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1. Camera 2. Shooting Interviews 3. Shooting B-roll 4. Editing. Camera. Camera Menu Focus Camera vs. VTR Zoom Tripod Camera Stance Care Microphones. Zoom Mic Input Headphone Input Manual Focus 3-Chip www.bhphoto.com. Camera Kit Mini-DV Camera Tripod
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1. Camera2. Shooting Interviews3. Shooting B-roll 4. Editing
Camera • Camera • Menu • Focus • Camera vs. VTR • Zoom • Tripod • Camera Stance • Care • Microphones
Zoom Mic Input Headphone Input Manual Focus 3-Chip www.bhphoto.com Camera Kit Mini-DV Camera Tripod Wireless Lavaliere Microphone XLR to Mini XLR to XLR Firewire-check size Mini-DV Tape Cameras
Sound Bite Emotion Opinion :06-:15 Interview Chunk
Getting Good Bites • Nervous People • Childhood, hobbies • Avoid topics strangers talk about • Get facts beforehand • Location matters • Sit before stand
No close-ended questions • Waste tape • Rephrase question • Silence reveals
Shooting the Interview • Eye-level with lens • Spell and say name • Sit close to lens • Look at you, not camera • Videographer invisible • Don’t allow person to hold the mic • Avoid talking during interview
Get video of interview Use lav/clip mic Use tripod Reporter should not be in shot Tips
Headroom Forehead shots okay Watch to make room for supers or titles Noseroom Distance between tip of nose and edge of video frame Chin Depth Framing the Interview
Lighting Your Subject • Light source in front of subject • Sun in eyes • No windows • Close blinds • Shoot window out of frame • Desk lights • Light when possible
Presidential Debate • 3000 Americans • More than 2.6 million viewers • 18-34 highest viewership in cable news history • Questions • http://uk.youtube.com/watch?v=-0BPnnvI47Q • http://uk.youtube.com/watch?v=ZqrpjLZJVu4&eurl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww%2Eyoutube%2Ecom%2Fdebates • http://uk.youtube.com/debates
Shooting Interview Exercise • Partner up
Video • TV • Spot news or mini-newscasts • Newspapers • Features • http://video.on.nytimes.com/?fr_story=cb13326d3b69e2de7b460608ca8fda26d941eb85 • Slideshows • Chunks or montages • http://www.madison.com/wsj/projects/hiphop/index.html
Narration (fill in the gap with pictures) • Hurricane Katrina http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/video/2005/09/08/VI2005090800949.html • Florida tornado http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/6324985.stm
WSJ • http://www.beet.tv/2007/03/the_newsroom_of.html • http://link.brightcove.com/services/player/bcpid1119166902
Online Publisher’s Association • Fastest growing part of news organizations • Peak hours • 5pm-11pm, 8am – 5 pm • News/Current Events Videos • #1 (sports highlights) • Ideal Length • 1-2 minutes • 3-5 minutes • 2.7 minutes • Most watch it in its entirety • 54% shoot video, 11% upload • Male, 18-49, single
Make a Promise • Tell them what they are going to get, and where they are going • Date/Time Stamp • Movie Icon • Raw Video • http://www.keyt.com/news/local/6647267.html?linkSource=edhat.com
Raw • Passive shooting • Let them experience the news • Unfolding events • http://www.i-am-bored.com/bored_link.cfm?link_id=16220
Other trends • Video Letters to the Editor • http://video.on.nytimes.com/?fr_story=54a96b0d367da6ce96eb1401f0e127f76688ddd6
Rethinking the Scoop • KNBC-TV in L.A. morning editorial meeting • http://video.nbc4.tv/player/?id=84495 • KPIX • http://cbs5.com/video/?id=20492@kpix.dayport.com
Media Players • Computer software that plays back multimedia files • Flash 7 (97%), 8 (94%), 9 (56%) • Quicktime • High quality, wide compatibility and free • iMovie and FCP generate Quicktime by default • Encoded at 256k in a 320X240frame size • Windows Media Player • Real Player
Rule of Thirds Animated Buzz
B-roll • WS – wide shot • Establishing Shot • Closing Shot • MS • MCU • CU • Headroom • Noseroom
