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RPG IV V5R1 Enhancements

RPG IV V5R1 Enhancements. Presented by Barry Diehl. At a Glance. Built-In Functions (BIFs) Free-format Runtime Control of Files and Members Improved Error Control Increased Java support Miscellaneous Changes. How did it happen?.

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RPG IV V5R1 Enhancements

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  1. RPG IV V5R1 Enhancements Presented by Barry Diehl

  2. At a Glance • Built-In Functions (BIFs) • Free-format • Runtime Control of Files and Members • Improved Error Control • Increased Java support • Miscellaneous Changes

  3. How did it happen? • George Farr of IBM Toronto surveys users giving them a list of possible enhancements. • Each enhancement is “priced” • Survey participants can spend $100

  4. What didn’t make it? • Multiple dimension arrays • Keylists in D specs • More H-Spec Keywords • Bitwise operations in expressions

  5. Built-In Functions

  6. Taking time • %TIME{(expression{:time-format})} %TIMESTAMP{(expression{:*ISO|*ISO0})} %DATE{(expression{:date-format})} • If no value specified, current system values are retrieved • When the expression is *DATE, UDATE or a timestamp, don’t use the format - the system knows the format

  7. One More Time • %SECONDS(number) • %MINUTES(number) • %HOURS(number) • %DAYS(number) • %MONTHS(number) • %YEARS(number) • Determine date in 3 years newdate = date + %YEARS(3) • Determine date 6 months ago loandate = date - %MONTHS(6)

  8. What’s the Difference? • %DIFF(op1:op2:*MS|*S|*MN|*H|*D|*M|*Y) • Determine the number of days between 2 datesNumDays = %Diff(LoanDate:DueDate:*D) • Add number of minutes between the start and endTotalTime = TotalTime + %Diff(StartTime:EndTime:*MN)

  9. Parts Is Parts • Extract a subset of a date, time or timestamp with %SUBDT • %SUBDT(value:*MS|*S|*MN|*H|*D|*M|*Y) • date = d’1999-02-17’;time = t’01.23.45’;num = %SubDt(date:*Y); // num = 1999num = %SubDt(time:*MN); // num = 23

  10. A Well-Defined Search • %LOOKUPxx(arg:array{:startindex{:numelems}}) - returns array index of the element in array that matches • Where xx = • blank  an exact match • LT  value closest to arg, but less than arg • LE  an exact match or the value closest to arg, but less than arg • GT  value closest to arg, but greater than arg • GE  an exact match or the value closest to arg, but greater than arg • Zero is returned if no match found • %Found and %Equal don’t work on this function • Use %TLOOKUPxx for tables

  11. Other Functions • %ALLOC and %REALLOC • %CHECK and %CHECKR • %XLATE • %SHTDN • %SQRT

  12. Free-Format RPG

  13. Free-format Rules • /FREE and /END-FREE • Write code between columns 8 and 80 • General form:opcode(extenders) Factor 1 Factor 2 Result • Statements end with semi-colon • End-of-line comments marked with // • Compiler directives can be used • Can’t define fields or have result indicators • Free and fixed can be mixed

  14. Function Replacements • ADDDUR  %YEARS, %MONTHS • ALLOC  %ALLOC • CHECK  %CHECK • CHECKR  %CHECKR • EXTRCT  %SUBDT • LOOKUP  %LOOKUPxx, %TLOOKUPxx • MVR  %REM • OCCUR  %OCCUR • REALLOC  %REALLOC

  15. Function Replacements • SCAN  %SCAN • SHTDN  %SHTDN • SQRT  %SQRT • SUBDUR  %DIFF or minus sign • SUBST  %SUBST • TIME  %DATE, %TIME, %TIMESTAMP • XFOOT  %XFOOT • XLATE  %XLATE

  16. Operator Replacement • ADD  + • CAT  + • DIV  / • MULT  * • SUB  -

  17. Generalize • ANDxx  AND • DOUxx  DOU • DOWxx  DOW • IFxx  IF • ORxx  OR • WHENxx  WHEN

  18. Social Engineering - Obsolete • BITOFF  use MOVE • BITON  use MOVE • CABxx • CAS and ENDCS • COMP • GOTO • MHHZO • MHLZO • MLHZO • MLLZO • TAG

  19. Social Engineering – Moving to New • CALL and CALLB  CALLP • DEFINE  D spec – use LIKE or DTAARA keywords • DO  FOR • END  need to qualify the type now • MOVE  EVALR or built-in functions • MOVEA • MOVEL  EVAL or built-in functions • PARM and PLIST  use prototype definition • SETOFF and SETON  EVAL • TESTN and TESTZ • Z-ADD and Z-SUB

