Argument Essay

1. Argument Essay Who is admirable?

2. Who is worth admiring in The Crucible? • Why? • Talk with a partner. • Tell me your answer. • Back up your answer with evidence. (7 Minutes) • Example: Proctor is admirable because he was willing to die for his beliefs.

3. Socratic Seminar • Who is worth admiring in The Crucible? • Why? • Talk with a partner. • Tell me your answer. • Back up your answer with evidence. (7 Minutes)

4. What are your first steps in starting an essay?

5. Now • Hamburger/Hamburger paper.

6. Now • Get into your groups. • Choose two post-it notes that show your character is admirable. • Choose one post-it note showing your character is NOT admirable.

7. Hamburger Hamburger Paper Quote 1 (pg. #) Quote 2 (pg. #) Quote 3 (pg. #)

8. Hamburger Hamburger Paper Quote 1 (pg. #) Quote 2 (pg. #) Thesis: In the (TEXT)play (TITLE)The Crucible, by (AUTHOR)Henry Miller, Abigail Williams is an admirable character whose resourcefulness and ambition are heroic. Quote 3 (pg. #)

9. Write on center diamond: • Driving Question for Thesis: Which character in The Crucible is admirable and why? • USE YOUR “KEY WORDS FOR THE CRUCIBLE” IN YOUR THESIS. • Answer with FATT. Example: In the (TEXT)play (TITLE)The Crucible, by (AUTHOR)Arthur Miller, Abigail Williams is an admirable character whose resourcefulness and ambition are heroic.

10. Hamburger/Hamburger • Say-Mean-Matter Quotes 1 and 2. • Leave Quote 3 (quote that goes against your thesis) alone.

11. Hamburger Hotdog Paper In the play The Crucible, by Arthur Miller, Abigail Williams is an admirable character whose resourcefulness and ambition are heroic.

12. Thesis: Gatsby is admirable. Quote #1 • Say: ABIGAIL. I have been hurt, Mr. Danforth; I have seen my blood runnin’ • out! I have been near to murdered every day because I done my duty • pointing out the Devil’s people—and this is my reward? To be • mistrusted, denied, questioned like a— • DANFORTH, weakening. Child, I do not mistrust you— • ABIGAIL, looking about in the air, clasping her arms about her as • though cold. I—I know not. A wind, a cold wind, has come. (101) Mean (What does the quote “mean”? Summarize): Abigail argues that she is the virtuous one, that she is suffering because she is aiding the court, turning in those who were acting suspicious. MATTER (How does this matter to the thesis?): In this case, her denouncement of the court reveals her admirable ambition to beat the unfair judicial system, and by simply pointing at the paranoia in the air, not creating it, she confirms what the judges already believe—that evil has invaded the town and is clouding their judgment.

13. Thesis: Abigail is admirable. Quote #2 • Say: ABIGAIL. She is blackening my name in the village! She is telling lies • about me! She is a cold, sniveling woman, and you bend to her! Let her • turn you like a— • PROCTOR. Do you look for whippin’? (22) Mean (What does the quote “mean”? Summarize): This passage illustrates just how far Williams uses any means necessary to win Proctor’s love, even questioning his manhood. MATTER (How does this matter to the thesis?): As a result, her ambition inspires her to try new methods to be romantically involved with Proctor, never quitting, using her resourcefulness to use every possible way to achieve her goal of Proctor.

14. The Counterargument “I know you are, but what am I?”

15. Evidence: The Counterargument What do you know about a “counterargument?” • It’s difficult • Evidence goes AGAINST your thesis • Opposite of what the person is arguing • Use facts • Something that proves a point wrong • Rebuttal

16. Evidence: The Counterargument Your parents tell you, “your curfew is set for 10pm. The Van Nuys police website shows that crime is mostly committed between the times of 10pm-2am.” Talk to a partner and explain how you can give a counterargument. 1 minute.

17. Evidence: The Counterargument Your parents tell you, “you cannot go to Alejandro’s party. He was arrested in middle school for bringing matches and dirty underwear to school.” Talk to a partner and explain how you can give a counterargument. 1 Minute

18. Evidence: The Counterargument Your parents tell you, “downtown Los Angeles is too far. You can’t go there without an adult.” Talk to a partner and explain how you can give a counterargument. 1 Minute

19. Evidence: The Counterargument Thesis Contradicting Evidence Counter-argument on how evidence Is NOT valid.

20. Evidence: The Counterargument Thesis Contradicting Evidence Use THE UNTOLD to show how contradicting evidence still proves thesis.

21. Evidence: The Counterargument Thesis: Pitbulls are one of the friendliest breeds and the ban in Denver should be overturned. Contradicting Evidence: Pitbulls have the highest rate of attacks on humans. • The untold: THE OWNERS!

