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carrot pest in indonesia

Carrot (Daucus carota) production in the world. . Carrot in Indonesia. Most distributed in Java and Sumatera islandProduced ,43 ton/ha(1985), 8,90 ton /ha (1986), 12,89 ton/ha (1991) and 16.4 ton/ha (2000), 16.3 ton/ha (2001), 14.0 to/ha (2002), 16.5 (2003) and 16,97 (2006)Research based on pest not more/ advance(Prihandarini, 2007; Indonesia statistic, 2007).

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carrot pest in indonesia

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    1. By Haris Setyaningrum Email :abu_harist99@yahoo.co.id Carrot Pest In Indonesia

    3. Carrot in Indonesia Most distributed in Java and Sumatera island Produced ,43 ton/ha(1985), 8,90 ton /ha (1986), 12,89 ton/ha (1991) and 16.4 ton/ha (2000), 16.3 ton/ha (2001), 14.0 to/ha (2002), 16.5 (2003) and 16,97 (2006) Research based on pest not more/ advance (Prihandarini, 2007; Indonesia statistic, 2007)

    4. Carrot production in Indonesia

    5. Carrot pest in Indonesia Aphid (Aphis sp and Semiaphis dauci) Wireworms larva of Agrotis ipsilon Hufn (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Beetle Bothynus gibbosus (Coleoptera : Scarabidae) Carrot weevil, Listronatus oregoneusus Leaf miner Liriomyza trifolii Burgess (Diptera; Agromyzidae) Mole cricket, Gryllotalpa sp (Cahyono, 1997; Hills, 1975; Duke, 1993)

    6. Aphid (Aphis sp and Semiaphis dauci)Biology Not found any data that shown the biology of aphids in Indonesia because generally aphid biology also influence by the environment

    7. Damaged Peircing the plant tissue Wilting plant Curling plant Covering the plant with honey dew Economic losses not been reported (Webb, 2007; Hills, 1975)

    8. Control

    9. Fig.2. Aphid attack on leaf of carrotFig.2. Aphid attack on leaf of carrot

    12. Eggs are laid singly in soil 1 to 6 inches dept Hatching takes place in 2 to 4 weeks Larvae body are smooth and soft with dark brown to black color In Indonesia the research based on this pest not advance (Davidson & Peairs, 1966;Webb, 2007; Cahyono, 1997).

    13. Damaged Making hole in tuber Wilting Causing several losses but not found the detail data percentage of losses (Cahyono, 1997).

    14. Control

    15. Fig 9. Symptom that caused by larvae AgrotisFig 9. Symptom that caused by larvae Agrotis

    16. Beetle Bothynus gibbosus (Coleoptera : Scarabidae) abroad, stout, red brown, and about ˝ inch long hibernate in soil and the hatching larvae white grubs one generation a year Larvae usually make C shape (Davidson & Peairs, 1966; Cahyono, 1997; White, 1998)

    17. Damaged Larvae of this beetle feed on root or tuber adult feed on foliage Making wound , as entry point of other pathogens Infestation are most common in sandy soil (Cahyono, 1997; Larry, 2006

    18. Control

    19. Fig. 11. Bothynus gibbosus Fig. 11. Bothynus gibbosus

    20. Carrot weevil, Listronatus oregoneusus The adult weevil is nearly Ľ inch in length, dark brown with typical chewing mouthpart The larvae are white, legless, curved grubs The beetles fly but not far ( Davidson & Peairs, 1966; Ellis et.al,1996 )

    21. Damaged Making tunnel through stem and tuber Wilting Unfit harvest crop Stunting Percentage of economic losses not been find (Ellis et.al, 1996)

    22. Control

    23. www.entm.purdue.edu & ohioline.osu.edu www.entm.purdue.edu & ohioline.osu.edu

    24. Leaf miner Liriomyza trifolii Burgess (Diptera; Agromyzidae) The adult leafminer is a small fly,about 1/8 to 1/10 of an inch long with a yellow abdomen inserts the eggs in feeding punctures on the upper leaf surface Larvae stage 2 weeks longs The complete life cycle can be as short as 18 to 21 days (Webb, 2007, Davidson & Peairs, 1966).