  20. Free-Form Details • KLIST and KFLD not included • EVAL is optional • Debug works fine • Most examples in Reference are free-form • Macro in CODE/400 performs one-way conversion • Mix of Free and Fixed-formats is ok • Compiler directives ok - but no SQL

  21. Fixed-format (page 1)

  22. Free-format (page 1)

  23. Fixed-format (page 2)

  24. Free-format (page 2)

  25. Fixed-format (page 3)

  26. Free-format (page 3)

  27. Fixed-format (page 4)

  28. Free-format (page 4)

  29. Runtime Control of Files and Members

  30. Runtime Control of Files and Members • Use EXTFILE(file name) and EXTMBR(member name) as keywords in F Spec • Need USROPN keyword too • OVRDBF still has control

  31. Improved Error Control

  32. Current Checking • Error indicator or Extender (E) – doesn’t handle all situations • *PSSR or INFSR subroutines – can’t easily return to the statement that caused the problem

  33. Monitor Group • MONITOR - marks beginning of code to trap errors • ON-ERROR {exception-id1 {:exception-id2…}}Begins the group for one or more status codes. Can also use: • *PROGRAM - all program errors • *FILE - all file errors • *ALL - all errors • ENDMON - marks the end of the group

  34. Monitor Group Example

  35. Monitor Group Example - page 2

  36. New Error Processing Order • Statement indicators • Opcode extenders, %STATUS, %ERROR • MONITOR group • INFSR • *PSSR

  37. Increased Java Support(Many thanks to George Farr of IBM - these are his examples)

  38. RPG Calling JAVA: 3 options • Use QCMDEXC to launch the JVM for the Java class • Use system C-APIs to instantiate Java objects and call methods in them (Java Native Invocation or JNI) • Use V5R1 RPG enhancements that mask the JVN complexity

  39. Calling Java from RPG • Declare Objects • Prototype Java Methods • Instantiate an Object

  40. Declare Objects • D Test S O CLASS(*JAVA:’java.lang.String’) • Must declare a field to hold the object reference • First parameter must be *JAVA • Fields of type ‘O’ cannot be DS subfields • Arrays of objects are allowed • Fields of type ‘O’ are NOT pointers, they only store references to objects

  41. Prototype Java Methods • D trimstring PR O EXTPROC(*JAVA:’java.lang.String’:’trim’)D CLASS(*JAVA:’java.lang.String’)D STATIC • EXTPROC accepts 3 parameters • *JAVA keyword • ‘package.class’ name of class containing method • Name of method or *CONSTRUCTOR • Specify return type • Use CLASS keyword if it returns a Java object (‘O’ type) • Specify STATIC for static methods

  42. Instantiate an Object • D crtBigDec PR O EXTPROC(*JAVA:’java.math.BigDecimal’:*CONSTRUCTOR)D CLASS(*JAVA:’java.math.BigDecimal’)D Parm1 8F VALUED*D refflt S O CLASS(*JAVA:’java.math.BigDecimal’)D*D DblField S 8F INZ(‘0’)C* Instantiate the classC*C EVAL refflt = crtBigDec(dblField) • Prototype the desired constructor method • Declare the object reference variable • Call the constructor method, store result

  43. Calling Methods Example D fld S 10A INZ(‘ Farr ‘)D str S O CLASS(*JAVA:’java.lang.String’)D*D makestring PR O EXTPROC(*JAVA:’java.lang.String’:*CONSTRUCTOR)D CLASS(*JAVA:’java.lang.String’)D parm 10AD*D makealpha PR 10A EXTPROC(*JAVA:’java.lang.String’:’getBytes’)D*D trimstring PR O EXTPROC(*JAVA:’java.lang.String’:’trim’)D CLASS(*JAVA:’java.lang.String’)C EVAL str = makestring(fld)C EVAL str = trimstring(str)C EVAL fld = makeslpha(str)

  44. Miscellaneous Changes

  45. ELSEIF • Can combine an ELSE and IF togetherIf A = 1; X = X + 1;ElseIf A = 2; X = X + 2;ElseIf A = 3; X = X + 3;EndIf; • Reduce number of ENDIFs and nesting levels • Don’t forget about SELECT

  46. Qualified Data Structure Names • New keyword QUALIFIED - allows names to be reused in the program • Useful in prototyped parameter definitions • New keyword LIKEDS(data structure) - will have the same structure

  47. Qualified Data Structures Example

  48. Summary • Built-In Functions (BIFs) • Free-format • Runtime Control of Files and Members • Improved Error Control • Increased Java support • Miscellaneous Changes

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