Defense Related Policy and Procurement Developments in UK as well as within US

1. Defense Related Policy and Procurement Developments in UK as well as within US British Embassy team: Jonathan Hoyle – Minister (Defence Materiel) Adrian Baguley - Defence Science and Technology Counsellor Andrew Radcliffe – Defence Equipment Counsellor Bill Cruickshank – Attache Defence Equipment (Legal)

2. Agenda • General Policy Overview & Global Context • Facts & Figures • Procurement • Science & Technology • Industrial Strategy • Conclusions

3. General Policy Overview & Global Context

4. The UK Defence Policy Vision • Defending the UK and its interests • Strengthening international peace and stability • A force for good in the world • Achieved by being: • Fit for the challenge of today • Ready for the tasks of tomorrow • Capable of building for the future

5. New Threats and Instabilities • We face new challenges and unpredictable conditions. • Strategy must evolve to reflect these new realities. • This means: • Evolving strategy and military doctrine that is flexible and geared to changing conditions. • Behaving with speed, flexibility and creativity.

6. Military Imperative – since 1900(areas in red where US & UK forces have fought together since 1900)

7. Combined UK & US Ops Since 1990 IFOR UNPROFOR Operation Desert Shield UNOMIG Operation Enduring Freedom ISAF KFOR UNIKOM SFOR II UNTAET UNMIL Operation Desert Storm Operation Iraqi Freedom Operation Active Endeavour

8. UK Defence Policy vis-à-vis US “ Maintenance of the transatlantic relationship is fundamental to our security and defence policy” “ Our Armed Forces will need to be inter-operable with US Command & Control structures”

9. March 2003 - Iraq 1 Marine Expeditionary Force 3 Commando Brigade 15 Marine Expeditionary Unit

10. Facts & Figures

11. $442Bn($148Bn proc/RDT&E) 3.3% of GDP Single-services train and equip Widespread acquisition community Several major prime contractors Strong Congressional influence $57Bn ($16Bn procurement, etc) 2.4% of GDP Tri-service reqs, research and acq. Focused acquisition community Single major national defence prime contractor Little legislative influence DoD / MoD Comparison

12. Per Capita Defence Spending ($)

13. Defense Expenditure per Head of Armed Forces ($k)

14. Equipment Expenditure per Head of Armed Forces ($k)

15. Procurement

16. Public Perception

17. SMART Acquisition • Deliver within time, cost and performance parameters • Integrate • Reduce risk • Cut the time for new technologies to be introduced • Whole life approach • Clear customer / supplier relationship “To acquire Defence capability faster, cheaper, better and more effectively integrated.”

18. Joy delivery of reduced by more than thrilled by the news that the DPA had yet again succeeded in delivering key ends A Vision… Cost reductions welcomed by defence chiefs

19. Major Project Report Headline Performance - Post Main Gate Projects MPR 2003 MPR2004 In-Year Cost Variation £3,121m £1,731m In-year ISD slippage 144 months 62 months

20. Still More To Be Done . . . • Improve through-life management • Improve relationship with industry • Increase early investment to de-risk projects • Improve approach to project approvals • More effective performance/time/cost trade-off • Better skills planning, development & incentives • Improved corporate approach to business

21. Project Review & Assurance ‘Dashboard’

22. Joint Strike Fighter • UK requires 150 JSF: • Replace RAF & RN Harriers • Equip 2 new carriers • US lead co-operative venture • UK is sole Level 1 Participant • BAES is major contractor

23. Replace 28 VC10’s / Tristars High replacement capital cost AirTanker Consortium Selected Airbus A330 Future Strategic Tanker Aircraft • FSTA contracts for a ‘service’: • 5-8 aircraft needed for training etc. • Rising to ~20 during peak operations • Contractor uses aircraft commercially (for freight and passengers) when not required by RAF

24. ASTOR • World-leading airborne Ground Surveillance system • First to interleave Ground Moving Target Indication (GMTI) & Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) • 3 operators (c.f. E10’s 35) • 5 aircraft, first flight imminent • Contract is with US firm (Raytheon)

25. A400M • European Multinational Airlifter • 7 nations • 180 aircraft • Clear requirement for European airlift capability • Only current capability is small UK C-17 fleet