    25. Damaged No any data found for number of the economic losses in Indonesia Sporadic foliar pest on carrots Larvae feed between the upper and lower leaf surfaces (minning) Heavy damage may cause leaf drop Adult female leaf miner puncture the leaf sometime petals to feed on exuding sap (Webb, 2007; Dreistadt, 2001)

    26. Control

    27. http://www.eppo.org/QUARANTINE/insects/Liriomyza_trifolii/LIRITR_02.jpg & http://www.entm.purdue.edu/entomology/vegisite/insect_ID_pics/CH10_Celery/leafminer_damage.jpghttp://www.eppo.org/QUARANTINE/insects/Liriomyza_trifolii/LIRITR_02.jpg & http://www.entm.purdue.edu/entomology/vegisite/insect_ID_pics/CH10_Celery/leafminer_damage.jpg

    28. Mole cricket, Gryllotalpa sp One generation per year Eggs are laid in chambers, 4 to 12 inches underground, during the summer Eggs hatch after about three weeks These adults overwinter and breed in the spring most commonly seen during their brief mating flights (Webb, 2007; Cahyono, 1997; Davidson & Peairs, 1966)

    29. Damaged Mainly feed on plant roots or tuber of carrot Making wilting and rot In Warm also feed on stems and leaves Damaging to young seedlings Making hole around the plant Damaged either as nymph or adult stage. (Webb, 2007; Cahyono, 1997; Davidson & Peairs, 1966).

    30. Control

    31. Fig 18. Mole cricket attack the plantsFig 18. Mole cricket attack the plants

    32. Integrated control Combine between Chemical, Cultural and Biological control for generally all pest Can reduce the losses that caused by conventional control More safety Apply regularly

    38. References Bradeen, James M. and Simon, Philipp W.2007. Genome Mapping and Molecular Breeding in Plants, Volume 5 Vegetables, C. Kole (Ed). Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg Cahyono , Bambang.1997. Wortel, Teknik Budi Daya Dan Analisis Usaha Tani. Kanisius. Yogyakarta. Indonesia Davidson, Ralph. H. and Peairs, Leonard. M,.1966.Insect pest of farm, garden and Orchard . 7th ed. John Wiley & sons. New York. Dreistadt ,Steve H. 2001. Integrated Pest Management for Floriculture and Nurseries. Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of California (System). ANR Publications. California. Duke , James A . 1993. CRC Handbook of Alternative Cash Crops. CRC Press Ellis , Barbara W . et.al.1996. The Organic Gardener's Handbook of Natural Insect and Disease Control: A Complete Problem-solving Guide to Keeping Your Garden & Yard Healthy Without Chemicals. Rodale. Publ Hill, Dennis S. 1975. Agricultural insect pest of the tropics and their control. Cambridge University Press. London Anon 2. http://www.agnet.org/library/tb/136/ Monroy, Alberto & Moscona, A.A. 1996. Current Topics in Developmental Biology. Academic Press. Porter, C.L.1967. Taxonomy of the flowering plants. W.H. Freeman and Company. San Fransisco and London. Potter , Daniel A . 1997. Destructive Turfgrass Insects: Biology, Diagnosis, and Control. John Wiley and Sons. New York Prihandarini MS, Ririen. 2007. Teknologi   budidaya  organic. Info Biotama. Jakarta . Strand , Larry . 2006. Integrated Pest Management for Potatoes in the Western United States. ANR Publications

    39. Upadhyay , R. K.et.al. 2002. Biocontrol Potential and Its Exploitation in Sustainable Agriculture: Volume 2: Insect Pests. Springer Publ. New York Webb. S. E. August 2007. Insect Management for Carrots. Florida Cooperative Extension Service, no ENY-462 (IG148). University of Florida. Wertz, Betsy Ann. Anon. Wild carrot (Daucus carota ). Cooperative extension service ( number IV C 9 10M587 U.ed. 86-797) Pensylvania state University . White, Richard E. 1998. A Field Guide to the Beetles of North America: Of North America (Contributor Roger Tory Peterson). HMCo Field Guides. Anon, 1. http://www.iptek.net.id/ind/teknologi_pangan/index.php?id=209 http://www.bps.go.id/pubs/index.html  

    40. Thanks for your attentions

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