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Music: An Appreciation 8 th Edition by Roger Kamien

Music: An Appreciation 8 th Edition by Roger Kamien Unit V1 浪漫時期( The Romantic Period) 1820-1900 Presentation Development: Robert Elliott University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff The Romantic Period Time-line: Monroe 門羅主義—1823 Hugo: 鐘樓怪人 Hunchback of Notre Dame —1831

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Music: An Appreciation 8 th Edition by Roger Kamien

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  1. Music: An Appreciation8th Editionby Roger Kamien Unit V1 浪漫時期(The Romantic Period) 1820-1900 Presentation Development: Robert Elliott University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff

  2. The Romantic Period • Time-line: • Monroe 門羅主義—1823 • Hugo: 鐘樓怪人Hunchback of Notre Dame—1831 • Dickens: 孤星淚 Oliver Twist—1837 • Dumas: 三劍客The Three Musketeers—1844 • Poe: 烏鴉 The Raven—1845 • Darwin: 物種原始 Origin of Species—1859 • 美國內戰 American Civil War—1861-1865 • 頑童流浪記 Twain: Huckleberry Finn—1884 • 電話發明 Bell invents telephone—1876

  3. Chpt. 12: 十九世紀的國民樂派 • 民族自覺的觀念在浪漫時期升起 • Citizens, not mercenaries now fought wars • Bonds of language, history & culture formed • Led to unifications creating Germany and Italy • 作家刻意在其作品中加入特定的民族特質 • Use of folksongs and folkdances • Created original melodies with folk flavor • Wrote operas and program music inspired by native history, legends, and landscapes • 對於長久在日爾曼, 法, 義音樂主導下的國家影響強大

  4. 柴可夫斯基 Tchaikovsky • Studied music in Russia • Russian, Late Romantic (1840-1893) • Did not start until age 21 • By age 30 had a symphony, opera, tone poem and his1st great orchestra work • Married, divorced two weeks later • Supported by benefactress (patron) • They corresponded but never met • Traveled Europe and United States Tchaikovsky’s Music • Wrote symphonies, concerti, overtures, operas, and more • Fused Russian folk music & European style

  5. Listening Romeo and Juliet Overture-Fantasy by Tchaikovsky Listening Guide: p. 336 Basic Set, CD 5:44 Note: Depicts events and characters, but is not a re-telling of the story Different melodies for characters/groups of characters and events Love theme has become very well known

  6. 史梅塔納 Smetana The Moldau 莫爾島河(1874) Part of the cycle Ma Vlast (My Country) by Bedrich Smetana Symphonic Poem depicting the main river that flows thorough the Bohemian (Czech) countryside Program notes: p. 339 Listening Guide: p. 340 Brief Set, CD 3:35 Note: Program material and how composer related it to the music

  7. 德弗札克 Dvorak • Followed Smetana composing Czech national music (1841-1904) • As teenager, played in orchestra under Smetana • Got his break when Brahms heard him • Became director of the National Conservatory of Music in New York • Urged Americans to write nationalist music • Wrote From the New World during 1st year • Later returned to Prague Conservatory

  8. Chpt. 15-Antonin Dvorak Listening Symphony No. 9 in E Minor (From the New World, 1893) by Dvorak First Movement: Adagio; Allegro molto Listening Guide: p. 343 Basic Set, CD 6:8 Note: Based upon American folk melodies Use of non-major/minor scales Sonata form (but with 3 themes, not 2)

  9. 約翰尼斯‧布拉姆斯Brahms • Son of a musician (father played bass) • German composer (1833-1897) • At 13, studied music by day/played gigs by night • Became close friends with the Schumanns • Lived with Clara while Robert in asylum • Lifelong friends with Clara, he never married • Studied earlier composers’ works in detail • Especially Bach, Haydn, Mozart & Beethoven Brahms’s Music • Considered somewhat conservative due to his use of classical forms • Wrote in all traditional forms except opera

  10. Chpt. 16-Johannes Brahms Listening E小調第四號交響曲 1885 第四樂章, 充滿無現精力與熱情的快板 by Brahms 4th Mvt.

  11. 威爾第（Giuseppe Verdi） • Mid- and late Romantic composer • Italian (1813-1901) • Studied in Busseto & Milan • Supported by patron • Married patron’s daughter • Known for opera • Wrote operas with political overtones • Nationalist, supported unification of Italy • Critics blasted him scandalous subjects • Seemed to condone rape, suicide, and “free love” Verdi’s Music • Wrote for middle-class audience • Favorite topic: love story w/ unhappy ending • Final opera ends with “All the world’s a joke!”

  12. Chpt. 17-Giuseppe Verdi Listening La donna e mobile (Woman is fickle) Aria from Rigoletto (1851) by Verdi Listening Guide: p. 362 Basic Set, CD 6:20 Note: Middle class topic, as in Classical period Text Familiar melody

  13. 普契尼（Giacomo Puccini） • Late-Romantic composer • Italian (1858-1924) • Known primarily for operas • Became wealthy and world famous due to the popularity of his music • Opera La Boheme 1st major success • Made use of Exoticism, setting his operas in foreign places • His operas make use of short melodies, simple phrases, and realistic dialog • Artistic style verismo (reality): “true to life”

  14. Chpt. 18-Giacomo Puccini Listening La Boheme (1896) by Puccini Act I: Scene between Rodolfo and Mimi through Rodolfo’s aria: Che gelida manina (How cold your little hand is!) Storyline of meeting of Rodolfo and Mimi (p. 264-65) Note: Dialog is more realistic Tempo shifts to accentuate music & text

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