magazine India

Digital Magazine Publishing Market 2016-2020

magazine

Best SEO company in Kurukshetra

Heartfulness Magazine - January 2020 (Volume 5, Issue 1)

Confluence 2020 Magazine

2020 03-The-business-tycoons-magazine-Mar-2020

KURUKSHETRA MAGAZINE FOR UPSC

Kurukshetra Magazine 2020

Magazine Advertisement Design - Magazine Advert Design