Health Promotion – The diet and disease connection

1. Health Promotion – The diet and disease connection Lizann Powers Hammond Shirley Broughton

2. Goals for today: • Health Promotion -Consumer perspective • Health Promotion Framework • Diet and Chronic Disease what’s new? • Heart Disease • Diabetes • Cancer • Sorting through the evidence

3. Communicating Science Based Evidence • The New Nutrition Conversation is all about talking with consumers rather than at them to find out what they are thinking and why when it comes to nutrition. International Food and Nutrition Information Council IFIC.org

4. FOOD Are consumers losing their appetite for… NUTRITION International Food and Nutrition Information Council IFIC.org

5. Many people find it difficult to separate valid recommendations from fad diet advice. Web Sites Consumers are bombarded with nutrition information from a variety of sources. TV and Radio News Food Labels Medical Experts Popular Magazines Nutrition information is often seen as contradictory, even from equally valid sources. Consumer Fad Diet Gurus Media Images Food Ads Friends and Family Gov’t Guidelines SOURCE: IFIC Foundation, 2004

7. Consumers Say • 85% say that diet and nutrition are important to them personally. • Only 25% say they have made significant changes to achieve a healthful diet. Source: ADA trends survey, 2002

8. Consumers Say • Consumers get most of their nutrition information from TV, newspapers, magazines. • Consumers value the information form health professionals the most. Source: ADA Trends survey, 2002

9. Consumers Say… About achieving a healthy nutritious diet… • 38% “I’m already doing it.” • 30% “I know I should, But…” • 32% “Don’t bother me.” ADA Trends Survey 2002

10. Consumers Say • 57% agree “Based on the information I’ve heard, I believe there are some foods I should never eat.” • 54% believe “taking vitamin supplements is necessary to ensure good health” • 33% believe “herbal dietary supplements are safe because they are natural” ADA Trends Survey 2002

12. Missing Ingredient • Tips – Where is the ACTION is! • Don’t just tell us what to do, tell us HOW to do it! Consumers

13. Consumers need how-to information about nutrition information that is … SIMPLE POSITIVE PRACTICAL CONSISTENT

14. Healthy is…. Active Energetic Confident Smiling Good complexion Good Posture Bright and wide eyed Works out/ is fit Positive Attitude Well Rested Consumers Definition of Health Addressing the obesity debate: Consumers point of view IFIC 2003

15. Consumers Definition of Health • More broadly, consumers also describe health holistically, involving components of mental, emotional, and physical health. They state all of these elements must work together in contributing to good health.

16. The Health Promotion Framework

17. Elements of Health Promotion • Physical– Fitness and nutrition. Medical self-care. Control of substance abuse. • Emotional - Care for emotional health.  Stress management, calming. • Social – Community, families, friends. • Intellectual – Education, achievement, career development. • Spiritual – Love, hope, charity.

18. Medical Model Problem/Condition Diagnosis Treatment Alleviation of Condition

19. Perspectives on Obesity Medical Model • Weight is the problem. • Treatments focuses on weight loss. • Medical interventions are available to change body weight.

20. Diet Exercise Prescription drugs Behavior modification Diet pills Herbal remedies Liposuction Bariatric surgery Acupuncture Lotions/creams Hypnosis Stimulants Weight Loss Methods

21. The Magic Cure? • The medical model is the western cultural norm. • The search for a simple “magic cure” fits with the medical model.

22. Perspectives on Obesity Health Promotion Model • Body weight above normal suggests a person is out of balance. • Seek to discover underlying issues and restore balance to life.

23. Physical Diet and activity patterns, substance use? Emotional Stress levels, stress eating, emotional eating? ACE? Social Connection to others? Intellectual Mental stimulation, Happiness with life? Spiritual Connection to world and nature? Exploration of Weight Issues

24. Broadening the Focus • Medical Model How can we get people to lose weight? • Health Promotion Model How can we promote a holistic approach to health and well-being?

25. The Life Balance Wheel

27. Disease Prevention Medical Model • Identify risk factors. • Intervention targets risk factors. • Often fear based, desire to avoid disease state.

28. Disease Prevention Health Promotion Model • Examine life balance and holistic well-being. • Focus in on maximizing health not just absence of disease.

29. Addressing Chronic Disease Medical Model You have an illness, symptoms are treated. Health Promotion You can be well and optimize health through lifestyle, even with a disease.

30. Diet and Disease Update • Heart Disease • Diabetes • Cancer

31. Top 10 Killers • Heart disease • Cancer • Stroke • Chronic lower respiratory diseases • Accidents (unintentional injuries) • Diabetes • Alzheimer's disease • Influenza/Pneumonia • Nephritis, nephrotic syndrome, and nephrosis • Septicemia

32. Diet and Heart DiseaseWhere we have been… • Saturated Fat • Cholesterol  • Vegetable oils 

33. Diet and Heart DiseaseWhat’s New…. • Trans fats  • Fish Oil 

34. Diet and Heart DiseaseWhat’s in the News…. • Nuts / Flaxseed - • Omega 3 vs Omega 6 • Plant Sterols • Tropical Oils

35. Diet and DiabetesWhere we have been… • Amount of Carbohydrate • Balanced diet

36. Diet and DiabetesWhat’s new… • Maintain healthy weight • Physical activity 30 minutes a day  • Dietary Fiber

37. Diet and DiabetesWhat’s in the news… • Glycemic Index / Glycemic Load • High Fructose Corn Syrup • Cinnamon • Chromium

38. Diet and CancerWhere we have been… • Low in fat, alcohol and salt. • High in whole grains, fruits and vegetables.

39. Diet and CancerWhat’s New… • Phytochemicals • Antioxidants • Cruciferous vegetables • Omega-3 fatty acids

40. Diet and Cancer:What’s in the news… • Supplements • Juicers • Sugar substitutes • Green tea • Soy products

41. Energy Drinks • Contain significant amounts of caffeine and other legal stimulants. • Additional ingredients imply “health” benefits.

42. Take home message: • Type and Quality of Carbohydrates: • Make half of your grains whole • Eat more fruits and vegetables • Type and Quality of Fats: • Replace saturated fats with vegetable oils • Eat 2 fish meals / week • Lean meats • Low fat dairy

43. Focus on Lifestyle • Eating behaviors: • Eat plenty of fruits & vegetables daily. • Enjoy whole grain foods. • Choose lean meats and/or protein sources. • Select low-fat dairy products. • Drink adequate fluids. • Keep portion sizes reasonable. • Pick healthful snacks. • Listen to hunger and satiety signals.

44. Take home messages Science is Evolutionary Not Revolutionary Simple, Positive, Practical, Consistent nutrition and health messages

45. Thank you!

46. Resources • American Diabetes Association: Clinical Practice Recommendations 2007 • Diet and Lifestyle Recommendations 2006: Scientific Statement from the AHA • American Journal of Public Health • International Food Information Council • American Dietetic Association Food and Nutrition Trends Survey