26. Network Enabled Capability

27. Science & Technology

28. UK Defence Science & Technology Budget • Annual UK Defence S&T Spend: $880M / £480M

29. UK Science & Technology Priorities For Directed Research • Command structures and decision support for NCW • Information and data management • Detection and identification of difficult targets, BDA and Combat Id • Unmanned systems • Precision weapons, including for HDBT • CBR detection and countermeasures • Improved mobile communications • Recruitment, retention, reduced manning and duty of care • Detection and disruption of explosive devices • Technology Insertion • Modelling and simulation for effects based operations, experimentation, urban ops, human systems and logistics supply chain

30. UK Science & Technology Priorities For Innovative Research • Autonomous systems • Wireless sensor networks • Generic biological detection and countermeasures • Novel sensor and processing technology • Active or Multifunctional material technologies • Technology enabling low cost, low maintenance or high availability systems • Technologies to reduce environmental impact • Information systems • Power Sources

31. Towers of Excellence • Improve transition and pull-through • Partnership with industry • Focus resources on priority areas

32. Defence Technology Centres • Development of enabling-level technologies • Formal collaboration between MoD, industry and academia Data Information Fusion Defence Technology Centre

33. US - UK Collaborative Framework 24 Collaborative Acquisition Programs 30+ Active Collaborative Research Programs 120 Information Exchange Agreements The Technical Cooperation Program

34. Cooperative Research Programmes(12 new programmes totaling >$230m commenced in 2004)

35. Industry’s role inCooperation • Seeking to increase involvement of UK/US supplier bases in S+T collaboration • National research is being increasingly contracted out to non-government bodies • Better prepare for technology transition • Early engagement increases viability of downstream procurement collaboration • Can be achieved: • Via government – industry contracting • Through government and industry partnerships

36. International Technology Alliance • A new model of collaboration • UK/US government, industry and academic partnership • Network & Information Sciences • Network Theory • Security across a system of systems • Sensor information processing and delivery • Distributed coalition planning and decision making • Competition in progress – ITA begins work early 2006

37. Industrial Strategy

38. UK Defence Industrial Policy • Healthy & globally competitive defence industry - to provide the Armed Forces with: • the equipment they require • at best value for the taxpayer • UK defence industry = suppliers who create: • value • employment • technology • intellectual assets • Open & fair competition is the bedrock: • improved flow of info / tech across borders • no market distortion but wide range of factors

39. UK Defence Industrial Strategy (DIS) • Recently announced. • Will build on the Defence Industrial Policy. • Address some of the more difficult questions surrounding future of the defence industrial base. • Intended to develop clearer joint understanding between Gov & Industry of essential technologies and capabilities. • Publish before end 2005.

40. DIS Way Forward • Will not address all industrial sectors by year end to the same depth. • Work has to be prioritised. • Major decisions required shortly on key acquisitions such as the Future Carrier project. • DIS will concentrate on: • Shipbuilding and support • Fixed wing aircraft (Inc. UAVs) • Rotorcraft • Guided weapons • General munitions • Armoured fighting vehicles

41. DIS Expectations • DIS will require change for MoD and wider government as well as supply side. • This will include: • Reassessing the use of competition at different stages. • Optimising contract durations to encourage investment. • Fresh approaches to demonstrating value for money. • Challenging structures, policies and processes. • Being more open and transparent.

42. DIS International Context “We also need to be clear on the relationship with other technologies and equipment, developed by our allies. We – the MoD and industry – need to think carefully about where, and how, we match, complement, or disinvest in areas compared to key allies. I explicitly include continental Europe in that.” Lord Drayson, Minister (Defence Procurement) 15 September 2005

43. Conclusions

44. Immediate Challenges • Sustaining an adequate defence industrial base on an inadequate defence budget • Investing in new technology, developing new processes: • NCW / NEC • UAVs / UCAVs / UUVs • Pulling R&D through into production • Interoperability and transatlantic cooperation: • Making the JSF work • Protectionism • Information sharing • Technology transfer restrictions • Growing the talent - skills for industry & government

45. Why Cooperate? • Military Imperative • Improved interoperability • More capable allies – increased burden-sharing • Lessons identified / learnt • Fiscal Imperative • Reduced research and acquisition costs • Intellectual Imperative • Wider intellectual pool • Peer review • Technology Imperative • Access to unique capabilities • Improved technology access

46. Questions?