Shoot for :15 Pre-roll Headphones Record Ambience Faces Close to action Vary levels and angles Background distraction White Opening and closing shot Avoid zooming while recording Report with your ears Shutup during shoots No pans or zooms Action creates reaction Shoot and move Frame each shot Depth of field Video is inherently flat Eyes, not ears and backs of heads Avoid signs or buildings Wind Staging CONTENT RULES Tips
Think Soap Opera • Action or Human Interest • Close-ups • Hold shots longer • No pans or zooms • http://avitamarc.com/videos/8_07/11_Zooming.mov • No dissolves
Tripod Focus on content, not distracted by shaky video Level Find level surfaces 2 to 1 prefer traditional Connecting vs. terrible video No Blair Witch
50% close-ups or extreme close-ups 25% WS 25% MS http://www.bbctraining.com/modules/5915/video/1.2.2.htm Think in Sequences
Lead room • Walking noseroom video • Let subject walk into screen, follow them, stop, let them walk out of video • Never stop recording until action in complete • Walking shots
Shoot wide Let action complete Face front Follow close Quick Keep the same distance Get close to action Action
Increasing B-roll • More montages • Different angles • Different levels • W, M,CU • 1:30 pack -22 different shots at :04 each
Editing Process • Jump cut • Cut-in • Cut-away (Reacting to the action)
Focus • Macro
Truth Look for nats Ambient vs. Nats Anything you hear Get close to face Ask person a question Sharpen Listening Skills
Recognize Stories that Deserve Video • Action/Human Interest • https://www.communicationsmgr.com/projects/1296/default.asp
Shooting Action Thanks to Animated Buzz
Resources • BBC Training • http://www.bbctraining.com/onlineCourses.asp • Berkeley Multimedia Reporting and Convergence • http://journalism.berkeley.edu/multimedia/ • Cyndy Green’s VideoJournalism Blog • http://cyndygreen.wordpress.com/ • MultiMedia Shooter Blog • http://www.multimediashooter.com/wp/ • Angela Grant’s News Videographer Blog • http://newsvideographer.com/?page_id=2
Shooting Exercise • No Staging • 2 different sequences each
Review • http://uk.youtube.com/watch?v=O7DDpIVLFKs
Nonlinear Editing • Linear • Edit sequentially • Nonlinear, nondestructive • Edit shots in different orders, while underlying media is untouched (changes never affect the media)
Editing • iMovie • Final Cut Pro/Express • Avid Express • Sony Vegas Movie Studio • Pinnacle Studio • Windows Movie Maker • Adobe Premiere
Final Cut Express vs. Pro • $249 vs. $999 • No batch capture • Keyframe motions, not filters • Timecode will not be displayed • No three-way color corrector
Editing • Assembling each shot together or trimming • Shot 1, Shot 2, Shot 3, Interview • Trimming Interview down • Show, don’t tell
Editing Advice • Sequence • Editing pictures of the same object together • Cut-ins, cutaways, different angles • Never use the same shot twice • No frames of black • Cut on breath
Editing Advice • Shots about :04-:05 with the exception of action • Let action complete • Each shot should flow logically • WS of room • MS of person’s body • CU of face • CU of paper
Avoid Jump Cuts • Two similar shots edit together • MS of person and MS of same person at different angle create a jumping effect • Instead use CU or WS of person
Free TV • Joost • Dailymotion • Google Video • Freetube • Blip.TV • ABC, NBC
Video Tools • Video Search Engines • http://www.truveo.com/ • Google Video • Rocketboom Vlog • http://www.rocketboom.com/vlog/ • Movavi free video conversion • http://online.movavi.com/ • Windows Media Encoder • www.mediaconverter.org/ • VT3 Studio Free trial • T3 will convert QuickTime, AVI, DV to Flash, iPod, iPhone or 3GP with one click in 1/3 real time • http://www.vt3studio.com/home.php • Resume Tapes • http://uk.youtube.com/results?search_query=resume+tape&search=Search