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Computer Graphics in Film

Computer Graphics in Film. Rafael Sabino 9/14/2004 Topics in Computer Science. My Purpose. Give a general idea of how computer graphics special effects are done in movies The Perfect Storm:

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Computer Graphics in Film

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  1. Computer Graphics in Film Rafael Sabino 9/14/2004 Topics in Computer Science

  2. My Purpose • Give a general idea of how computer graphics special effects are done in movies • The Perfect Storm: • Portrays the struggles of a six man crew on the Andrea Gail caught in a meteorological phenomena called the perfect storm.

  3. Introduction • Why is the movie important in graphics? • Until then, no studio tackled so much digital water in so many forms • Water is one of the most difficult objects to create and make look realistic • Company that created the digital effects was Industrial Light and Magic (ILM)

  4. How much did it take? • A crew that grew to be about 120 people • It took about 14 months to create a total of 340 shots • 250 shots or about 30 minutes of the film include digital water • 100-foot by 92-foot tank and a full sized model of the Andrea Gail • Among others

  5. The Film Process – How is it Done? • After a production studio decides to make a film, they choose a director, which in turn chooses a special effects company • Once this is decided, the film process starts

  6. Script • First step is to create a story and/or the script • From the script, the special effects team creates storyboards

  7. Storyboards • A collection of still drawings, words and technical instructions that describe each shot. • A typical film has an average of 2000 shots!

  8. The Film Team Divides and Conquers • Different groups are created, among these are: • Sets Designers (design and construct sets) • Research and Development

  9. The Film Team Divides and Conquers (continued) • Stunt Team • Physical Effects Team (prepares anything not CG) • Wardrobe • Camera, lighting, and sound equipment

  10. Production • Once all teams are divided, the film crew enters the production stage • Production: the process of filming live-action shots • It involves actors and stunts people working on site or on set to get all of the footage

  11. Post-Production • Once production finishes, post-production starts • What happens here? • Parts of the film where effects need to be added are digitized • Creation of shots where CG and live action are combined • Creation of shots which contain miniature models and CG

  12. Post-Production (continued) • All CG Shots are rendered • Stunt shots get touched up to remove wires, etc. • Shots get cleaned and color corrected • The entire film gets amalgamated from all of the shots • Film gets mastered, duplicated, sent to a theater near you!

  13. ILM’s role in the Film Process • Upon reaching an agreement with the director, ILM chooses its visual effects supervisor for the project • A crew of 120 was assembled for the 340 shots of the film

  14. ILM’s Role: Storyboards and Animatics • The film is carefully planned out, shot by shot, to match the overall vision director has for film • Storyboards are used • Animatics: insures director planned shot will work

  15. ILM’s Role: CG Shots • Total of 340 shots were created • 90 of the shots where completely CG • 220 have CG water or another CG element

  16. ILM’s Role: CG Shots (cont.)

  17. ILM’s Role: CG Shots

  18. ILM’s Role: CG Shots

  19. ILM’s Role: Water Effects • ILM’s job was to simulate all water effects closely enough so that artificial water could be conglomerated with real water realistically • A good understanding of how air, water, and solid objects interact with each other was essential for the realism of the movie

  20. ILM’s Role: Water Effects • In addition to studying the physics of water, the team observed and annotated how light affects its appearance • Once all background research was done, an ocean water simulator was created to emulate the ocean water found in the movie

  21. ILM’s Role: Water Effects • Basic fluid dynamic simulation provided the foundation for the body of the ocean • Most 3D modeling work was done using off the shelf software called Maya • About 30 plug-ins written in C++ where created for this movie

  22. ILM’s Role: Water Effects • Multiple particle systems were created to ape the complex physics of the ocean • A collision model was created to dictate what particles should do when colliding with themselves or other objects • Shaders were used to create the look of the CG environment • In some shots, billions of particles had to be created

  23. Putting It All Together • A shaded version of the Andrea Gail

  24. Putting It All Together • The colored and textured version of the Andrea Gail

  25. Putting It All Together • The simulated ocean

  26. Putting It All together • Run off from wave crashing over the boat

  27. Putting It All Together • A wave of particles created by the boat’s movement in the water

  28. Putting it All Together • Splash created by boat crashing into wave

  29. Putting It All Together • The lighting model

  30. Putting it All Together • Frame of final shot with all layers put together

  31. Moral Issues • How far will technology go? • Some fear that technology will replace humans as it gets more sophisticated

  32. Acknowledgments • www.cgw.com • www.science.howstuffworks.com

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