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http://www.greencouncil.org/ 香港環保標籤計劃 環保由教育開始 Conservation begins with Education 主辦 DEFINITION OF A ROBOT “ A robot is a machine that can move and do some of the work of the human being” A SHORT HISTORY OF ROBOTS 270 BC A Greek engineer made organs and water clocks with movable figures
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環保由教育開始 Conservation begins withEducation
DEFINITION OF A ROBOT “A robot is a machine that can move and do some of the work of the human being”
A SHORT HISTORY OF ROBOTS 270 BC A Greek engineer made organs and water clocks with movable figures 1801A textile machine which is operated by punch cards called a programmable loom and goes into mass production 1818Mary Shelley wrote "Frankenstein" which was about a frightening artificial lifeform created by Dr. Frankenstein 1892Seward Babbitt creates a motorised crane with gripper to remove ingots from a furnace
A SHORT HISTORY OF ROBOTS 1961The first industrial robot was on a production line a General Motors automobile factory in New Jersey 1963The first artificial robotic arm to be controlled by a computer was designed 2000Honda showcases Asimo, the next generation of its series of humanoid robots
CHARACTERISTICS OF A ROBOT • An absence of an on-site human operator • The need of tolerate environmental conditions that might not be acceptable to human • Hostile environment • Remote environment • Very demanding duty cycle • Task is highly undesirable to human
ROBOT IS ... Landmine Fire Fighting Planetary Exploration
ROBOTIS ... Industrial Robot Lawnmower Mars Probe
WHAT IS ENVIRONMENTAL ROBOT ? Robot built for environmental purpose.
SAMPLES ... • First step to environmental robot • Focus on mobile robot • Powered by environmental friendly energy like kinetic, potential & solar energy • Begin with mousetrap powered (environmental powered) vehicle Nuclear WasteManagement Robot ContaminationSurveyorRobot Mini Robot
MOUSETRAP POWERED VEHICLE Founded by 3 Physic Teachers in US
How do Newton's laws of motion apply tomousetrap powered vehicles?
Newton's First Law of Motion Every material object continues in its state of rest or in uniform motion in a straight line unless it is compelled to change that state by forces acting on it
Newton’s Second Law of Motion The acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net force acting on the object (in the direction of the net force) and is inversely proportional to the mass of the object
Newton’s Third Law of Motion Whenever one object exerts a force on a second object, the second object exerts an equal and opposite force on the first Most often stated:For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction
COMPETITION • Design and engineer a vehicle, powered solely by the energy of one standard-sized mousetrap, that will travel a distance of 27 feet at the shortest time
PURPOSE OF THE COMPETITION 1. To encourage creative, practical, and environmental idea for our Mother Earth 2. To encourage teamwork 3. To develop interpersonal and group skills 4. To encourage honesty and fair play in life situations through competition 5. To develop responsibility and integrity
FIRST MOUSETRAP VEHICLE Velocity: 3 ft per sec
SAMPLES OF MOUSETRAP VEHICLES 6 Feet Car
SAMPLES OF MOUSETRAP VEHICLES 30 Feet Car 12 Feet Car
SAMPLES OF MOUSETRAP VEHICLES 42 Feet Car 54 Feet Car
SAMPLES OF MOUSETRAP VEHICLES Kick Ass Mousetrap Car 80 Feet Car World Record! 128 Feet Car!
RULES OF COMPLETITION • Only one standard unmodified mousetrap may be used • Although other components may be attached to the mousetrap, the trap itself must remain intact • Neither the spring nor the release mechanism can be modified or moved on the mousetrap base • Wood cannot be cut or removed from the base except at points of attachment • All parts of the vehicle, placed at the starting line, must move forward as a whole
RULES OF COMPLETITION • Components may be attached to the base of the mousetrap and to the arm to increase the velocity and acceleration • All energy available to the vehicle at the start of the run must be stored in the mousetrap spring • Conversion of the spring energy into other energy forms is permissible. For example, a rubber band could be used in the device, but the rubber band must start the run at its lowest energy state • The vehicle wheelbase must not be longer than 20 inches. A new vehicle may not be substituted for the damaged one
OTHER INFORMATION ABOUT COMPETITION • The race track: Hard wood tile floor • Max Size of the Vehicle: 3 feet X 3 feet • Railing: No higher than 4 inches • Each contestant will be given 2 attempts • The sponsoring organizations and the judges are not responsible for damage to vehicles from collisions with the rails from going off the track and coming in contact with other obstacles. • All vehicles run out of the track will be disqualified. • All vehicles have to check in prior the competition
GREEN COUNCIL’S RIGHTS • Disqualify any team for breaking the general rules or individual competition rules • Remove or disqualify any team or team members for inappropriate behavior while participating at the competition • Individual competition representatives for each event will make final judgment on any decisions • Limit the number of teams competing at the final competition should the need arise due to time and space constraints
Surface Friction Fluid Friction Number of Wheels Wheel Size Traction Newton First Law Newton Second Law Momentum Center of Mass Rotational Inertia Energy Wheel to Axle Ratio Torque String POINTS TO CONSIDER FOR YOUR MOUSETRAP CAR
SAFETY GUIDE ! IMPORTANT ! • Put on your Goggle when building your vehicle • Always release the spring when working with the mousetrap • Please do not disassemble the mousetrap for modification • Please do not increase the tension on the spring • Be careful when fastening your mousetrap • Release your mousetrap with a long rod or stick, and not to use your own finger
FURTHER INFORMATION • Email your questions to info@greencouncil.org • Please write “Mousetrap vehicle Query from Participant” on the column your email • All message must be written and replied in English
FAQ PHYSICS OF THE CAR 1. Keep the wheel to axle ratio as low as possible. For every time your axle goes around, your wheel goes around one time. If the wheel has a much larger circumference than the axle, the car will go a long ways. Technically, the inertia of the rod extending from the mousetrap is less than that of the wheels, so by using a longer arm and a lower wheel to axle ratio, you may get further distance. 2. Keep the friction between the wheels and your car as low as possible. Using ball bearings from a pair of roller blades is a good way to do this. 3. Torque - you only get a little bit out of a mousetrap, so don't waste it.
FAQ Q: Why is reducing the mass of the vehicle important? A: Because by reducing the weight of the vehicle you have less force pushing on the friction points. Q: What will happen if force is on the vehicle? A: The force will pull the vehicle by decreasing the rotational inertia by removing mass from inside of the wheels. Q: Why do you decrease the overall mass of the car? A: Removing mass from the frame and using a lighter weight lever arm decreases the mass of the car because heavier lever arms consume energy when the spring is required to lift them. Q: How do you decrease rolling friction? A: By reworking friction points.
