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Representations of America in 17 th and 18 th Century French Literature

Representations of America in 17 th and 18 th Century French Literature. Alyssa Briggs Dr. Nadia Sahely. I have “le mal du siecle” but at least I’m bridging the classical style and the modern Romantic school. Storming of the Bastille July 14, 1789. Dr. Gorse and Max.

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Representations of America in 17 th and 18 th Century French Literature

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  1. Representations of America in 17th and 18th Century French Literature Alyssa Briggs Dr. Nadia Sahely

  2. I have “le mal du siecle” but at least I’m bridging the classical style and the modern Romantic school

  3. Storming of the Bastille July 14, 1789 Dr. Gorse and Max

  4. Chateaubriand’s Imaginary Voyage • Landed in Baltimore • Philadelphia • New York • Boston • Lexington Battlefields • Albany • Niagara Falls • Pittsburgh • Mississippi • Florida • Back north through mountains

  5. Niagara Falls Lexington Pittsburgh Baltimore Through Natchez Country: 40 hours, 20 minutes     Total Est. Distance: 2432.53 miles Natchez Country

  6. European Conquest Spain Portugal

  7. European Explorers 1492 Christopher Columbus 1000 AD Leif Eriksson 1585 Sir Walter Raleigh

  8. First Permanent English and French Cities • Jamestown 1607 • John Smith • Quebec City • Samuel de Champlain

  9. New France British Colonies World Events 1500 1550 1600 1650 1700 1750 1800 Mona Lisa 1503 Cartier explores St. Lawrence River 1541-43 Copernicus claims Earth circles Sun 1543 Jamestown, VA founded 1607 Champlain founds Quebec City 1608 Jesuit Missionaries arrive 1625 Mayflower lands 1620 Taj Mahal completed 1643 Louis XIV personal rule 1661-1715 20 executed for witchcraft in Salem 1690 John Locke prints Two Treatises of Government 1690 Mississippi River discovered 1673 Brandenburg Concertos 1721 Seven Years War 1756-1763 Treaty of Paris: land east of Mississippi and Canada goes to British 1763 French Revolution 1789-1799 Revolutionary War 1775-1783

  10. Modernity in the New World • Sea lanes established • Native Americans with European Possessions

  11. Colonizing North America La Nouvelle France British Land La Louisiane (France)

  12. Establishing New France A market for Christianity 1534 Jacques Cartier

  13. Beaver Hats Demand for fur in Europe was exploding, especially for beaver pelts to turn into hats.

  14. Methodology to Selecting Sources • Geographic Area : New France • Time Frame : 17th and 18th century • Type of Literature • Focus : Native Americans • Accessibility • Digital Libraries • OhioLink and Interlibrary Loan • Newberry Research Library in Chicago

  15. Native American Focus • Mixed feelings • They are gracious hosts • But they are not Christian • Le tien et le mien (yours and mine) • Political motives

  16. Marc Lescarbot • 1570 – 1642 • Lawyer from Paris • History of New France - 1609 • Origin of the “noble” savage concept • Propaganda

  17. Joseph-Francois Lafitau • 1681-1746 • Jesuit Missionary and Writer • Customs of the American Indians compared with the Customs of Primitive Times – 1724

  18. Baron de Lahontan • 1666-1716 • Part of military • New Voyages and Memoires of North America- 1703 • Curious Dialogues with a Savage -1704

  19. Pierre François-Xavier de Charlevoix • 1682-1761 • Jesuit Missionary and Writer • Journal of a Voyage to North America -1720-22 • History and General Description of New France -1744 • Ideological enemy to Lahontan • One of Lescarbot’s most ardent admirers

  20. Jean-Jacques Rousseau • 1712-1778 • Philosopher during Enlightenment • Discourse on the Origin of Inequality – 1754 • Man is good by nature, when in the state of nature, but is corrupted by society.

  21. François-René de Chateaubriand • 1768-1848 • Atala – 1801 • René – 1802 • Les Natchez – 1826 • Improves reality • Historical novel • French romanticism • The “Revealer”

  22. Intertextuality • Noun: the whole network of relations, conventions, and expectations by which the text is defined; the relationship between texts • Newness: is it possible for something to be completely new?

  23. Classicism • Love of the Greco-Romans • Are the Native Americans the last of the ancients? • Lafitau: Finds enough evidence during his observations to publish an entire book on the subject of Native American customs compared to those of the Ancients. • Gods of War: Areskoui = Arès/Aries • Many other authors before and after have Classical symbols, themes, and styles in their Native American writings

  24. Chateaubriand 1827 1827 Voyage en Amerique 1826 Les Natchez 1802 Rene 1800 1801 Atala Second half of the 18th century exploded with American themed literature Rousseau Discourse on Inequality 1754 Charlevoix History 1744 Lafitau Customs 1724 Charlevoix Journal 1720-22 Lahontan Dialogues 1704 Lahontan Voyages 1703 1700 Jesuit Missionaries 1600 Lescarbot 1609 History of New France Champlain Cartier Spanish Explorers during Spain’s Golden Age

  25. Chateaubriand was just the tip of the iceberg!

  26. Thanks Dr. Nadia Sahely Summer Scholars Program BW Food Services Ohio Link and Ritter Library Deceased French explorers and authors

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