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A. Atomic Mass

A. Atomic Mass. The average atomic mass is the number at the bottom of each square Found by averaging the natural abundances of its isotopes Atomic mass = # p + + n 0. Mass #. Atomic #. B. Isotopes. Atoms of the same element with different mass numbers. Nuclear symbol:.

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A. Atomic Mass

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  1. A. Atomic Mass • The average atomic mass is the number at the bottom of each square • Found by averaging the natural abundances of its isotopes • Atomic mass = # p+ + n0

  2. Mass # Atomic # B. Isotopes • Atoms of the same element with different mass numbers. • Nuclear symbol: • Hyphen notation: carbon-12

  3. © Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc. B. Isotopes

  4. B. Isotopes • Chlorine-37 • atomic #: • mass #: • # of protons: • # of electrons: • # of neutrons: 17 37 17 17 20

  5. Ch. 3 - The Periodic Table Organization Metallic Character Rows & Columns Table Sections

  6. A. Metallic Character • Metals • Nonmetals • Metalloids

  7. Metals • Good conductors of heat and electricity • Found in Groups 1 & 2, middle of table in 3-12 and some on right side of table • Have luster, are ductile and malleable

  8. Alkali Metals • Group 1 • Very reactive • Form +1 ions • Cations • Examples: H, Li, Na

  9. Alkaline Earth Metals • Group 2 • Reactive • Form 2+ ions • Cations • Examples: Be, Mg, Ca, etc

  10. Transition Metals • Groups 3-12 on the Periodic Table • Much less reactive than Alkali or Alkaline Earth Metals • Only 1 that is a liquid at room temp • Mercury – Hg • Examples: Cr, Co, Ni, Fe, Cu, Ag, Au

  11. Nonmetals • Not good conductors • Found on right side of periodic table – AND hydrogen • Usually brittle solids or gases

  12. Halogens • Group 17 • Very reactive • Form 1- ions • Anions • Examples: F, Cl, Br, etc

  13. Noble Gases • Group 18 • Unreactive, inert, “noble” • Have a 0 charge, no ions • Examples: He, Ne, Ar, Kr, etc

  14. Metalloids • Sometimes called semiconductors • Form the “stairstep” between metals and nonmetals • Have properties of both metals and nonmetals • Examples: B, Si, Sb, Te, As, Ge

  15. State at Room Temperature • Most are solid • State changes with change in temperature

  16. B. Table Sections • Representative Elements • Transition Metals • Inner Transition Metals

  17. Lanthanides - part of period 6 Actinides - part of period 7 B. Table Sections Overall Configuration

  18. C. Columns & Rows • Group (Family) • Period

  19. Ch. 3 - The Periodic Table Periodic Trends Terms Periodic Trends Dot Diagrams

  20. A. Terms • Periodic Law • Properties of elements repeat periodically when the elements are arranged by increasing atomic number.

  21. A. Terms • Valence Electrons • e- in the outermost energy level • Atomic Radius • Measure of the size of an atom

  22. 1A 8A 2A 3A 4A 5A 6A 7A B. Periodic Trends • Group # = # of valence e- (except He) • Families have similar reactivity. • Period # = # of energy levels

  23. C. Lewis Diagrams • Dots represent the valence e- • EX: Sodium • EX: Chlorine

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