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Media Characteristics. Human Industrialized technology for producing messages Acts as a channel: “medium” Generally aimed a reaching large and/or targeted audiences Operates across distances Does not require “co-presence” Development affected by commercial and/or political interests.
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Media Characteristics • Human • Industrialized technology for producing messages • Acts as a channel: “medium” • Generally aimed a reaching large and/or targeted audiences • Operates across distances • Does not require “co-presence” • Development affected by commercial and/or political interests COM 251
Media History • First major medium: Print Books, Pamphlets, Magazines, Newspapers • 18th-19th Centuries: Advanced Printing Technologies tied to urbanization and increased literacy Photography • Latter 19th-20th Century: Sound recording, motion pictures, radio, television (analog) • Latter 20th-21st Century: Digitization and Computerization Cable/Satellite/Internet/Wireless COM 251
Why study media? Sociology “Because vested interests and power relationships influence the content and interpretation of media texts, questions about the relationship between media, profit, ownership are important and constitute the basis for studying the political economy of the media.” O’Shaughnessy and Stadler COM 251 Why study media texts? Aesthetics Because that’s where the producer and the audience meet. Tankel
5 ways of looking at how the media work • The media show us what the world is like; they make sense of the world for us Representation Interpretation Evaluation • Media products DO NOT show or present the real world, they construct and represent reality • The media are just one of the ways by which we and society make sense of the world, or construct the world • The media are owned, controlled, and created by certain groups who make sense of society on behalf of others • The need for popularity/the desire for entertainment COM 251
CRASH THE FRAMES OF PRODUCTION AND RECEPTION • CLASS • RACE • AGE • SEXUAL ORIENTATION and GENDER • HANDICAP COM 251
A MODEL OF MEDIA TEXTS AND SOCIAL INFLUENCE Media texts reflecting/influencingaffecting/influencing Media producers audiences reflecting/influencingaffecting/influencing Popular common sense COM 251