22. Evidence: The Counterargument Thesis: Pitbulls are one of the friendliest breeds and the ban in Denver should be overturned. Contradicting Evidence: Pitbulls have the highest rate of attacks on humans. Counter-argument on how evidence is NOT valid: This breed of dog attracts owners who are criminals who raise the dogs to fight, training them to have violent tendencies. Like children, mean and violent owners will translate to mean and violent dogs, and most other breeds have owners who want to raise their dogs properly. It’s not the dog breed that is violent but the type of owner who raise them.

23. Evidence: The Counterargument Thesis: All types of guns should be legal. Contradicting Evidence:The Sandy Hook shootings left dozens of children dead. Counter-argument on how evidence is NOT valid: Work with a partner and come up with why this contradicting evidence can be WRONG. I will give you 3 minutes.

24. Evidence: The Counterargument Thesis: All types of guns should be legal. Contradicting Evidence:The Sandy Hook shootings left dozens of children dead. Counter-argument on how evidence is NOT valid: THE UNTOLD: Mental Illness!

25. Evidence: The Counterargument Thesis: We should encourage the use of capital punishment in all states. Contradicting Evidence: Texas has the most executions out of all states, but the murder rate is also the highest. Counter-argument on how evidence is NOT valid: Work with a partner and come up with why this contradicting evidence can be WRONG (hint, use 3rd variable, low income, low graduation rates, etc. of TX). I will give you 3 minutes.

26. Evidence: The Counterargument Thesis: We should encourage the use of capital punishment in all states. Contradicting Evidence: Texas has the most executions out of all states, but the murder rate is also the highest. • THE UNTOLD: Income (low)

27. Evidence: The Counterargument Thesis: College athletes should get paid for playing. Contradicting Evidence: In Slovania, where college players get paid, they have the highest dropout rate in the world. Counter-argument on how evidence is NOT valid: Unmentioned variable: Slovania’s average income is lowest in the European Union.

28. Evidence: The Counterargument Thesis: We should encourage the use of capital punishment in all states. Contradicting Evidence: Texas has the most executions out of all states, but the murder rate is also the highest. Counter-argument on how evidence is NOT valid: Work with a partner and come up with why this contradicting evidence can be WRONG (hint, use low income, low graduation rates, etc. of TX). I will give you 3 minutes.

29. Evidence: The Counterargument Thesis: The Lakers are the best team in basketball this season. Contradicting Evidence: The Lakers have the worst record in the league. Counter-argument using THE UNTOLD on how evidence is NOT valid: Work with a partner and come up with why this contradicting evidence can be WRONG. I will give you 3 minutes.

30. Evidence: The Counterargument Thesis: Birmingham Students are the most kind students in all of the valley. Contradicting Evidence: Birmingham has the highest rate of fights. Counter-argument on how evidence is NOT valid: Work with a partner and come up with why this contradicting evidence can be WRONG. I will give you 3 minutes.

31. Thesis: Gatsby is admirable. In the play The Crucible, by Arthur Miller, Abigail Williams is an admirable character whose resourcefulness and ambition are heroic. Say: ABIGAIL. No, he’ll be comin’ up. Listen, now; if they be questioning us, tell them we danced—I told him as much already. (18) Mean (What does the quote “mean”? Summarize): This passage reveals how Williams can masterfully arrange plans so that all the girls involved with the original ritual have the same account of the incident. MATTER (How does this matter to the thesis?): Ultimately, Abigail Williams ambitiously arranges the proper stories to tell using her resourceful mind. Althoughthis may be immoral to some who are obsessive with rules, in the end Williams allows her friends and herself a way to escape the (THE UNTOLD)cruel punishments given out during that time, punishment that included stone presses, hangings, and drowning. The pure ambition to survive allowed Williams to survive the ruthless persecution of that era.

32. Thesis: Proctor is admirable. In the play The Crucible, by Arthur Miller, John Proctor is an admirablecharacter because of his genuine morals. Say: “You are pulling heaven down and raising up a whore!” Mean (Who, What, Where): John Proctor argues that Abigail is a harlot, and that the court is bringing a bad name to heaven because of the lies being told and believed. MATTER (How does this matter to the thesis?): In this case, ALTHOUGHProctor committed adultery, he is still admirable because he is adhering to his genuine morals by not lying to the court. He is sacrificing his life by telling the truth and upholding his morals, all for the love of his wife.

33. Hamburger Hotdog Paper In the play The Crucible, by Arthur Miller, Abigail Williams is an admirable character whose resourcefulness and ambition are heroic.

34. Introductions • You are making a first impression. What do you do when first meeting someone you want to like you? Charm? Humor? Sincerity? • Writing is a social act.

35. Introduction • Anecdotal using Scene • Interesting Factual statement • COLLECT NOTES on these moves.

36. Introductions • Interesting Statement of Fact • Start introduction with a compelling fact. • Tone of introduction is factual, objective, and scientific. • Writer is telling reader, “I’m not messing with feelings. It’s all facts, baby.” • Good for writing that is heavily leaning on logic • Research papers • Science writing

37. Introductions • Take out a piece of paper. • Write “interesting fact” on this paper.

38. Introductions • Interesting Statement of Fact • Look up a famous person that has the admirable traits of your character: • In 1967 John McCain, a United States senator, was shot down by the North Vietnamese while flying a mission. • Edith Cavell, a nurse in Belgium during World War One, was arrested and executed for helping allied servicemen escape back to England. .

39. Introductions • Look up 3 famous people that has the admirable traits of your character: Martin Luther King Junior had a dream. His strong sense of morals allowed him to think of man, woman, white and black to live in the same space. He paid the ultimate price for this strong sense of morality, much the same way as JP in the play The Crucible. In the play The Crucible, by Arthur Miller, John Proctor is an admirable character because of his strong sense of morals. .

40. Example: In 1967 John McCain, a United States senator, was shot down by The North Vietnamese while flying a mission. According to Wikipedia.com, when McCain’s North Vietnamese captors tortured him, he resorted to making an anti-American confession in order to avoid further torture. McCain acted in ways that were unscrupulous in order to survive, and this resourcefulness and ambition were the only ways he could endure the terrible conditions of the prison.(Move #1) Not only do political figures have these admirable traits, but characters in literature also Demonstrate these admirable qualities..(Move #2)In the play The Crucible, by Arthur Miller, Abigail Williams is an admirable character whose resourcefulness and ambition are heroic.

41. Introductions • Start first sentence with interesting fact Fifty two percent of marriages end in divorce, which means someone at some point was not acting admirably. Human beings (WHO) are embedded with flaws, and it is the drama of trying to understand these flaws under the light of our strengths that is the human struggle (WHEN), represented through every day statistics and in literature. Those who live understanding this struggle are to be admired for their awareness (WHAT). In the play The Crucible, John Proctor lives with this awareness, because of his conscious way of living, he is admirable. Who, what, where of argument. • Who: Human Beings, Divorced people • What: Awareness • When: Human struggle

42. Introductions • Start first sentence with interesting fact Stanford University’s acceptance rate is 0.6%, and these candidates are the top students of their schools. These candidates strive for what they want, despite the statistics, enduring hours of homework, playing sports, and surviving disastrous family lives. In the same way these students strove for greatness, Abigail Williams, in the play The Crucible, also attains what she wants with ambition against the odds. Who, what, where of argument. • Who: Human Beings, Divorced people • What: Awareness • When: Human struggle

43. Introduction • Take out a piece of paper and label it, “Statement of Opinion.”

44. Introduction • Father Thesis, Baby Thesis: Statement of Opinion • Write a more GENERAL version of your thesis as your first line. First line must HOOK.

45. Introduction Father Thesis, Baby Thesis: Statement of Opinion Write a more GENERAL version of your thesis as your first line. First line must HOOK. GENERAL STATEMENT: To survive is supreme, and to die is failure. THESIS: In the play The Crucible, by Arthur Miller, Abigail Williams is an admirable character whose resourcefulness and ambition are heroic. .

46. Introduction Father Thesis, Baby Thesis: Statement of Opinion Write a more GENERAL version of your thesis as your first line. First line must HOOK. GENERAL STATEMENT: To survive is supreme, and to die is failure. During difficult times, one must take every measure simply to survive, which takes characteristics that can at times be difficult to accept. One must act with ambition and resourcefulness in the face of death of persecution. THESIS: In the play The Crucible, by Arthur Miller, Abigail Williams is an admirable character whose resourcefulness and ambition are heroic. .

47. Introduction • Scene • Use 3 out of the 5 senses • Quickest way to emotionally convince the reader • Pure storytelling • Mr. Kim is nuts about this one. But you should learn other techniques. • Who, what, where of argument. • Who: People, beings, living creatures • What: Transience • Where: Living rooms, kitchens, schools, anywhere!

48. Introduction • Take out a piece of paper. • Label it “Scene Introduction.”

49. Introduction • Turn in “Scene Introduction” in the back tray.

50. Introduction • Scene: Write 3 sensory details about a time you experienced the thesis: EXAMPLE: MR. KIM’s FATHER IN COMMUNITY COLLEGE. 3 SENSORY DETAILS • Air conditioning • Back Pack zipping • Whispering of students